既然这里已经有了很多好的答案，我想给你一些其他的实际观点的信息，这是插入和迭代性能的比较:Java中的基元数组与链表。

这是实际的简单性能检查。因此，结果将取决于机器的性能。

用于此的源代码如下:

import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.LinkedList;

public class Array_vs_LinkedList {

    private final static int MAX_SIZE = 40000000;

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        LinkedList lList = new LinkedList(); 

        /* insertion performance check */

        long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();

        for (int i=0; i<MAX_SIZE; i++) {
            lList.add(i);
        }

        long stopTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        long elapsedTime = stopTime - startTime;
        System.out.println("[Insert]LinkedList insert operation with " + MAX_SIZE + " number of integer elapsed time is " + elapsedTime + " millisecond.");

        int[] arr = new int[MAX_SIZE];

        startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        for(int i=0; i<MAX_SIZE; i++){
            arr[i] = i; 
        }

        stopTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        elapsedTime = stopTime - startTime;
        System.out.println("[Insert]Array Insert operation with " + MAX_SIZE + " number of integer elapsed time is " + elapsedTime + " millisecond.");


        /* iteration performance check */

        startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();

        Iterator itr = lList.iterator();

        while(itr.hasNext()) {
            itr.next();
            // System.out.println("Linked list running : " + itr.next());
        }

        stopTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        elapsedTime = stopTime - startTime;
        System.out.println("[Loop]LinkedList iteration with " + MAX_SIZE + " number of integer elapsed time is " + elapsedTime + " millisecond.");


        startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();

        int t = 0;
        for (int i=0; i < MAX_SIZE; i++) {
            t = arr[i];
            // System.out.println("array running : " + i);
        }

        stopTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        elapsedTime = stopTime - startTime;
        System.out.println("[Loop]Array iteration with " + MAX_SIZE + " number of integer elapsed time is " + elapsedTime + " millisecond.");
    }
}

表现结果如下:

我建议您使用分析器来测试哪个更快。

我个人的观点是你应该使用列表。

我在一个大型代码库中工作，之前的一组开发人员在任何地方都使用数组。这使得代码非常不灵活。在将大块数据转换为列表后，我们发现速度没有变化。

Java的方式是，您应该考虑哪种数据抽象最适合您的需求。记住，在Java中，List是抽象的数据类型，而不是具体的数据类型。您应该将字符串声明为List，然后使用ArrayList实现初始化它。

List<String> strings = new ArrayList<String>();

抽象数据类型和特定实现的分离是面向对象编程的一个关键方面。

An ArrayList implements the List Abstract Data Type using an array as its underlying implementation. Access speed is virtually identical to an array, with the additional advantages of being able to add and subtract elements to a List (although this is an O(n) operation with an ArrayList) and that if you decide to change the underlying implementation later on you can. For example, if you realize you need synchronized access, you can change the implementation to a Vector without rewriting all your code.

事实上，ArrayList是专门为在大多数情况下替换低级数组构造而设计的。如果Java是今天设计的，那么完全有可能将数组完全排除在外，转而使用数组列表结构。

由于数组将所有数据保存在一个连续的内存块中(与list不同)，使用数组存储数千个字符串会导致问题吗?

In Java, all collections store only references to objects, not the objects themselves. Both arrays and ArrayList will store a few thousand references in a contiguous array, so they are essentially identical. You can consider that a contiguous block of a few thousand 32-bit references will always be readily available on modern hardware. This does not guarantee that you will not run out of memory altogether, of course, just that the contiguous block of memory requirement is not difficult to fufil.

数组列表在内部使用数组对象来添加(或存储)对象 元素。换句话说，ArrayList由Array数据支持 结构。ArrayList的数组是可调整大小的(或动态的)。

Array比ArrayList快，因为ArrayList内部使用数组。如果我们可以直接在数组中添加元素，而间接地在数组中添加元素 数组通过数组列表总是直接机制比间接机制快。

在ArrayList类中有两个重载的add()方法:

add(Object):将一个对象添加到列表末尾。 add(int index, Object):将指定对象插入到列表的指定位置。

数组列表的大小如何动态增长?

public boolean add(E e)        
{       
     ensureCapacity(size+1);
     elementData[size++] = e;         
     return true;
}

An important point to note from the above code is that we are checking the capacity of the ArrayList, before adding the element. ensureCapacity() determines what is the current size of occupied elements and what is the maximum size of the array. If the size of the filled elements (including the new element to be added to the ArrayList class) is greater than the maximum size of the array then increase the size of the array. But the size of the array can not be increased dynamically. So what happens internally is new Array is created with the capacity

到 Java 6

int newCapacity = (oldCapacity * 3)/2 + 1;

(更新)来自Java 7

 int newCapacity = oldCapacity + (oldCapacity >> 1);

此外，旧数组中的数据被复制到新数组中。

数组列表中有开销方法这就是为什么数组比数组列表快。

如果提前知道数据有多大，那么使用数组会更快。

List更加灵活。你可以使用由数组支持的数组列表。

A List更灵活....所以List比array更好