验证字符串是否是有效的电子邮件地址的最优雅的代码是什么?


当前回答

我经常用这个来验证电子邮件,它就像一个魅力。这验证了电子邮件必须在@之前至少有一个字符,并且在“”之前至少有一个字符。

public static bool ValidateEmail(string value, bool required, int minLength, int maxLength)
        {
           value = value.Trim();
           if (required == false && value == "") return true;
           if (required && value == "") return false;
           if (value.Length < minLength || value.Length > maxLength) return false;

           //Email must have at least one character before an @, and at least one character before the .
           int index = value.IndexOf('@');
           if (index < 1 || value.LastIndexOf('.') < index + 2) return false;
           return true;
        }

其他回答

老实说,在产品代码中,我所做的最好的事情就是检查@符号。

我从来没有在一个地方完全验证电子邮件。你知道我怎么判断它是否有效吗?如果发送出去了。如果没有,那就糟了,如果有,生活就好了。这就是我需要知道的。

正如在许多回答中提到的,电子邮件地址的领域是复杂的。在这种情况下,我强烈反对使用正则表达式。那些匹配(大多数)用例的异常复杂,难以读取,因此也难以维护。此外,它们仍然难以支持所有病例,而且速度缓慢。

微软的EmailAddress类在这方面有所帮助,但我认为也不是完美的。在几年前的一个开源项目中,我尝试使用定制的EmailParser。

在[EmailAddress]https://github.com/Qowaiv/Qowaiv/blob/master/src/Qowaiv/EmailAddress.cs中使用。

通过使用这种方法,不仅可以验证电子邮件地址,还可以清除显示名称的多种格式,去掉mailto:-前缀,并根据ip地址规范化域字面量,并将所有内容小写(注意,本地部分是大小写敏感的)。

你的解决方案应该支持的场景(上面提到的就是):

[TestCase(null)]
[TestCase("")]
[TestCase("..@test.com")]
[TestCase(".a@test.com")]
[TestCase("ab@sd@dd")]
[TestCase(".@s.dd")]
[TestCase("ab@988.120.150.10")]
[TestCase("ab@120.256.256.120")]
[TestCase("ab@120.25.1111.120")]
[TestCase("ab@[188.120.150.10")]
[TestCase("ab@188.120.150.10]")]
[TestCase("ab@[188.120.150.10].com")]
[TestCase("a@b.-de.cc")]
[TestCase("a@bde-.cc")]
[TestCase("a@bde.c-c")]
[TestCase("a@bde.cc.")]
[TestCase("ab@b+de.cc")]
[TestCase("a..b@bde.cc")]
[TestCase("_@bde.cc,")]
[TestCase("plainaddress")]
[TestCase("plain.address")]
[TestCase("@%^%#$@#$@#.com")]
[TestCase("@domain.com")]
[TestCase("Joe Smith &lt;email@domain.com&gt;")]
[TestCase("email.domain.com")]
[TestCase("email@domain@domain.com")]
[TestCase(".email@domain.com")]
[TestCase("email.@domain.com")]
[TestCase("email..email@domain.com")]
[TestCase("email@-domain.com")]
[TestCase("email@domain-.com")]
[TestCase("email@domain.com-")]
[TestCase("email@.domain.com")]
[TestCase("email@domain.com.")]
[TestCase("email@domain..com")]
[TestCase("email@111.222.333")]
[TestCase("email@111.222.333.256")]
[TestCase("email@[123.123.123.123")]
[TestCase("email@[123.123.123].123")]
[TestCase("email@123.123.123.123]")]
[TestCase("email@123.123.[123.123]")]
[TestCase("email@{leftbracket.com")]
[TestCase("email@rightbracket}.com")]
[TestCase("email@p|pe.com")]
[TestCase("isis@100%.nl")]
[TestCase("email@dollar$.com")]
[TestCase("email@r&amp;d.com")]
[TestCase("email@#hash.com")]
[TestCase("email@wave~tilde.com")]
[TestCase("email@exclamation!mark.com")]
[TestCase("email@question?mark.com")]
[TestCase("email@obelix*asterisk.com")]
[TestCase("email@grave`accent.com")]
[TestCase("email@colon:colon.com")]
[TestCase("email@caret^xor.com")]
[TestCase("email@=qowaiv.com")]
[TestCase("email@plus+.com")]
[TestCase("email@domain.com>")]
[TestCase("email( (nested) )@plus.com")]
[TestCase("email)mirror(@plus.com")]
[TestCase("email@plus.com (not closed comment")]
[TestCase("email(with @ in comment)plus.com")]
[TestCase(@"""Joe Smith email@domain.com")]
[TestCase(@"""Joe Smith' email@domain.com")]
[TestCase(@"""Joe Smith""email@domain.com")]
[TestCase("email@mailto:domain.com")]
[TestCase("mailto:mailto:email@domain.com")]
[TestCase("Display Name <email@plus.com> (after name with display)")]
[TestCase("ReDoSaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa@aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa")]
public void IsInvalid(string email)
{
    Assert.IsFalse(EmailAddress.IsValid(email), email);
}

[TestCase("w@com")]
[TestCase("w.b.f@test.com")]
[TestCase("w.b.f@test.museum")]
[TestCase("a.a@test.com")]
[TestCase("ab@288.120.150.10.com")]
[TestCase("ab@188.120.150.10")]
[TestCase("ab@1.0.0.10")]
[TestCase("ab@120.25.254.120")]
[TestCase("ab@01.120.150.1")]
[TestCase("ab@88.120.150.021")]
[TestCase("ab@88.120.150.01")]
[TestCase("ab@[120.254.254.120]")]
[TestCase("local@2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334")]
[TestCase("local@[2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334]")]
[TestCase("2@bde.cc")]
[TestCase("-@bde.cc")]
[TestCase("a2@bde.cc")]
[TestCase("a-b@bde.cc")]
[TestCase("ab@b-de.cc")]
[TestCase("a+b@bde.cc")]
[TestCase("f.f.f@bde.cc")]
[TestCase("ab_c@bde.cc")]
[TestCase("_-_@bde.cc")]
[TestCase("k.haak@12move.nl")]
[TestCase("K.HAAK@12MOVE.NL")]
[TestCase("email@domain.com")]
[TestCase("email@domain")]
[TestCase("あいうえお@domain.com")]
[TestCase("local@あいうえお.com")]
[TestCase("firstname.lastname@domain.com")]
[TestCase("email@subdomain.domain.com")]
[TestCase("firstname+lastname@domain.com")]
[TestCase("email@123.123.123.123")]
[TestCase("email@[123.123.123.123]")]
[TestCase("1234567890@domain.com")]
[TestCase("a@domain.com")]
[TestCase("a.b.c.d@domain.com")]
[TestCase("aap.123.noot.mies@domain.com")]
[TestCase("1@domain.com")]
[TestCase("email@domain-one.com")]
[TestCase("_______@domain.com")]
[TestCase("email@domain.topleveldomain")]
[TestCase("email@domain.co.jp")]
[TestCase("firstname-lastname@domain.com")]
[TestCase("firstname-lastname@d.com")]
[TestCase("FIRSTNAME-LASTNAME@d--n.com")]
[TestCase("first-name-last-name@d-a-n.com")]
[TestCase("{local{name{{with{@leftbracket.com")]
[TestCase("}local}name}}with{@rightbracket.com")]
[TestCase("|local||name|with|@pipe.com")]
[TestCase("%local%%name%with%@percentage.com")]
[TestCase("$local$$name$with$@dollar.com")]
[TestCase("&local&&name&with&$@amp.com")]
[TestCase("#local##name#with#@hash.com")]
[TestCase("~local~~name~with~@tilde.com")]
[TestCase("!local!!name!with!@exclamation.com")]
[TestCase("?local??name?with?@question.com")]
[TestCase("*local**name*with*@asterisk.com")]
[TestCase("`local``name`with`@grave-accent.com")]
[TestCase("^local^^name^with^@xor.com")]
[TestCase("=local==name=with=@equality.com")]
[TestCase("+local++name+with+@equality.com")]
[TestCase("Joe Smith <email@domain.com>")]
[TestCase("email@domain.com (joe Smith)")]
[TestCase(@"""Joe Smith"" email@domain.com")]
[TestCase(@"""Joe\\tSmith"" email@domain.com")]
[TestCase(@"""Joe\""Smith"" email@domain.com")]
[TestCase(@"Test |<gaaf <email@domain.com>")]
[TestCase("MailTo:casesensitve@domain.com")]
[TestCase("mailto:email@domain.com")]
[TestCase("Joe Smith <mailto:email@domain.com>")]
[TestCase("Joe Smith <mailto:email(with comment)@domain.com>")]
[TestCase(@"""With extra < within quotes"" Display Name<email@domain.com>")]
[TestCase("aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa@aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa.aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa")]
public void IsValid(string email)
{
    Assert.IsTrue(EmailAddress.IsValid(email), email);
}

Personally, I would say that you should just make sure there is an @ symbol in there, with possibly a . character. There's many regexes you could use of varying correctness, but I think most of these leave out valid email addresses, or let invalid ones through. If people want to put in a fake email address, they will put in a fake one. If you need to verify that the email address is legit, and that the person is in control of that email address, then you will need to send them an email with a special coded link so they can verify that it indeed is a real address.

识别电子邮件id是否有效的简单方法。

public static bool EmailIsValid(string email)
{
        return Regex.IsMatch(email, @"^([\w-\.]+)@((\[[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.)|(([\w-]+\.)+))([a-zA-Z]{2,4}|[0-9]{1,3})(\]?)$");
}

.net 4.5增加了System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations.EmailAddressAttribute

你可以浏览EmailAddressAttribute的源代码,这是它内部使用的正则表达式:

const string pattern = @"^((([a-z]|\d|[!#\$%&'\*\+\-\/=\?\^_`{\|}~]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])+(\.([a-z]|\d|[!#\$%&'\*\+\-\/=\?\^_`{\|}~]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])+)*)|((\x22)((((\x20|\x09)*(\x0d\x0a))?(\x20|\x09)+)?(([\x01-\x08\x0b\x0c\x0e-\x1f\x7f]|\x21|[\x23-\x5b]|[\x5d-\x7e]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])|(\\([\x01-\x09\x0b\x0c\x0d-\x7f]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF]))))*(((\x20|\x09)*(\x0d\x0a))?(\x20|\x09)+)?(\x22)))@((([a-z]|\d|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])|(([a-z]|\d|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])([a-z]|\d|-|\.|_|~|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])*([a-z]|\d|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])))\.)+(([a-z]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])|(([a-z]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])([a-z]|\d|-|\.|_|~|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])*([a-z]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])))\.?$";