我有一个表，它是一个关于用户何时登录的集合条目。
username, date, value
--------------------------
brad, 1/2/2010, 1.1
fred, 1/3/2010, 1.0
bob, 8/4/2009, 1.5
brad, 2/2/2010, 1.2
fred, 12/2/2009, 1.3
etc..
我如何创建一个查询，将给我每个用户的最新日期?
更新:我忘记了我需要有一个值与最近的日期。
当前回答
SELECT DISTINCT Username, Dates,value
FROM TableName
WHERE Dates IN (SELECT MAX(Dates) FROM TableName GROUP BY Username)
Username Dates value
bob 2010-02-02 1.2
brad 2010-01-02 1.1
fred 2010-01-03 1.0
其他回答
SELECT t1.username, t1.date, value
FROM MyTable as t1
INNER JOIN (SELECT username, MAX(date)
FROM MyTable
GROUP BY username) as t2 ON t2.username = t1.username AND t2.date = t1.date
下面是在SQL Server中只返回每个用户最近记录的一种方法:
WITH CTE AS (
SELECT *, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY user_id ORDER BY date DESC) AS rn
FROM your_table
)
SELECT *
FROM CTE
WHERE rn = 1;
这使用一个公共表表达式(CTE)为每个用户的每条记录分配一个唯一的rn(行号)，基于user_id并按日期降序排序。最后一个查询只选择rn等于1的记录，这表示每个用户最近的记录。
对于Oracle，将结果集按降序排序，并获取第一个记录，因此您将获得最新的记录:
select * from mytable
where rownum = 1
order by date desc
根据我的经验，最快的方法是取表中没有新行的每一行。
另一个优点是所使用的语法非常简单，而且查询的含义相当容易掌握(取所有行，确保所考虑的用户名不存在更新的行)。
不存在
SELECT username, value
FROM t
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
SELECT *
FROM t AS witness
WHERE witness.username = t.username AND witness.date > t.date
);
ROW_NUMBER
SELECT username, value
FROM (
SELECT username, value, row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY username ORDER BY date DESC) AS rn
FROM t
) t2
WHERE rn = 1
内连接
SELECT t.username, t.value
FROM t
INNER JOIN (
SELECT username, MAX(date) AS date
FROM t
GROUP BY username
) tm ON t.username = tm.username AND t.date = tm.date;
左外连接
SELECT username, value
FROM t
LEFT OUTER JOIN t AS w ON t.username = w.username AND t.date < w.date
WHERE w.username IS NULL
我看到大多数开发人员在使用内联查询时没有考虑它对大数据的影响。
简单地说，你可以通过:
SELECT a.username, a.date, a.value
FROM myTable a
LEFT OUTER JOIN myTable b
ON a.username = b.username
AND a.date < b.date
WHERE b.username IS NULL
ORDER BY a.date desc;
