您可以一次检查SQLDB中的多个列，并返回一个字符串作为状态以检查列是否存在：

IF EXISTS
        (
          SELECT *
          FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
          WHERE TABLE_NAME = 'Table Name'
          AND(COLUMN_NAME = 'column 1'
          or COLUMN_NAME = 'column 2'
          or COLUMN_NAME = 'column 3'
          or COLUMN_NAME = 'column 4')
        )
        SELECT 'Column exists in table' AS[Status];
        ELSE
        SELECT 'Column does not exist in table' AS[Status];

首先检查dbo.syscolumns（包含字段定义的内部SQL Server表）中是否存在表/列（id/name）组合，如果不存在，则发出适当的ALTER table查询以添加它。例如：

IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT  *
            FROM    syscolumns
            WHERE   id = OBJECT_ID('Client')
                    AND name = 'Name' ) 
ALTER TABLE Client
ADD Name VARCHAR(64) NULL

IF EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM sys.columns
      WHERE Name = N'columnName'
      AND Object_ID = Object_ID(N'schemaName.tableName'))

这应该是解决这个问题的比较简单和直接的方法。我曾多次在类似的场景中使用过这种方法。毫无疑问，它就像一种魅力。

IF NOT EXISTS(SELECT NULL
              FROM  INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
              WHERE table_name = 'TableName'
                    AND table_schema = 'SchemaName'
                    AND column_name = 'ColumnName') BEGIN

  ALTER TABLE [SchemaName].[TableName] ADD [ColumnName] int(1) NOT NULL default '0';

END;

SQL Server 2005及以后版本：

IF EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM sys.columns 
          WHERE Name = N'columnName'
          AND Object_ID = Object_ID(N'schemaName.tableName'))
BEGIN
    -- Column Exists
END

马丁·史密斯的版本更短：

IF COL_LENGTH('schemaName.tableName', 'columnName') IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
    -- Column Exists
END

试试这个

SELECT COLUMNS.*
FROM   INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS COLUMNS,
       INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES TABLES
WHERE  COLUMNS.TABLE_NAME = TABLES.TABLE_NAME
       AND Upper(COLUMNS.COLUMN_NAME) = Upper('column_name')