我想创建一个日期列表,从今天开始,追溯到任意天数,例如,在我的示例中是100天。还有比这更好的办法吗?

import datetime

a = datetime.datetime.today()
numdays = 100
dateList = []
for x in range (0, numdays):
    dateList.append(a - datetime.timedelta(days = x))
print dateList

当前回答

下面是bash脚本获得工作日列表的一行代码,这是python 3。很容易修改为任何东西,末尾的int是你想要的过去的天数。

python -c "import sys,datetime; print('\n'.join([(datetime.datetime.today() - datetime.timedelta(days=x)).strftime(\"%Y/%m/%d\") for x in range(0,int(sys.argv[1])) if (datetime.datetime.today() - datetime.timedelta(days=x)).isoweekday()<6]))" 10

这里是提供开始(或者确切地说,结束)日期的变体

python -c "import sys,datetime; print('\n'.join([(datetime.datetime.strptime(sys.argv[1],\"%Y/%m/%d\") - datetime.timedelta(days=x)).strftime(\"%Y/%m/%d \") for x in range(0,int(sys.argv[2])) if (datetime.datetime.today() - datetime.timedelta(days=x)).isoweekday()<6]))" 2015/12/30 10

这里是任意开始和结束日期的变体。并不是说这不是非常有效,而是在bash脚本中放入for循环很好:

python -c "import sys,datetime; print('\n'.join([(datetime.datetime.strptime(sys.argv[1],\"%Y/%m/%d\") + datetime.timedelta(days=x)).strftime(\"%Y/%m/%d\") for x in range(0,int((datetime.datetime.strptime(sys.argv[2], \"%Y/%m/%d\") - datetime.datetime.strptime(sys.argv[1], \"%Y/%m/%d\")).days)) if (datetime.datetime.strptime(sys.argv[1], \"%Y/%m/%d\") + datetime.timedelta(days=x)).isoweekday()<6]))" 2015/12/15 2015/12/30

其他回答

是的,重新发明轮子.... 只要搜索论坛,你就会得到这样的东西:

from dateutil import rrule
from datetime import datetime

list(rrule.rrule(rrule.DAILY,count=100,dtstart=datetime.now()))

你也可以使用日期序数来简化:

def date_range(start_date, end_date):
    for ordinal in range(start_date.toordinal(), end_date.toordinal()):
        yield datetime.date.fromordinal(ordinal)

或者像评论中建议的那样,你可以创建一个这样的列表:

date_range = [
    datetime.date.fromordinal(ordinal) 
    for ordinal in range(
        start_date.toordinal(),
        end_date.toordinal(),
    )
]

你可以写一个生成器函数,返回从今天开始的日期对象:

import datetime

def date_generator():
  from_date = datetime.datetime.today()
  while True:
    yield from_date
    from_date = from_date - datetime.timedelta(days=1)

这个生成器返回从今天开始的日期,一次返回一天。以下是前3次约会的方法:

>>> import itertools
>>> dates = itertools.islice(date_generator(), 3)
>>> list(dates)
[datetime.datetime(2009, 6, 14, 19, 12, 21, 703890), datetime.datetime(2009, 6, 13, 19, 12, 21, 703890), datetime.datetime(2009, 6, 12, 19, 12, 21, 703890)]

与循环或列表推导相比,这种方法的优点是可以返回任意多次。

Edit

使用生成器表达式代替函数的更紧凑的版本:

date_generator = (datetime.datetime.today() - datetime.timedelta(days=i) for i in itertools.count())

用法:

>>> dates = itertools.islice(date_generator, 3)
>>> list(dates)
[datetime.datetime(2009, 6, 15, 1, 32, 37, 286765), datetime.datetime(2009, 6, 14, 1, 32, 37, 286836), datetime.datetime(2009, 6, 13, 1, 32, 37, 286859)]

Matplotlib相关

from matplotlib.dates import drange
import datetime

base = datetime.date.today()
end  = base + datetime.timedelta(days=100)
delta = datetime.timedelta(days=1)
l = drange(base, end, delta)

稍微更好……

base = datetime.datetime.today()
date_list = [base - datetime.timedelta(days=x) for x in range(numdays)]