如何在特定范围内生成随机int值?

以下方法存在与整数溢出相关的错误:

randomNum = minimum + (int)(Math.random() * maximum);
// Bug: `randomNum` can be bigger than `maximum`.
Random rn = new Random();
int n = maximum - minimum + 1;
int i = rn.nextInt() % n;
randomNum =  minimum + i;
// Bug: `randomNum` can be smaller than `minimum`.

当前回答

下面是一个简单的示例,它显示了如何从闭合的[min,max]范围生成随机数,而min<=max为真

您可以将其作为孔中字段类重用,也可以将所有Random.class方法放在一个位置

结果示例:

RandomUtils random = new RandomUtils();
random.nextInt(0, 0); // returns 0
random.nextInt(10, 10); // returns 10
random.nextInt(-10, 10); // returns numbers from -10 to 10 (-10, -9....9, 10)
random.nextInt(10, -10); // throws assert

来源:

import junit.framework.Assert;
import java.util.Random;

public class RandomUtils extends Random {

    /**
     * @param min generated value. Can't be > then max
     * @param max generated value
     * @return values in closed range [min, max].
     */
    public int nextInt(int min, int max) {
        Assert.assertFalse("min can't be > then max; values:[" + min + ", " + max + "]", min > max);
        if (min == max) {
            return max;
        }

        return nextInt(max - min + 1) + min;
    }
}

其他回答

使用nexttint(n)方法为最小值和最大值的差值生成一个随机数,然后将最小值添加到结果中:

Random rn = new Random();
int result = rn.nextInt(max - min + 1) + min;
System.out.println(result);
public static Random RANDOM = new Random(System.nanoTime());

public static final float random(final float pMin, final float pMax) {
    return pMin + RANDOM.nextFloat() * (pMax - pMin);
}

你可以这样做:

import java.awt.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.math.*;

public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int first, second;

        Scanner myScanner = new Scanner(System.in);

        System.out.println("Enter first integer: ");
        int numOne;
        numOne = myScanner.nextInt();
        System.out.println("You have keyed in " + numOne);

        System.out.println("Enter second integer: ");
        int numTwo;
        numTwo = myScanner.nextInt();
        System.out.println("You have keyed in " + numTwo);

        Random generator = new Random();
        int num = (int)(Math.random()*numTwo);
        System.out.println("Random number: " + ((num>numOne)?num:numOne+num));
    }
}

使用这些方法可能很方便:

此方法将返回提供的最小值和最大值之间的随机数:

public static int getRandomNumberBetween(int min, int max) {
    Random foo = new Random();
    int randomNumber = foo.nextInt(max - min) + min;
    if (randomNumber == min) {
        // Since the random number is between the min and max values, simply add 1
        return min + 1;
    } else {
        return randomNumber;
    }
}

并且该方法将从所提供的最小值和最大值返回随机数(因此生成的数也可以是最小值或最大值):

public static int getRandomNumberFrom(int min, int max) {
    Random foo = new Random();
    int randomNumber = foo.nextInt((max + 1) - min) + min;

    return randomNumber;
}

范围[最小值最大值](含)内的随机数:

int randomFromMinToMaxInclusive = ThreadLocalRandom.current()
        .nextInt(min, max + 1);