__attrs__给出了一个实例的属性列表。

>>> import requests
>>> r=requests.get('http://www.google.com')
>>> r.__attrs__
['_content', 'status_code', 'headers', 'url', 'history', 'encoding', 'reason', 'cookies', 'elapsed', 'request']
>>> r.url
'http://www.google.com/'
>>>

dir(instance)
# or (same value)
instance.__dir__()
# or
instance.__dict__

然后可以用type()测试类型是什么，或者用callable()测试是否为方法。

attributes_list = [attribute for attribute in dir(obj) if attribute[0].islower()]

你要这个干什么?如果不知道你的确切意图，可能很难得到最好的答案。

It is almost always better to do this manually if you want to display an instance of your class in a specific way. This will include exactly what you want and not include what you don't want, and the order will be predictable. If you are looking for a way to display the content of a class, manually format the attributes you care about and provide this as the __str__ or __repr__ method for your class. If you want to learn about what methods and such exist for an object to understand how it works, use help. help(a) will show you a formatted output about the object's class based on its docstrings. dir exists for programatically getting all the attributes of an object. (Accessing __dict__ does something I would group as the same but that I wouldn't use myself.) However, this may not include things you want and it may include things you do not want. It is unreliable and people think they want it a lot more often than they do. On a somewhat orthogonal note, there is very little support for Python 3 at the current time. If you are interested in writing real software you are going to want third-party stuff like numpy, lxml, Twisted, PIL, or any number of web frameworks that do not yet support Python 3 and do not have plans to any time too soon. The differences between 2.6 and the 3.x branch are small, but the difference in library support is huge.

请参阅已按顺序执行的python shell脚本，在这里您将获得以逗号分隔的字符串格式的类属性。

>>> class new_class():
...     def __init__(self, number):
...         self.multi = int(number)*2
...         self.str = str(number)
... 
>>> a = new_class(4)
>>> ",".join(a.__dict__.keys())
'str,multi'<br/>

我使用的是python 3.4

做这件事的方法不止一种:

#! /usr/bin/env python3
#
# This demonstrates how to pick the attiributes of an object

class C(object) :

  def __init__ (self, name="q" ):
    self.q = name
    self.m = "y?"

c = C()

print ( dir(c) )

当运行时，这段代码产生:

jeffs@jeff-desktop:~/skyset$ python3 attributes.py 
['__class__', '__delattr__', '__dict__', '__dir__', '__doc__',      '__eq__', '__format__', '__ge__', '__getattribute__', '__gt__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__le__', '__lt__', '__module__', '__ne__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__setattr__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook__', '__weakref__', 'm', 'q']

jeffs@jeff-desktop:~/skyset$