不建议使用GOPATH和GOROOT配置。

您可以使用GO模块。

例如:

mkdir go_app
cd go_app
go mod init go_app

在cmd/go文档中讨论了GOPATH:

GOPATH环境变量列出了寻找Go代码的位置。在 Unix，值是一个冒号分隔的字符串。Windows操作系统为 以分号分隔的字符串。在Plan 9中，取值为列表。 必须将GOPATH设置为在外部获取、构建和安装包 标准围棋树。

安装说明中讨论了GOROOT:

The Go binary distributions assume they will be installed in /usr/local/go (or c:\Go under Windows), but it is possible to install the Go tools to a different location. In this case you must set the GOROOT environment variable to point to the directory in which it was installed. For example, if you installed Go to your home directory you should add the following commands to $HOME/.profile: export GOROOT=$HOME/go export PATH=$PATH:$GOROOT/bin Note: GOROOT must be set only when installing to a custom location.

(更新版的克里斯·邦奇的回答。)

如上所述:

GOPATH环境变量指定您的 工作区。

对于Windows，这对我来说是有效的(在Ms-dos窗口中):

set GOPATH=D:\my_folder_for_go_code\

这将创建一个Ms-dos识别的GOPATH变量，使用如下:

cd %GOPATH%

对于所有新手，如果你正在使用Ubuntu，他们可以简单地导出GOPATH=$HOME/go，或者去帮助GOPATH获取更多信息。

还有一种情况是，当我们使用go时，它会编译所有的go文件。

假设我们有一个文件main。然后我们将当前文件更改为main_old。Go，然后添加新的main。文件。然后当我们构建应用程序时，所有的go文件都将被编译。所以发生的错误可能是由于其他go文件中的编译错误。

具体到GOROOT, Go 1.9会自动将其设置到其安装路径。 即使你安装了多个Go，调用1.9。xone将GOROOT设置为/path/到/go/1.9(之前，如果没有设置，它假设默认路径为/usr/local/go或c:\ go)。

参见CL Go Review 53370:

The go tool will now use the path from which it was invoked to attempt to locate the root of the Go install tree. This means that if the entire Go installation is moved to a new location, the go tool should continue to work as usual. This may be overriden by setting GOROOT in the environment, which should only be done in unusual circumstances. Note that this does not affect the result of the runtime.GOROOT() function, which will continue to report the original installation location; this may be fixed in later releases.