bt。

什么都没有。

我认为这是因为人们改变了他们的态度。人们过去相信，只要找到“好点子”，就能一夜暴富。如今，人们相信，回报最大的是执行过程，而不是发现过程。你有诸如“想法一毛钱一打”和“第二只老鼠得到奶酪”这样的咒语。因此，人们专注于开发现有的想法，而不是想出新的想法。

怪诞的开发风格(由Eric S Raymond在http://www.catb.org/~esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/cathedral-bazaar/中描述)。Raymond认为1991年Linus Tourvald发布的Linux内核是Bizarre开发风格的第一次使用。

在人机交互中使用物理学提供了另一种可理解的隐喻。这与手势和触觉相结合，很可能会取代70年代发明的、从80年代中后期开始普遍使用的当前常见GUI隐喻。

1980年的计算能力还不足以让这成为可能。我相信游戏可能引领了这一方向。iPod Touch/iPhone中的列表滚动交互便是一个很好的例子。交互机制依赖于动量和摩擦如何在现实世界中工作的直觉，以提供滚动项目列表的简单方法，而可用性依赖于导致滚动的物理手势。

采用面向对象。

这个想法早前就出现了(例如Simula)，但在20世纪90年代成为主流。(恕我直言，它最大的好处之一是在开发人员之间提供了一个通用的词汇表，所以它的广泛采用使它更有价值。)

上世纪八十年代初，施乐帕洛阿尔托研究中心对计算机蠕虫进行了研究。

摘自John Shoch和Jon Hupp的“蠕虫”程序——分布式计算的早期经验”(ACM通讯，1982年3月，第25卷第3期，172-180页，1982年3月):

In The Shockwave Rider, J. Brunner developed the notion of an omnipotent "tapeworm" program running loose through a network of computers - an idea which may seem rather disturbing, but which is also quite beyond our current capabilities. The basic model, however, remains a very provocative one: a program or a computation that can move from machine to machine, harnessing resources as needed, and replicating itself when necessary. In a similar vein, we once described a computational model based upon the classic science-fiction film, The Blob: a program that started out running in one machine, but as its appetite for computing cycles grew, it could reach out, find unused machines, and grow to encompass those resources. In the middle of the night, such a program could mobilize hundreds of machines in one building; in the morning, as users reclaimed their machines, the "blob" would have to retreat in an orderly manner, gathering up the intermediate results of its computation. Holed up in one or two machines during the day, the program could emerge again later as resources became available, again expanding the computation. (This affinity for nighttime exploration led one researcher to describe these as "vampire programs.")

引用艾伦·凯的话:“预测未来最好的方法就是创造未来。”