我尝试在windows 10上通过Pycharm IDE使用matplotlib包。 当我运行这段代码时:
from matplotlib import pyplot
我得到以下错误:
ImportError: No module named 'tkinter'
我知道在python2中。它被称为Tkinter，但这不是问题-我只是安装了一个全新的python 3.5.1。
编辑:此外，我还尝试导入'tkinter'和'tkinter' -这两个都不工作(都返回了我提到的错误消息)。
当前回答
在2018年初的Ubuntu上，Ubuntu (xenial/16.04)的正态分布中没有python3.6-tk，所以即使你有早期版本的python-tk也不能工作。
我的解决方案是使用python 3.5设置所有内容:
sudo apt install python3.5-tk
virtualenv --python=`which python3.5` python-env
source python-env/bin/activate
pip install -r requirements.txt
现在matplotlib可以找到tkinter。
编辑:
毕竟我只需要3.6个，诀窍是:
sudo apt install tk-dev
然后在tk-dev之后重新构建python3.6，例如:
./configure
make
make install
其他回答
为像我这样的穷人使用python 3.7。您需要python3.7-tk包。
安装python3.7-tk
$ python
Python 3.7.4 (default, Sep 2 2019, 20:44:09)
[GCC 5.4.0 20160609] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import tkinter
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'tkinter'
>>> exit()
请注意。安装Python3-tk。但不是python3.7-tk。
$ sudo apt install python3.7-tk
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Suggested packages:
tix python3.7-tk-dbg
The following NEW packages will be installed:
python3.7-tk
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 34 not upgraded.
Need to get 143 kB of archives.
After this operation, 534 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://ppa.launchpad.net/deadsnakes/ppa/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 python3.7-tk amd64 3.7.4-1+xenial2 [143
kB]
Fetched 143 kB in 0s (364 kB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package python3.7-tk:amd64.
(Reading database ... 256375 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../python3.7-tk_3.7.4-1+xenial2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking python3.7-tk:amd64 (3.7.4-1+xenial2) ...
Setting up python3.7-tk:amd64 (3.7.4-1+xenial2) ...
安装之后，一切都好了。
$ python3
Python 3.7.4 (default, Sep 2 2019, 20:44:09)
[GCC 5.4.0 20160609] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import tkinter
>>> exit()
也许你从源代码安装了python。在这种情况下，您可以重新编译支持tcl/tk的python。
从http://www.tcl.tk/software/tcltk/download.html编译并安装tcl/tk，我假设你在/home/xxx/local/tcl-tk/安装python。
# install tcl
wget -c https://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/tcl/tcl8.6.9-src.tar.gz
tar -xvzf tcl8.6.9-src.tar.gz
cd tcl8.6.9
./configure --prefix=/home/xxx/local/tcl-tk/
make
make install
# install tk
wget -c https://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/tcl/tk8.6.9.1-src.tar.gz
tar -xvzf tk8.6.9.1-src.tar.gz
cd tk8.6.9.1
./configure --prefix=/home/xxx/local/tcl-tk/
make
make install
使用tcl/tk重新编译python，例如:
# download the source code of python and decompress it first.
cd <your-python-src-dir>
./configure --prefix=/home/xxx/local/python \
--with-tcltk-includes=/home/xxx/local/tcl-tk/include \
--with-tcltk-libs=/home/xxx/local/tcl-tk/lib
make
make install
下载Python安装文件，单击“修改”，然后勾选“tcl/tk”并安装。
安装完成后，进入python安装文件夹(默认为C:\Users*您的用户名*\AppData\Local\Programs\ python \Python39\Lib)。
复制tkinter文件夹并将其粘贴到pycharm项目的lib文件夹中。
错误应该被解决
Almost all answers I searched for this issue say that Python on Windows comes with tkinter and tcl already installed, and I had no luck trying to download or install them using pip, or actviestate.com site. I eventually found that when I was installing python using the binary installer, I had unchecked the module related to TCL and tkinter. So, I ran the binary installer again and chose to modify my python version by this time selecting this option. No need to do anything manually then. If you go to your python terminal, then the following commands should show you version of tkinter installed with your Python:
import tkinter
import _tkinter
tkinter._test()
对于windows用户，重新运行安装程序。选择修改。选中tcl/tk和IDLE复选框。它的描述是“安装tkinter”
