我在这里没有看到这个答案，所以我想我将添加它，因为我现在正在学习Python，并且刚刚发现它。Python教程(在本例中是Python 2)给出了以下简单而有效的示例:

class Employee:
    pass

john = Employee()  # Create an empty employee record

# Fill the fields of the record
john.name = 'John Doe'
john.dept = 'computer lab'
john.salary = 1000

也就是说，创建一个空类对象，然后实例化，动态添加字段。

这样做的好处是非常简单。缺点是它不是特别自记录的(在类“定义”中没有列出预期的成员)，并且未设置字段在访问时可能会导致问题。这两个问题可以通过以下方法解决:

class Employee:
    def __init__ (self):
        self.name = None # or whatever
        self.dept = None
        self.salary = None

现在，您至少可以一目了然地看到程序将期望哪些字段。

两者都很容易打错别字，约翰。Slarly = 1000将成功。不过，它还是有效的。

你可以通过以下方式在python中访问C-Style struct。

class cstruct:
    var_i = 0
    var_f = 0.0
    var_str = ""

如果你只想使用cstruct的对象

obj = cstruct()
obj.var_i = 50
obj.var_f = 50.00
obj.var_str = "fifty"
print "cstruct: obj i=%d f=%f s=%s" %(obj.var_i, obj.var_f, obj.var_str)

如果你想创建一个cstruct对象的数组

obj_array = [cstruct() for i in range(10)]
obj_array[0].var_i = 10
obj_array[0].var_f = 10.00
obj_array[0].var_str = "ten"

#go ahead and fill rest of array instaces of struct

#print all the value
for i in range(10):
    print "cstruct: obj_array i=%d f=%f s=%s" %(obj_array[i].var_i, obj_array[i].var_f, obj_array[i].var_str)

注意: 请使用你的struct名称，而不是'cstruct'名称 请定义结构的成员变量，而不是var_i, var_f, var_str。

我还想添加一个使用插槽的解决方案:

class Point:
    __slots__ = ["x", "y"]
    def __init__(self, x, y):
        self.x = x
        self.y = y

Definitely check the documentation for slots but a quick explanation of slots is that it is python's way of saying: "If you can lock these attributes and only these attributes into the class such that you commit that you will not add any new attributes once the class is instantiated (yes you can add new attributes to a class instance, see example below) then I will do away with the large memory allocation that allows for adding new attributes to a class instance and use just what I need for these slotted attributes".

添加属性到类实例的例子(因此不使用插槽):

class Point:
    def __init__(self, x, y):
        self.x = x
        self.y = y

p1 = Point(3,5)
p1.z = 8
print(p1.z)

输出:8

尝试向使用插槽的类实例添加属性的示例:

class Point:
    __slots__ = ["x", "y"]
    def __init__(self, x, y):
        self.x = x
        self.y = y

p1 = Point(3,5)
p1.z = 8

'Point'对象没有属性'z'

这可以有效地作为结构体工作，并且比类使用更少的内存(就像结构体一样，尽管我没有研究具体有多少内存)。如果要创建对象的大量实例且不需要添加属性，建议使用slot。点对象就是一个很好的例子，因为很可能会实例化许多点来描述一个数据集。

就我个人而言，我也喜欢这种变体。它扩展了@dF的答案。

class struct:
    def __init__(self, *sequential, **named):
        fields = dict(zip(sequential, [None]*len(sequential)), **named)
        self.__dict__.update(fields)
    def __repr__(self):
        return str(self.__dict__)

它支持两种初始化模式(可以混合使用):

# Struct with field1, field2, field3 that are initialized to None.
mystruct1 = struct("field1", "field2", "field3") 
# Struct with field1, field2, field3 that are initialized according to arguments.
mystruct2 = struct(field1=1, field2=2, field3=3)

而且，它打印得更好:

print(mystruct2)
# Prints: {'field3': 3, 'field1': 1, 'field2': 2}

我能想到的最干净的方法是使用一个类装饰器，它可以让你声明一个静态类，并将其重写为一个具有正常命名属性的结构体:

from as_struct import struct

@struct
class Product():
    name = 'unknown product'
    quantity = -1
    sku = '-'

# create instance
p = Product('plush toy', sku='12-345-6789')

# check content:
p.name     # plush toy
p.quantity # -1 
p.sku      # 12-345-6789

使用以下装饰器代码:

def struct(struct_class):
    # create a new init
    def struct_init(self, *args, **kwargs):
        i = 0 # we really don't need enumerate() here...
        for value in args:
            name = member_names[i]
            default_value = member_values[i]
            setattr(self, name, value if value is not None else default_value)
            i += 1 # ...we just need to inc an int
        for key,value in kwargs.items():
            i = member_names.index(key)
            default_value = member_values[i]
            setattr(self, key, value if value is not None else default_value)
    # extract the struct members
    member_names = []
    member_values = []
    for attr_name in dir(struct_class):
        if not attr_name.startswith('_'):
            value = getattr(struct_class, attr_name)
            if not callable(value):
                member_names.append(attr_name)
                member_values.append(value)
    # rebind and return
    struct_class.init = struct_init
    return struct_class

它的工作原理是获取类，提取字段名及其默认值，然后重写类的__init__函数，根据知道哪个参数索引映射到哪个属性名来设置self属性。

还可以按位置将初始化参数传递给实例变量

# Abstract struct class       
class Struct:
    def __init__ (self, *argv, **argd):
        if len(argd):
            # Update by dictionary
            self.__dict__.update (argd)
        else:
            # Update by position
            attrs = filter (lambda x: x[0:2] != "__", dir(self))
            for n in range(len(argv)):
                setattr(self, attrs[n], argv[n])

# Specific class
class Point3dStruct (Struct):
    x = 0
    y = 0
    z = 0

pt1 = Point3dStruct()
pt1.x = 10

print pt1.x
print "-"*10

pt2 = Point3dStruct(5, 6)

print pt2.x, pt2.y
print "-"*10

pt3 = Point3dStruct (x=1, y=2, z=3)
print pt3.x, pt3.y, pt3.z
print "-"*10