伪代码基于@biziclop的答案:

只使用基本结构:变量、数组、if、while和for 函数getNode(id)和getChildren(id) 假设已知节点数N

注意:我从1开始使用数组索引，而不是0。

广度优先

S = Array(N)
S[1] = 1; // root id
cur = 1;
last = 1
while cur <= last
    id = S[cur]
    node = getNode(id)
    children = getChildren(id)

    n = length(children)
    for i = 1..n
        S[ last+i ] = children[i]
    end
    last = last+n
    cur = cur+1

    visit(node)
end

深度优先

S = Array(N)
S[1] = 1; // root id
cur = 1;
while cur > 0
    id = S[cur]
    node = getNode(id)
    children = getChildren(id)

    n = length(children)
    for i = 1..n
        // assuming children are given left-to-right
        S[ cur+i-1 ] = children[ n-i+1 ] 

        // otherwise
        // S[ cur+i-1 ] = children[i] 
    end
    cur = cur+n-1

    visit(node)
end

PreOrderTraversal is same as DFS in binary tree. You can do the same recursion 
taking care of Stack as below.

    public void IterativePreOrder(Tree root)
            {
                if (root == null)
                    return;
                Stack s<Tree> = new Stack<Tree>();
                s.Push(root);
                while (s.Count != 0)
                {
                    Tree b = s.Pop();
                    Console.Write(b.Data + " ");
                    if (b.Right != null)
                        s.Push(b.Right);
                    if (b.Left != null)
                        s.Push(b.Left);

                }
            }

一般的逻辑是，将一个节点(从根开始)推入Stack, Pop()它和Print()值。然后，如果它有子节点(左和右)，将它们推入堆栈-先推右，这样你就会先访问左子节点(在访问节点本身之后)。当stack为空()时，您将访问Pre-Order中的所有节点。

如果你有指向父节点的指针，你可以在没有额外内存的情况下完成。

def dfs(root):
    node = root
    while True:
        visit(node)
        if node.first_child:
            node = node.first_child      # walk down
        else:
            while not node.next_sibling:
                if node is root:
                    return
                node = node.parent       # walk up ...
            node = node.next_sibling     # ... and right

注意，如果子节点存储为数组而不是通过兄弟指针，那么下一个兄弟节点可以通过以下方式找到:

def next_sibling(node):
    try:
        i =    node.parent.child_nodes.index(node)
        return node.parent.child_nodes[i+1]
    except (IndexError, AttributeError):
        return None

Java中的DFS迭代:

//DFS: Iterative
private Boolean DFSIterative(Node root, int target) {
    if (root == null)
        return false;
    Stack<Node> _stack = new Stack<Node>();
    _stack.push(root);
    while (_stack.size() > 0) {
        Node temp = _stack.peek();
        if (temp.data == target)
            return true;
        if (temp.left != null)
            _stack.push(temp.left);
        else if (temp.right != null)
            _stack.push(temp.right);
        else
            _stack.pop();
    }
    return false;
}

伪代码基于@biziclop的答案:

只使用基本结构:变量、数组、if、while和for 函数getNode(id)和getChildren(id) 假设已知节点数N

注意:我从1开始使用数组索引，而不是0。

广度优先

S = Array(N)
S[1] = 1; // root id
cur = 1;
last = 1
while cur <= last
    id = S[cur]
    node = getNode(id)
    children = getChildren(id)

    n = length(children)
    for i = 1..n
        S[ last+i ] = children[i]
    end
    last = last+n
    cur = cur+1

    visit(node)
end

深度优先

S = Array(N)
S[1] = 1; // root id
cur = 1;
while cur > 0
    id = S[cur]
    node = getNode(id)
    children = getChildren(id)

    n = length(children)
    for i = 1..n
        // assuming children are given left-to-right
        S[ cur+i-1 ] = children[ n-i+1 ] 

        // otherwise
        // S[ cur+i-1 ] = children[i] 
    end
    cur = cur+n-1

    visit(node)
end

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zLZhSSXAwxI

刚刚看了这个视频，并提出了实施方案。这对我来说似乎很容易理解。请评论一下。

visited_node={root}
stack.push(root)
while(!stack.empty){
  unvisited_node = get_unvisited_adj_nodes(stack.top());
  If (unvisited_node!=null){
     stack.push(unvisited_node);  
     visited_node+=unvisited_node;
  }
  else
     stack.pop()
}