今天，我非常惊讶地发现，当从数据文件读取数据时(例如)，熊猫能够识别值的类型:
df = pandas.read_csv('test.dat', delimiter=r"\s+", names=['col1','col2','col3'])
例如，可以这样检查:
for i, r in df.iterrows():
print type(r['col1']), type(r['col2']), type(r['col3'])
特别是整数、浮点数和字符串被正确识别。但是，我有一列的日期格式如下:2013-6-4。这些日期被识别为字符串(而不是python date-objects)。
当前回答
Pandas read_csv方法非常适合解析日期。完整的文档请访问http://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/generated/pandas.io.parsers.read_csv.html
你甚至可以在不同的列中有不同的日期部分，并传递参数:
parse_dates : boolean, list of ints or names, list of lists, or dict
If True -> try parsing the index. If [1, 2, 3] -> try parsing columns 1, 2, 3 each as a
separate date column. If [[1, 3]] -> combine columns 1 and 3 and parse as a single date
column. {‘foo’ : [1, 3]} -> parse columns 1, 3 as date and call result ‘foo’
The default sensing of dates works great, but it seems to be biased towards north american Date formats. If you live elsewhere you might occasionally be caught by the results. As far as I can remember 1/6/2000 means 6 January in the USA as opposed to 1 Jun where I live. It is smart enough to swing them around if dates like 23/6/2000 are used. Probably safer to stay with YYYYMMDD variations of date though. Apologies to pandas developers,here but i have not tested it with local dates recently.
可以使用date_parser参数传递一个函数来转换格式。
date_parser : function
Function to use for converting a sequence of string columns to an array of datetime
instances. The default uses dateutil.parser.parser to do the conversion.
其他回答
是的，这段代码工作起来很轻松。这里索引0指的是日期列的索引。
df = pd.read_csv(filepath, parse_dates=[0], infer_datetime_format = True)
Pandas read_csv方法非常适合解析日期。完整的文档请访问http://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/generated/pandas.io.parsers.read_csv.html
你甚至可以在不同的列中有不同的日期部分，并传递参数:
parse_dates : boolean, list of ints or names, list of lists, or dict
If True -> try parsing the index. If [1, 2, 3] -> try parsing columns 1, 2, 3 each as a
separate date column. If [[1, 3]] -> combine columns 1 and 3 and parse as a single date
column. {‘foo’ : [1, 3]} -> parse columns 1, 3 as date and call result ‘foo’
The default sensing of dates works great, but it seems to be biased towards north american Date formats. If you live elsewhere you might occasionally be caught by the results. As far as I can remember 1/6/2000 means 6 January in the USA as opposed to 1 Jun where I live. It is smart enough to swing them around if dates like 23/6/2000 are used. Probably safer to stay with YYYYMMDD variations of date though. Apologies to pandas developers,here but i have not tested it with local dates recently.
可以使用date_parser参数传递一个函数来转换格式。
date_parser : function
Function to use for converting a sequence of string columns to an array of datetime
instances. The default uses dateutil.parser.parser to do the conversion.
不，在pandas中没有办法自动识别日期列。
Pandas在类型推断方面做得很差。它基本上把大多数列作为泛型对象类型，除非你手动绕过它。使用上面提到的parse_dates参数。
如果您想自动检测列类型，则必须使用单独的数据分析工具，例如。然后将推断的类型转换或反馈回DataFrame构造函数(例如。对于dates和from_csv，使用parse_dates参数)。
是的——根据熊猫的说法。read_csv文档:
注意:对于iso8601格式的日期存在快速路径。
因此，如果您的csv有一个名为datetime的列，日期看起来像2013-01-01T01:01，例如，运行这个将使pandas(我在v0.19.2)自动获取日期和时间:
Df = pd.read_csv('test.csv'， parse_dates=['datetime'])
请注意，您需要显式地传递parse_dates，否则它无法工作。
验证:
df.dtypes
您应该看到该列的数据类型是datetime64[ns]
当将两个列合并为单个datetime列时，接受的答案将生成一个错误(pandas版本0.20.3)，因为列分别发送给date_parser函数。
以下工作:
def dateparse(d,t):
dt = d + " " + t
return pd.datetime.strptime(dt, '%d/%m/%Y %H:%M:%S')
df = pd.read_csv(infile, parse_dates={'datetime': ['date', 'time']}, date_parser=dateparse)
