我使用过一些rake(一个Ruby make程序)，它有一个选项，可以获得所有可用目标的列表，例如
> rake --tasks
rake db:charset # retrieve the charset for your data...
rake db:collation # retrieve the collation for your da...
rake db:create # Creates the databases defined in y...
rake db:drop # Drops the database for your curren...
...
但是在GNU make中似乎没有这样做的选项。
显然，代码几乎已经有了，截至2007年- http://www.mail-archive.com/help-make@gnu.org/msg06434.html。
不管怎样，我做了一个小hack来从makefile中提取目标，你可以将它包含在makefile中。
list:
@grep '^[^#[:space:]].*:' Makefile
它会给你一个已定义目标的列表。这只是一个开始——例如，它并没有过滤掉依赖关系。
> make list
list:
copy:
run:
plot:
turnin:
专注于描述make目标的简单语法，并有一个干净的输出，我选择了以下方法:
help:
@grep -B1 -E "^[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+\:([^\=]|$$)" Makefile \
| grep -v -- -- \
| sed 'N;s/\n/###/' \
| sed -n 's/^#: \(.*\)###\(.*\):.*/\2###\1/p' \
| column -t -s '###'
#: Starts the container stack
up: a b
command
#: Pulls in new container images
pull: c d
another command
make-target-not-shown:
# this does not count as a description, so leaving
# your implementation comments alone, e.g TODOs
also-not-shown:
因此，将上面的文件作为Makefile来处理并运行它会给您带来类似于
> make help
up Starts the container stack
pull Pulls in new container images
命令链的解释:
First, grep all targets and their preceeding line, see https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/320709/223029.
Then, get rid of the group separator, see https://stackoverflow.com/a/2168139/1242922.
Then, we collapse each pair of lines to parse it later, see https://stackoverflow.com/a/9605559/1242922.
Then, we parse for valid lines and remove those which do not match, see https://stackoverflow.com/a/8255627/1242922, and also give the output our desired order: command, then description.
Lastly, we arrange the output like a table.
我把这两个答案结合起来:https://stackoverflow.com/a/9524878/86967和https://stackoverflow.com/a/7390874/86967
并做了一些转义，以便可以从makefile中使用。
.PHONY: no_targets__ list
no_targets__:
list:
sh -c "$(MAKE) -p no_targets__ | awk -F':' '/^[a-zA-Z0-9][^\$$#\/\\t=]*:([^=]|$$)/ {split(\$$1,A,/ /);for(i in A)print A[i]}' | grep -v '__\$$' | sort"
.
$ make -s list
build
clean
default
distclean
doc
fresh
install
list
makefile ## this is kind of extraneous, but whatever...
run
专注于描述make目标的简单语法，并有一个干净的输出，我选择了以下方法:
help:
@grep -B1 -E "^[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+\:([^\=]|$$)" Makefile \
| grep -v -- -- \
| sed 'N;s/\n/###/' \
| sed -n 's/^#: \(.*\)###\(.*\):.*/\2###\1/p' \
| column -t -s '###'
#: Starts the container stack
up: a b
command
#: Pulls in new container images
pull: c d
another command
make-target-not-shown:
# this does not count as a description, so leaving
# your implementation comments alone, e.g TODOs
also-not-shown:
因此，将上面的文件作为Makefile来处理并运行它会给您带来类似于
> make help
up Starts the container stack
pull Pulls in new container images
命令链的解释:
First, grep all targets and their preceeding line, see https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/320709/223029.
Then, get rid of the group separator, see https://stackoverflow.com/a/2168139/1242922.
Then, we collapse each pair of lines to parse it later, see https://stackoverflow.com/a/9605559/1242922.
Then, we parse for valid lines and remove those which do not match, see https://stackoverflow.com/a/8255627/1242922, and also give the output our desired order: command, then description.
Lastly, we arrange the output like a table.
我最喜欢的答案是Chris Down在Unix & Linux Stack Exchange上发布的。我将引用。
这是make的bash完成模块获取列表的方式:
使得qp | awk - f ': ' ' / ^ [a-zA-Z0-9] [^ $ # \ / \ t =]*:([^=]|$)/ { 分(1美元,/ /);(我的)打印一个[我]}’
它输出以换行符分隔的目标列表，不进行分页。
用户Brainstone建议使用sort -u来删除重复的条目:
make -qp | awk -F':' '/^[a-zA-Z0-9][^$#\/\t=]*:([^=]|$)/ {split($1,A,/ /);for(i in A)print A[i]}' | sort -u
来源:如何列出所有的目标在使?(unix和linux SE)
