我知道这是一个老帖子，但我有一个解决方案，我过去经常使用:

grep -E -m 1 -n 'old' file | sed 's/:.*$//' - | sed 's/$/s\/old\/new\//' - | sed -f - file

基本上使用grep打印第一次出现并在那里停止。另外，打印行号即5:行。将其导入sed并删除:和后面的所有内容，这样就只剩下行号了。将其导入sed，从而添加s/。*/replace到结束数字，这将导致一个1行脚本，该脚本被管道插入到最后一个sed中，作为脚本在文件上运行。

因此，如果regex = #include and replace = blah，并且grep发现的第一个出现在第5行，那么传输到最后一个sed的数据将是5s/.*/blah/。

即使第一次出现在第一行也有效。

这里可能的解决方案是告诉编译器包含头文件，而不在源文件中提到它。在GCC中有这些选项:

   -include file
       Process file as if "#include "file"" appeared as the first line of
       the primary source file.  However, the first directory searched for
       file is the preprocessor's working directory instead of the
       directory containing the main source file.  If not found there, it
       is searched for in the remainder of the "#include "..."" search
       chain as normal.

       If multiple -include options are given, the files are included in
       the order they appear on the command line.

   -imacros file
       Exactly like -include, except that any output produced by scanning
       file is thrown away.  Macros it defines remain defined.  This
       allows you to acquire all the macros from a header without also
       processing its declarations.

       All files specified by -imacros are processed before all files
       specified by -include.

微软的编译器有/FI(强制包含)选项。

这个特性对于一些常见的头文件来说很方便，比如平台配置。Linux内核的Makefile为此使用-include。

没什么新内容，只是可能有一些更具体的答案:sed -rn '0，/foo(bar)。* / % % \ 1% p '

示例:xwininfo -name unit -launcher输出如下:

xwininfo: Window id: 0x2200003 "unity-launcher"

  Absolute upper-left X:  -2980
  Absolute upper-left Y:  -198
  Relative upper-left X:  0
  Relative upper-left Y:  0
  Width: 2880
  Height: 98
  Depth: 24
  Visual: 0x21
  Visual Class: TrueColor
  Border width: 0
  Class: InputOutput
  Colormap: 0x20 (installed)
  Bit Gravity State: ForgetGravity
  Window Gravity State: NorthWestGravity
  Backing Store State: NotUseful
  Save Under State: no
  Map State: IsViewable
  Override Redirect State: no
  Corners:  +-2980+-198  -2980+-198  -2980-1900  +-2980-1900
  -geometry 2880x98+-2980+-198

使用xwininfo -name unit -launcher|sed -rn '0提取窗口ID，/^xwininfo:窗口ID: (0x[0-9a- fa -f]+)。*/ s%%\1%p'产生:

0x2200003

相当全面的linuxtopia常见问题解答集合。它还强调了人们提供的一些答案不能与非gnu版本的sed一起工作，例如

sed '0,/RE/s//to_that/' file

在非gnu版本中必须是

sed -e '1s/RE/to_that/;t' -e '1,/RE/s//to_that/'

但是，这个版本不能与gnu sed一起工作。

下面是一个两者都适用的版本:

-e '/RE/{s//to_that/;:a' -e '$!N;$!ba' -e '}'

ex:

sed -e '/Apple/{s//Banana/;:a' -e '$!N;$!ba' -e '}' filename

这可能为你工作(GNU sed):

sed -si '/#include/{s//& "newfile.h\n&/;:a;$!{n;ba}}' file1 file2 file....

或者如果内存不是问题:

sed -si ':a;$!{N;ba};s/#include/& "newfile.h\n&/' file1 file2 file...

只需要在最后加上出现的次数:

sed s/#include/#include "newfile.h"\n#include/1