如果你运行phpMyAdmin >>选择数据库>>选择表>>到“操作”选项卡>>在“表选项”部分>>，你可以选择排序从下拉列表>>，一旦你按{go}在屏幕的顶部，你会看到一条消息:

您的SQL查询已成功执行

还有一个脚本

ALTER TABLE `tableName` CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci 

但是它不会改变现有列的排序规则。 为此，您可以使用这个脚本(这个脚本也来自phpMyAdmin)

ALTER TABLE  `tableName` CHANGE  `Name`  `Name` VARCHAR( 255 ) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL

生成查询以更新每个表和每个表的列。 我以前在我的一些项目中使用过这种方法，并且能够解决我的大部分COLLATION问题。(特别是在join上)

要使用，只需将结果导出为带分隔符的文本(可能是新行'\n')

每个表

SELECT CONCAT('ALTER TABLE `', TABLE_NAME, 
              '` CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;') 
       AS 'USE `DATABASE_NAME`;' 
FROM   INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES 
WHERE  TABLE_SCHEMA = 'DATABASE_NAME' 
       AND TABLE_TYPE LIKE 'BASE TABLE' 

每一列

SELECT CONCAT('ALTER TABLE `', TABLE_NAME, '` MODIFY COLUMN `', COLUMN_NAME,'` ', 
              DATA_TYPE, IF(CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH IS NULL 
       OR DATA_TYPE LIKE 'longtext', '', CONCAT('(', CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH, 
                                         ')') 
       ), ' COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;') AS 'USE `DATABASE_NAME`;' 
FROM   INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS 
WHERE  TABLE_SCHEMA = 'DATABASE_NAME' 
       AND (SELECT INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES.TABLE_TYPE 
            FROM   INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES 
            WHERE  INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES.TABLE_SCHEMA = 
                   INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS.TABLE_SCHEMA 
                   AND INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES.TABLE_NAME = 
                       INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS.TABLE_NAME 
            LIMIT  1) LIKE 'BASE TABLE' 
       AND DATA_TYPE IN ( 'char', 'varchar' ) /* include other types if necessary */

你需要单独转换每个表:

ALTER TABLE mytable CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 

(这同样可以转换列)，或者用latin1导出数据库，然后用utf8mb4导入。

修改数据库中所有表中所有字段的排序规则。

我只是通过前面提到的Php为表中的字段添加另一个循环到解决方案。这很有帮助，表中的所有字段也都转换了。

<?php
$con = mysql_connect('localhost','user','pw');
if(!$con) { echo "Cannot connect to the database ";die();}
mysql_select_db('database_name');
$result=mysql_query('show tables');
while($tables = mysql_fetch_array($result)) {

foreach ($tables as $key => $table) {                   // for each table

    $sql = "ALTER TABLE $table CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci";
    echo "\n".$sql;
    mysql_query($sql);

    $sql = "show fields in ".$table." where type like 'varchar%' or type like 'char%' or type='text' or type='mediumtext';";
    $rs2=mysql_query($sql);
    while( $rw2 = mysql_fetch_array($rs2) ){            // for each field in table

        $sql = "ALTER TABLE `".$table."` CHANGE `".$rw2['Field']."` `".$rw2['Field']."` ".$rw2['Type']." CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL;";
        echo "\n".$sql;
        mysql_query($sql);

    } 


}
}
echo "The collation of your database has been successfully changed!";

?>}

您可以在以下级别设置默认排序规则:

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/charset-syntax.html

1)客户端 2)服务器默认 3)数据库默认 4)表默认 5)列

你可以运行一个php脚本。

               <?php
                   $con = mysql_connect('localhost','user','password');
                   if(!$con) { echo "Cannot connect to the database ";die();}
                   mysql_select_db('dbname');
                   $result=mysql_query('show tables');
                   while($tables = mysql_fetch_array($result)) {
                            foreach ($tables as $key => $value) {
                             mysql_query("ALTER TABLE $value CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci");
                       }}
                   echo "The collation of your database has been successfully changed!";
                ?>