我通常使用以下习语来检查String是否可以转换为整数。

public boolean isInteger( String input ) {
    try {
        Integer.parseInt( input );
        return true;
    }
    catch( Exception e ) {
        return false;
    }
}

是我的错觉,还是你觉得这有点粗俗?还有什么更好的办法吗?


看看我的回答(带有基准,基于CodingWithSpike之前的回答),看看为什么我改变了立场,接受了Jonas Klemming对这个问题的回答。我认为大多数人都会使用这个原始代码,因为它实现起来更快,也更易于维护,但是当提供非整数数据时,它就慢了几个数量级。


当前回答

因为有可能人们仍然访问这里,并且在基准测试之后会对Regex产生偏见……因此,我将给出基准测试的更新版本,以及Regex的编译版本。与之前的基准测试相反,这个测试显示Regex解决方案实际上始终具有良好的性能。

摘自《蜥蜴比尔》,经编译后更新:

private final Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("^-?\\d+$");

public void runTests() {
    String big_int = "1234567890";
    String non_int = "1234XY7890";

    long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
            IsInt_ByException(big_int);
    long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    System.out.print("ByException - integer data: ");
    System.out.println(endTime - startTime);

    startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
            IsInt_ByException(non_int);
    endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    System.out.print("ByException - non-integer data: ");
    System.out.println(endTime - startTime);

    startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
            IsInt_ByRegex(big_int);
    endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    System.out.print("\nByRegex - integer data: ");
    System.out.println(endTime - startTime);

    startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
            IsInt_ByRegex(non_int);
    endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    System.out.print("ByRegex - non-integer data: ");
    System.out.println(endTime - startTime);

    startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
            IsInt_ByCompiledRegex(big_int);
    endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    System.out.print("\nByCompiledRegex - integer data: ");
    System.out.println(endTime - startTime);

    startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
            IsInt_ByCompiledRegex(non_int);
    endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    System.out.print("ByCompiledRegex - non-integer data: ");
    System.out.println(endTime - startTime);


    startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
            IsInt_ByJonas(big_int);
    endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    System.out.print("\nByJonas - integer data: ");
    System.out.println(endTime - startTime);

    startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
            IsInt_ByJonas(non_int);
    endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    System.out.print("ByJonas - non-integer data: ");
    System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
}

private boolean IsInt_ByException(String str)
{
    try
    {
        Integer.parseInt(str);
        return true;
    }
    catch(NumberFormatException nfe)
    {
        return false;
    }
}

private boolean IsInt_ByRegex(String str)
{
    return str.matches("^-?\\d+$");
}

private boolean IsInt_ByCompiledRegex(String str) {
    return pattern.matcher(str).find();
}

public boolean IsInt_ByJonas(String str)
{
    if (str == null) {
            return false;
    }
    int length = str.length();
    if (length == 0) {
            return false;
    }
    int i = 0;
    if (str.charAt(0) == '-') {
            if (length == 1) {
                    return false;
            }
            i = 1;
    }
    for (; i < length; i++) {
            char c = str.charAt(i);
            if (c <= '/' || c >= ':') {
                    return false;
            }
    }
    return true;
}

结果:

ByException - integer data: 45
ByException - non-integer data: 465

ByRegex - integer data: 272
ByRegex - non-integer data: 131

ByCompiledRegex - integer data: 45
ByCompiledRegex - non-integer data: 26

ByJonas - integer data: 8
ByJonas - non-integer data: 2

其他回答

我从rally25rs answer复制了代码,并添加了一些非整数数据的测试。结果不可否认地支持Jonas Klemming发布的方法。当你有整数数据时,我最初发布的Exception方法的结果非常好,但当你没有整数数据时,它们是最糟糕的,而RegEx解决方案(我敢打赌很多人使用)的结果一直很糟糕。请参阅Felipe的编译正则表达式示例,该示例要快得多。

public void runTests()
{
    String big_int = "1234567890";
    String non_int = "1234XY7890";

    long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
        IsInt_ByException(big_int);
    long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    System.out.print("ByException - integer data: ");
    System.out.println(endTime - startTime);

    startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
        IsInt_ByException(non_int);
    endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    System.out.print("ByException - non-integer data: ");
    System.out.println(endTime - startTime);

    startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
        IsInt_ByRegex(big_int);
    endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    System.out.print("\nByRegex - integer data: ");
    System.out.println(endTime - startTime);

    startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
        IsInt_ByRegex(non_int);
    endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    System.out.print("ByRegex - non-integer data: ");
    System.out.println(endTime - startTime);

    startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
        IsInt_ByJonas(big_int);
    endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    System.out.print("\nByJonas - integer data: ");
    System.out.println(endTime - startTime);

    startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    for(int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
        IsInt_ByJonas(non_int);
    endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    System.out.print("ByJonas - non-integer data: ");
    System.out.println(endTime - startTime);
}

private boolean IsInt_ByException(String str)
{
    try
    {
        Integer.parseInt(str);
        return true;
    }
    catch(NumberFormatException nfe)
    {
        return false;
    }
}

private boolean IsInt_ByRegex(String str)
{
    return str.matches("^-?\\d+$");
}

public boolean IsInt_ByJonas(String str)
{
    if (str == null) {
            return false;
    }
    int length = str.length();
    if (length == 0) {
            return false;
    }
    int i = 0;
    if (str.charAt(0) == '-') {
            if (length == 1) {
                    return false;
            }
            i = 1;
    }
    for (; i < length; i++) {
            char c = str.charAt(i);
            if (c <= '/' || c >= ':') {
                    return false;
            }
    }
    return true;
}

结果:

ByException - integer data: 47
ByException - non-integer data: 547

ByRegex - integer data: 390
ByRegex - non-integer data: 313

ByJonas - integer data: 0
ByJonas - non-integer data: 16

我不喜欢方法与regex,因为regex不能检查范围(整数。MIN_VALUE Integer.MAX_VALUE)。

如果你希望在大多数情况下使用int值,而不是int值是不常见的,那么我建议使用Integer。valueOf或Integer。parseInt与NumberFormatException捕获。这种方法的优点-你的代码有很好的可读性:

public static boolean isInt(String s) {
  try {
    Integer.parseInt(s);
    return true;
  } catch (NumberFormatException nfe) {
    return false;
  }
}

如果你需要检查String是否为整数,并且关心性能,那么最好的方法是使用java jdk实现的integer。parseInt,但很少修改(用return false替换throw):

该功能性能良好,保证正确的结果:

   public static boolean isInt(String s) {
    int radix = 10;

    if (s == null) {
        return false;
    }

    if (radix < Character.MIN_RADIX) {
        return false;
    }

    if (radix > Character.MAX_RADIX) {
        return false;
    }

    int result = 0;
    boolean negative = false;
    int i = 0, len = s.length();
    int limit = -Integer.MAX_VALUE;
    int multmin;
    int digit;

    if (len > 0) {
        char firstChar = s.charAt(0);
        if (firstChar < '0') { // Possible leading "+" or "-"
            if (firstChar == '-') {
                negative = true;
                limit = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
            } else if (firstChar != '+')
                return false;

            if (len == 1) // Cannot have lone "+" or "-"
                return false;
            i++;
        }
        multmin = limit / radix;
        while (i < len) {
            // Accumulating negatively avoids surprises near MAX_VALUE
            digit = Character.digit(s.charAt(i++), radix);
            if (digit < 0) {
                return false;
            }
            if (result < multmin) {
                return false;
            }
            result *= radix;
            if (result < limit + digit) {
                return false;
            }
            result -= digit;
        }
    } else {
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}

如果你正在使用Android API,你可以使用:

TextUtils.isDigitsOnly(str);

这是对Jonas代码的修改,用于检查字符串是否在转换为整数的范围内。

public static boolean isInteger(String str) {
    if (str == null) {
        return false;
    }
    int length = str.length();
    int i = 0;

    // set the length and value for highest positive int or lowest negative int
    int maxlength = 10;
    String maxnum = String.valueOf(Integer.MAX_VALUE);
    if (str.charAt(0) == '-') { 
        maxlength = 11;
        i = 1;
        maxnum = String.valueOf(Integer.MIN_VALUE);
    }  

    // verify digit length does not exceed int range
    if (length > maxlength) { 
        return false; 
    }

    // verify that all characters are numbers
    if (maxlength == 11 && length == 1) {
        return false;
    }
    for (int num = i; num < length; num++) {
        char c = str.charAt(num);
        if (c < '0' || c > '9') {
            return false;
        }
    }

    // verify that number value is within int range
    if (length == maxlength) {
        for (; i < length; i++) {
            if (str.charAt(i) < maxnum.charAt(i)) {
                return true;
            }
            else if (str.charAt(i) > maxnum.charAt(i)) {
                return false;
            }
        }
    }
    return true;
}

有番石榴版本:

import com.google.common.primitives.Ints;

Integer intValue = Ints.tryParse(stringValue);

如果解析字符串失败,它将返回null而不是抛出异常。