打开终端，移动到项目路径，然后根据操作系统运行: Gradlew clean或。/ Gradlew clean

这可能是因为Android Studio的实例不止一个。

这些答案我都试过了，包括杀死java进程，在HOME_DIR和project dir中删除.gradle，重启Android Studio，甚至重启OS。

它开始正常工作后，我启动gradle同步。

在@Sean Stayns的回答中引用了一个场景，以防它能帮助到任何人:如果你把你的项目保存在谷歌Drive文件夹中——不要这样做。只需将项目移动到本地驱动器即可解决此问题。

In the case we were trying to solve, were were also getting the "It is currently in use by another Gradle instance" error and nothing we tried here worked. The process ID was unknown as well. It didn't immediately occur to me to ask where the project was being saved, so in case anyone new to Android Dev is saving their projects to a Google Drive folder, just move over to your local drive. I would have just left this as a comment in @Sean Stayns's answer, but I can't comment. Hopefully it benefits someone.

有时，您需要在每次构建错误后运行此代码几次

对我来说，它需要两次，首先我得到锁定错误，我运行这段代码，然后我再次得到另一个文件的锁定错误，所以我再次运行代码，在结束时它正常工作。

find ~/.gradle -type f -name "*.lock" -delete

对于MAC电脑

请打开“Activity Monitor”，选择“memory”选项，强制静音Android studio和其他正在运行的java进程，就可以解决这个问题。