如果没有另外两个概念:可迭代对象和迭代器协议，就很难回答这个问题。

What is difference between iterator and iterable? Conceptually you iterate over iterable with the help of corresponding iterator. There are a few differences that can help to distinguish iterator and iterable in practice: One difference is that iterator has __next__ method, iterable does not. Another difference - both of them contain __iter__ method. In case of iterable it returns the corresponding iterator. In case of iterator it returns itself. This can help to distinguish iterator and iterable in practice.

>>> x = [1, 2, 3]
>>> dir(x) 
[... __iter__ ...]
>>> x_iter = iter(x)
>>> dir(x_iter)
[... __iter__ ... __next__ ...]
>>> type(x_iter)
list_iterator

What are iterables in python? list, string, range etc. What are iterators? enumerate, zip, reversed etc. We may check this using the approach above. It's kind of confusing. Probably it would be easier if we have only one type. Is there any difference between range and zip? One of the reasons to do this - range has a lot of additional functionality - we may index it or check if it contains some number etc. (see details here). How can we create an iterator ourselves? Theoretically we may implement Iterator Protocol (see here). We need to write __next__ and __iter__ methods and raise StopIteration exception and so on (see Alex Martelli's answer for an example and possible motivation, see also here). But in practice we use generators. It seems to be by far the main method to create iterators in python.

我可以给你一些更有趣的例子，展示这些概念在实践中的一些令人困惑的用法:

in keras we have tf.keras.preprocessing.image.ImageDataGenerator; this class doesn't have __next__ and __iter__ methods; so it's not an iterator (or generator); if you call its flow_from_dataframe() method you'll get DataFrameIterator that has those methods; but it doesn't implement StopIteration (which is not common in build-in iterators in python); in documentation we may read that "A DataFrameIterator yielding tuples of (x, y)" - again confusing usage of terminology; we also have Sequence class in keras and that's custom implementation of a generator functionality (regular generators are not suitable for multithreading) but it doesn't implement __next__ and __iter__, rather it's a wrapper around generators (it uses yield statement);

我用一种非常简单的方式专门为Python新手编写，尽管Python在本质上做了很多事情。

让我们从最基本的开始:

考虑一个列表，

l = [1,2,3]

让我们写一个等效函数:

def f():
    return [1,2,3]

打印(l)的O /p: [1,2,3] & O /p打印(f()): [1,2,3]

让列表l可迭代:在python中，列表总是可迭代的，这意味着你可以在任何你想要的时候应用迭代器。

让我们在list上应用迭代器:

iter_l = iter(l) # iterator applied explicitly

让我们把一个函数设为可迭代的，也就是说，写一个等效的生成器函数。 在python中，只要你引入关键字yield;它变成了一个生成器函数，迭代器将隐式应用。

注意:每个生成器在应用隐式迭代器时总是可迭代的，这里隐式迭代器是关键 因此生成器函数将是:

def f():
  yield 1 
  yield 2
  yield 3

iter_f = f() # which is iter(f) as iterator is already applied implicitly

如果你观察到，一旦你让函数f成为一个生成器，它就已经是iter(f)

Now,

L是列表，在应用迭代器方法iter后，它变成， iter(左) F已经是iter(F)，在应用迭代器方法“iter”它 变成iter(iter(f))也就是iter(f)

这有点像你将int类型转换为int(x)它已经是int类型并且它将保持int(x)

例如o/p:

print(type(iter(iter(l))))

is

<class 'list_iterator'>

别忘了这是Python而不是C或c++

因此，由上述解释得出的结论是:

列出l ~= iter(l) 生成函数f == iter(f)

这篇文章涵盖了两者之间的许多细节差异，但想在两者之间的概念差异上添加一些东西:

[…GoF书中定义的迭代器从集合中检索项，而生成器可以“凭空”生成项。这就是为什么斐波那契序列生成器是一个常见的例子:无限级数的数字不能存储在一个集合中。

Ramalho,卢西亚诺。流利的Python(第415页)。O ' reilly媒体。Kindle版。

当然，它并没有涵盖所有的方面，但我认为它给出了一个很好的概念，当一个人是有用的。

无代码4行小抄:

A generator function is a function with yield in it.

A generator expression is like a list comprehension. It uses "()" vs "[]"

A generator object (often called 'a generator') is returned by both above.

A generator is also a subtype of iterator.

每个人都有一个非常漂亮和冗长的答案，我真的很感激。我只是想给那些在概念上还不太清楚的人一个简短的回答:

If you create your own iterator, it is a little bit involved - you have to create a class and at least implement the iter and the next methods. But what if you don't want to go through this hassle and want to quickly create an iterator. Fortunately, Python provides a short-cut way to defining an iterator. All you need to do is define a function with at least 1 call to yield and now when you call that function it will return "something" which will act like an iterator (you can call next method and use it in a for loop). This something has a name in Python called Generator

希望这能澄清一点。

之前的回答忽略了这一点:生成器有close方法，而典型的迭代器没有。close方法在生成器中触发StopIteration异常，该异常可能在迭代器中的finally子句中被捕获，以获得运行一些清理的机会。这种抽象使得它在大型迭代器中比简单迭代器更有用。可以像关闭文件一样关闭生成器，而不必担心下面有什么。

也就是说，我个人对第一个问题的回答是:iteratable只有__iter__方法，典型的迭代器只有__next__方法，生成器既有__iter__又有__next__，还有一个附加的close。

For the second question, my personal answer would be: in a public interface, I tend to favor generators a lot, since it’s more resilient: the close method an a greater composability with yield from. Locally, I may use iterators, but only if it’s a flat and simple structure (iterators does not compose easily) and if there are reasons to believe the sequence is rather short especially if it may be stopped before it reach the end. I tend to look at iterators as a low level primitive, except as literals.

对于控制流而言，生成器是一个与承诺同样重要的概念:两者都是抽象的和可组合的。