验证字符串是否是有效的电子邮件地址的最优雅的代码是什么?
当前回答
我根据维基百科的规则和样本地址创建了一个电子邮件地址验证程序。对于那些不介意多看一点代码的人，这里。说实话，我不知道电子邮件地址规范中有这么多疯狂的规则。我没有完全验证主机名或ipaddress，但它仍然通过了维基百科上的所有测试用例。
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
namespace EmailValidateUnitTests
{
[TestClass]
public class EmailValidationUnitTests
{
[TestMethod]
public void TestEmailValidate()
{
// Positive Assertions
Assert.IsTrue("prettyandsimple@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
Assert.IsTrue("very.common@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
Assert.IsTrue("disposable.style.email.with+symbol@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
Assert.IsTrue("other.email-with-dash@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
Assert.IsTrue("\"much.more unusual\"@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
Assert.IsTrue("\"very.unusual.@.unusual.com\"@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress()); //"very.unusual.@.unusual.com"@example.com
Assert.IsTrue("\"very.(),:;<>[]\\\".VERY.\\\"very@\\\\ \\\"very\\\".unusual\"@strange.example.com".IsValidEmailAddress()); //"very.(),:;<>[]\".VERY.\"very@\\ \"very\".unusual"@strange.example.com
Assert.IsTrue("admin@mailserver1".IsValidEmailAddress());
Assert.IsTrue("#!$%&'*+-/=?^_`{}|~@example.org".IsValidEmailAddress());
Assert.IsTrue("\"()<>[]:,;@\\\\\\\"!#$%&'*+-/=?^_`{}| ~.a\"@example.org".IsValidEmailAddress()); //"()<>[]:,;@\\\"!#$%&'*+-/=?^_`{}| ~.a"@example.org
Assert.IsTrue("\" \"@example.org".IsValidEmailAddress()); //" "@example.org (space between the quotes)
Assert.IsTrue("example@localhost".IsValidEmailAddress());
Assert.IsTrue("example@s.solutions".IsValidEmailAddress());
Assert.IsTrue("user@com".IsValidEmailAddress());
Assert.IsTrue("user@localserver".IsValidEmailAddress());
Assert.IsTrue("user@[IPv6:2001:db8::1]".IsValidEmailAddress());
Assert.IsTrue("user@[192.168.2.1]".IsValidEmailAddress());
Assert.IsTrue("(comment and stuff)joe@gmail.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
Assert.IsTrue("joe(comment and stuff)@gmail.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
Assert.IsTrue("joe@(comment and stuff)gmail.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
Assert.IsTrue("joe@gmail.com(comment and stuff)".IsValidEmailAddress());
// Failure Assertions
Assert.IsFalse("joe(fail me)smith@gmail.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
Assert.IsFalse("joesmith@gma(fail me)il.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
Assert.IsFalse("joe@gmail.com(comment and stuff".IsValidEmailAddress());
Assert.IsFalse("Abc.example.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
Assert.IsFalse("A@b@c@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
Assert.IsFalse("a\"b(c)d,e:f;g<h>i[j\\k]l@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress()); //a"b(c)d,e:f;g<h>i[j\k]l@example.com
Assert.IsFalse("just\"not\"right@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress()); //just"not"right@example.com
Assert.IsFalse("this is\"not\\allowed@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress()); //this is"not\allowed@example.com
Assert.IsFalse("this\\ still\\\"not\\\\allowed@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress());//this\ still\"not\\allowed@example.com
Assert.IsFalse("john..doe@example.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
Assert.IsFalse("john.doe@example..com".IsValidEmailAddress());
Assert.IsFalse(" joe@gmail.com".IsValidEmailAddress());
Assert.IsFalse("joe@gmail.com ".IsValidEmailAddress());
}
}
public static class ExtensionMethods
{
private const string ValidLocalPartChars = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789!#$%&'*+-/=?^_`{|}~";
private const string ValidQuotedLocalPartChars = "(),:;<>@[]. ";
private const string ValidDomainPartChars = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789-:";
private enum EmailParseMode
{
BeginLocal, Local, QuotedLocalEscape, QuotedLocal, QuotedLocalEnd, LocalSplit, LocalComment,
At,
Domain, DomainSplit, DomainComment, BracketedDomain, BracketedDomainEnd
};
public static bool IsValidEmailAddress(this string s)
{
bool valid = true;
bool hasLocal = false, hasDomain = false;
int commentStart = -1, commentEnd = -1;
var mode = EmailParseMode.BeginLocal;
for (int i = 0; i < s.Length; i++)
{
char c = s[i];
if (mode == EmailParseMode.BeginLocal || mode == EmailParseMode.LocalSplit)
{
if (c == '(') { mode = EmailParseMode.LocalComment; commentStart = i; commentEnd = -1; }
else if (c == '"') { mode = EmailParseMode.QuotedLocal; }
else if (ValidLocalPartChars.IndexOf(c) >= 0) { mode = EmailParseMode.Local; hasLocal = true; }
else { valid = false; break; }
}
else if (mode == EmailParseMode.LocalComment)
{
if (c == ')')
{
mode = EmailParseMode.Local; commentEnd = i;
// comments can only be at beginning and end of parts...
if (commentStart != 0 && ((commentEnd + 1) < s.Length) && s[commentEnd + 1] != '@') { valid = false; break; }
}
}
else if (mode == EmailParseMode.Local)
{
if (c == '.') mode = EmailParseMode.LocalSplit;
else if (c == '@') mode = EmailParseMode.At;
else if (c == '(') { mode = EmailParseMode.LocalComment; commentStart = i; commentEnd = -1; }
else if (ValidLocalPartChars.IndexOf(c) >= 0) { hasLocal = true; }
else { valid = false; break; }
}
else if (mode == EmailParseMode.QuotedLocal)
{
if (c == '"') { mode = EmailParseMode.QuotedLocalEnd; }
else if (c == '\\') { mode = EmailParseMode.QuotedLocalEscape; }
else if (ValidLocalPartChars.IndexOf(c) >= 0 || ValidQuotedLocalPartChars.IndexOf(c) >= 0) { hasLocal = true; }
else { valid = false; break; }
}
else if (mode == EmailParseMode.QuotedLocalEscape)
{
if (c == '"' || c == '\\') { mode = EmailParseMode.QuotedLocal; hasLocal = true; }
else { valid = false; break; }
}
else if (mode == EmailParseMode.QuotedLocalEnd)
{
if (c == '.') { mode = EmailParseMode.LocalSplit; }
else if (c == '@') mode = EmailParseMode.At;
else if (c == '(') { mode = EmailParseMode.LocalComment; commentStart = i; commentEnd = -1; }
else { valid = false; break; }
}
else if (mode == EmailParseMode.At)
{
if (c == '[') { mode = EmailParseMode.BracketedDomain; }
else if (c == '(') { mode = EmailParseMode.DomainComment; commentStart = i; commentEnd = -1; }
else if (ValidDomainPartChars.IndexOf(c) >= 0) { mode = EmailParseMode.Domain; hasDomain = true; }
else { valid = false; break; }
}
else if (mode == EmailParseMode.DomainComment)
{
if (c == ')')
{
mode = EmailParseMode.Domain;
commentEnd = i;
// comments can only be at beginning and end of parts...
if ((commentEnd + 1) != s.Length && (commentStart > 0) && s[commentStart - 1] != '@') { valid = false; break; }
}
}
else if (mode == EmailParseMode.DomainSplit)
{
if (ValidDomainPartChars.IndexOf(c) >= 0) { mode = EmailParseMode.Domain; hasDomain = true; }
else { valid = false; break; }
}
else if (mode == EmailParseMode.Domain)
{
if (c == '(') { mode = EmailParseMode.DomainComment; commentStart = i; commentEnd = -1; }
else if (c == '.') { mode = EmailParseMode.DomainSplit; }
else if (ValidDomainPartChars.IndexOf(c) >= 0) { hasDomain = true; }
else { valid = false; break; }
}
else if (mode == EmailParseMode.BracketedDomain)
{
if (c == ']') { mode = EmailParseMode.BracketedDomainEnd; }
else if (c == '.' || ValidDomainPartChars.IndexOf(c) >= 0) { hasDomain = true; }
else { valid = false; break; }
}
else if (mode == EmailParseMode.BracketedDomain)
{
if (c == '(') { mode = EmailParseMode.DomainComment; commentStart = i; commentEnd = -1; }
else { valid = false; break; }
}
}
bool unfinishedComment = (commentEnd == -1 && commentStart >= 0);
return hasLocal && hasDomain && valid && !unfinishedComment;
}
}
}
其他回答
在c#的regex中有文化问题，而不是js。所以我们需要在US模式下使用regex进行邮件检查。如果你不使用ECMAScript模式，你的语言特殊字符是在A-Z与正则表达式中隐含的。
Regex.IsMatch(email, @"^([a-zA-Z0-9_\-\.]+)@((\[[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.)|(([a-zA-Z0-9_\-]+\.)+))([a-zA-Z]{2,4}|[0-9]{1,3})(\]?)$", RegexOptions.ECMAScript)
如果你真的，我是说真的想知道一个电子邮件地址是否有效……请邮件交换器来证明它，不需要正则表达式。如果需要，我可以提供代码。
一般步骤如下: 1. 电子邮件地址有域名部分吗?(@ > 0的索引) 2. 使用DNS查询询问域是否有邮件交换器 3.打开到邮件交换器的TCP连接 4. 使用SMTP协议，以电子邮件地址作为接收者打开到服务器的消息 5. 解析服务器的响应。 6. 如果你能走到这一步，就别发短信了，一切都好。
正如您可以想象的那样，这是非常昂贵的时间，并且依赖于smtp，但它确实有效。
通过system . text . regulareexpressions检查电子邮件字符串的格式是否正确:
public static bool IsValidEmailId(string InputEmail)
{
Regex regex = new Regex(@"^([\w\.\-]+)@([\w\-]+)((\.(\w){2,3})+)$");
Match match = regex.Match(InputEmail);
if (match.Success)
return true;
else
return false;
}
protected void Email_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
String UserEmail = Email.Text;
if (IsValidEmailId(UserEmail))
{
Label4.Text = "This email is correct formate";
}
else
{
Label4.Text = "This email isn't correct formate";
}
}
另一个正则表达式匹配答案:
/// <summary>
/// Validates the email input
/// </summary>
internal static bool ValidateEmail(string _emailAddress)
{
string _regexPattern = @"^(([\w-]+\.)+[\w-]+|([a-zA-Z]{1}|[\w-]{2,}))@"
+ @"((([0-1]?[0-9]{1,2}|25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9])\.([0-1]?[0-9]{1,2}|25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9])\."
+ @"([0-1]?[0-9]{1,2}|25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9])\.([0-1]?[0-9]{1,2}|25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9])){1}|"
+ @"([a-zA-Z]+[\w-]+\.)+[a-zA-Z]{2,4})$";
return (string.IsNullOrEmpty(_emailAddress) == false && System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex.IsMatch(_emailAddress, _regexPattern))
? true
: false;
}
我将Poyson 1的答案简化如下:
public static bool IsValidEmailAddress(string candidateEmailAddr)
{
string regexExpresion = "\\w+([-+.']\\w+)*@\\w+([-.]\\w+)*\\.\\w+([-.]\\w+)*";
return (Regex.IsMatch(candidateEmailAddr, regexExpresion)) &&
(Regex.Replace(candidateEmailAddr, regexExpresion, string.Empty).Length == 0);
}
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