我正在用Python文本阅读Sweigart的《自动化无聊的东西》。我正在使用IDLE,并且已经安装了Selenium模块和Firefox浏览器。

每当我试图运行webdriver函数,我得到这个:

from selenium import webdriver
browser = webdriver.Firefox()

例外:

Exception ignored in: <bound method Service.__del__ of <selenium.webdriver.firefox.service.Service object at 0x00000249C0DA1080>>
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\service.py", line 163, in __del__
    self.stop()
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\service.py", line 135, in stop
    if self.process is None:
AttributeError: 'Service' object has no attribute 'process'
Exception ignored in: <bound method Service.__del__ of <selenium.webdriver.firefox.service.Service object at 0x00000249C0E08128>>
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\service.py", line 163, in __del__
    self.stop()
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\service.py", line 135, in stop
    if self.process is None:
AttributeError: 'Service' object has no attribute 'process'
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\service.py", line 64, in start
    stdout=self.log_file, stderr=self.log_file)
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\subprocess.py", line 947, in __init__
    restore_signals, start_new_session)
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\subprocess.py", line 1224, in _execute_child
    startupinfo)
FileNotFoundError: [WinError 2] The system cannot find the file specified

在处理上述异常时,发生了另一个异常:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#11>", line 1, in <module>
    browser = webdriver.Firefox()
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\firefox\webdriver.py", line 135, in __init__
    self.service.start()
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\service.py", line 71, in start
    os.path.basename(self.path), self.start_error_message)
selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: 'geckodriver' executable needs to be in PATH.

我想我需要为geckodriver设置路径,但我不确定如何,所以我该如何做到这一点?


当前回答

Selenium在他们的描述中回答了这个问题。rst文件:

司机 = = = = = = = Selenium需要一个驱动程序来与所选的浏览器交互。Firefox, 例如,需要geckodriver <https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases>_,在运行下面的示例之前需要安装它。确保它在你的PATH中,例如,将它放在/usr/bin或/usr/local/bin中。

如果没有注意到这一步,将会出现一个错误:selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: 'geckodriver'可执行文件需要在PATH中。

基本上只需要下载geckodriver,解包并将可执行文件移动到/usr/bin文件夹。

其他回答

避免这种错误的新方法是使用Conda环境。

使用conda install -c conda-forge geckodriver,你不需要在路径中添加任何东西,也不需要编辑代码!

在macOS v10.12.1 (Sierra)和Python 2.7.10上,这对我来说是有效的:

def download(url):
    firefox_capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.FIREFOX
    firefox_capabilities['marionette'] = True
    browser = webdriver.Firefox(capabilities=firefox_capabilities,
                                executable_path=r'/Users/Do01/Documents/crawler-env/geckodriver')
    browser.get(url)
    return browser.page_source

我用的是Windows 10和Anaconda 2。我尝试设置系统路径变量,但它没有工作。然后我简单地将geckodriver.exe文件添加到Anaconda 2/Scripts文件夹中,现在一切都很好了。

对我来说,这条路是:

C:\Users\Bhavya\Anaconda2\Scripts

也可以执行echo PATH (Linux),并将geckodriver移动到您喜欢的文件夹。如果目标是系统(而不是虚拟环境)文件夹,则驱动程序将成为全局可访问的。

对我来说,在相同的环境中安装geckodriver就足够了:

brew install geckodriver

代码并没有改变:

from selenium import webdriver
browser = webdriver.Firefox()