我已经使用Spring RestTemplate有一段时间了,当我试图调试它的请求和响应时,我总是碰壁。我基本上希望看到与打开“verbose”选项时使用curl时相同的东西。例如:

curl -v http://twitter.com/statuses/public_timeline.rss

将显示发送的数据和接收的数据(包括头、cookie等)。

我看了一些相关的帖子,比如: 如何在Spring RestTemplate中记录响应? 但我还没能解决这个问题。

实现这一点的一种方法是实际更改RestTemplate源代码,并在那里添加一些额外的日志记录语句,但我认为这种方法确实是最后的办法。应该有某种方法告诉Spring Web Client/RestTemplate以一种更友好的方式记录所有内容。

我的目标是能够用如下代码做到这一点:

restTemplate.put("http://someurl", objectToPut, urlPathValues);

然后在日志文件或控制台中获得相同类型的调试信息(就像我使用curl获得的一样)。 我相信这对于任何使用Spring RestTemplate并且遇到问题的人来说都是非常有用的。使用curl来调试RestTemplate问题是行不通的(在某些情况下)。


当前回答

参考Q/A,通过在HttpInputStream上启用多次读取来记录其余模板的请求和响应

为什么我的自定义ClientHttpRequestInterceptor与空响应

其他回答

正如在其他响应中所述,需要对响应体进行特殊处理,以便能够重复读取它(默认情况下,在第一次读取时使用其内容)。

在设置请求时,拦截器本身不使用BufferingClientHttpRequestFactory,而是可以包装响应,并确保内容被保留,并且可以重复读取(由记录器和响应的消费者):

我的拦截器

使用包装器缓冲响应体 更紧凑的方式 记录状态码标识符(例如201创建) 包含一个请求序列号,可以方便地将并发日志条目与多个线程区分开来

代码:

public class LoggingInterceptor implements ClientHttpRequestInterceptor {

    private final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
    private AtomicInteger requestNumberSequence = new AtomicInteger(0);

    @Override
    public ClientHttpResponse intercept(HttpRequest request, byte[] body, ClientHttpRequestExecution execution) throws IOException {
        int requestNumber = requestNumberSequence.incrementAndGet();
        logRequest(requestNumber, request, body);
        ClientHttpResponse response = execution.execute(request, body);
        response = new BufferedClientHttpResponse(response);
        logResponse(requestNumber, response);
        return response;
    }

    private void logRequest(int requestNumber, HttpRequest request, byte[] body) {
        if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
            String prefix = requestNumber + " > ";
            log.debug("{} Request: {} {}", prefix, request.getMethod(), request.getURI());
            log.debug("{} Headers: {}", prefix, request.getHeaders());
            if (body.length > 0) {
                log.debug("{} Body: \n{}", prefix, new String(body, StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
            }
        }
    }

    private void logResponse(int requestNumber, ClientHttpResponse response) throws IOException {
        if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
            String prefix = requestNumber + " < ";
            log.debug("{} Response: {} {} {}", prefix, response.getStatusCode(), response.getStatusCode().name(), response.getStatusText());
            log.debug("{} Headers: {}", prefix, response.getHeaders());
            String body = StreamUtils.copyToString(response.getBody(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
            if (body.length() > 0) {
                log.debug("{} Body: \n{}", prefix, body);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Wrapper around ClientHttpResponse, buffers the body so it can be read repeatedly (for logging & consuming the result).
     */
    private static class BufferedClientHttpResponse implements ClientHttpResponse {

        private final ClientHttpResponse response;
        private byte[] body;

        public BufferedClientHttpResponse(ClientHttpResponse response) {
            this.response = response;
        }

        @Override
        public HttpStatus getStatusCode() throws IOException {
            return response.getStatusCode();
        }

        @Override
        public int getRawStatusCode() throws IOException {
            return response.getRawStatusCode();
        }

        @Override
        public String getStatusText() throws IOException {
            return response.getStatusText();
        }

        @Override
        public void close() {
            response.close();
        }

        @Override
        public InputStream getBody() throws IOException {
            if (body == null) {
                body = StreamUtils.copyToByteArray(response.getBody());
            }
            return new ByteArrayInputStream(body);
        }

        @Override
        public HttpHeaders getHeaders() {
            return response.getHeaders();
        }
    }
}

配置:

 @Bean
    public RestTemplateBuilder restTemplateBuilder() {
        return new RestTemplateBuilder()
                .additionalInterceptors(Collections.singletonList(new LoggingInterceptor()));
    }

日志输出示例:

2018-10-08 10:58:53 [main] DEBUG x.y.z.LoggingInterceptor - 2 >  Request: POST http://localhost:53969/payment/v4/private/payment-lists/10022/templates
2018-10-08 10:58:53 [main] DEBUG x.y.z.LoggingInterceptor - 2 >  Headers: {Accept=[application/json, application/json], Content-Type=[application/json;charset=UTF-8], Content-Length=[986]}
2018-10-08 10:58:53 [main] DEBUG x.y.z.LoggingInterceptor - 2 >  Body: 
{"idKey":null, ...}
2018-10-08 10:58:53 [main] DEBUG x.y.z.LoggingInterceptor - 2 <  Response: 200 OK 
2018-10-08 10:58:53 [main] DEBUG x.y.z.LoggingInterceptor - 2 <  Headers: {Content-Type=[application/json;charset=UTF-8], Transfer-Encoding=[chunked], Date=[Mon, 08 Oct 2018 08:58:53 GMT]}
2018-10-08 10:58:53 [main] DEBUG x.y.z.LoggingInterceptor - 2 <  Body: 
{ "idKey" : "10022", ...  }

最好的方法是向应用程序添加loggging.level.org.springframework.web.client.resttemplate =DEBUG。属性文件。

其他解决方案,如设置log4j.logger.httpclient。wire不会总是工作,因为它们假设您使用log4j和Apache HttpClient,这并不总是正确的。

但是请注意,此语法仅适用于最新版本的Spring Boot。

奇怪的是,这些解决方案都不能工作,因为RestTemplate似乎不会在某些客户机和服务器上返回500x错误的响应。在这种情况下,您还必须通过实现ResponseErrorHandler来记录这些日志,如下所示。这是一个代码草案,但你明白了:

你可以设置与错误处理程序相同的拦截器:

restTemplate.getInterceptors().add(interceptor);
restTemplate.setRequestFactory(new BufferingClientHttpRequestFactory(new SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory()));
restTemplate.setErrorHandler(interceptor);

拦截实现了两个接口:

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.http.HttpRequest;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus.Series;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestExecution;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestInterceptor;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpResponse;
import org.springframework.web.client.DefaultResponseErrorHandler;
import org.springframework.web.client.ResponseErrorHandler;

public class LoggingRequestInterceptor implements ClientHttpRequestInterceptor, ResponseErrorHandler {
    static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoggingRequestInterceptor.class);
    static final DefaultResponseErrorHandler defaultResponseErrorHandler = new DefaultResponseErrorHandler();
    final Set<Series> loggableStatuses = new HashSet();

    public LoggingRequestInterceptor() {
    }

    public LoggingRequestInterceptor(Set<Series> loggableStatuses) {
        loggableStatuses.addAll(loggableStatuses);
    }

    public ClientHttpResponse intercept(HttpRequest request, byte[] body, ClientHttpRequestExecution execution) throws IOException {
        this.traceRequest(request, body);
        ClientHttpResponse response = execution.execute(request, body);
        if(response != null) {
            this.traceResponse(response);
        }

        return response;
    }

    private void traceRequest(HttpRequest request, byte[] body) throws IOException {
        log.debug("===========================request begin================================================");
        log.debug("URI         : {}", request.getURI());
        log.debug("Method      : {}", request.getMethod());
        log.debug("Headers     : {}", request.getHeaders());
        log.debug("Request body: {}", new String(body, "UTF-8"));
        log.debug("==========================request end================================================");
    }

    private void traceResponse(ClientHttpResponse response) throws IOException {
        if(this.loggableStatuses.isEmpty() || this.loggableStatuses.contains(response.getStatusCode().series())) {
            StringBuilder inputStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();

            try {
                BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(response.getBody(), "UTF-8"));

                for(String line = bufferedReader.readLine(); line != null; line = bufferedReader.readLine()) {
                    inputStringBuilder.append(line);
                    inputStringBuilder.append('\n');
                }
            } catch (Throwable var5) {
                log.error("cannot read response due to error", var5);
            }

            log.debug("============================response begin==========================================");
            log.debug("Status code  : {}", response.getStatusCode());
            log.debug("Status text  : {}", response.getStatusText());
            log.debug("Headers      : {}", response.getHeaders());
            log.debug("Response body: {}", inputStringBuilder.toString());
            log.debug("=======================response end=================================================");
        }

    }

    public boolean hasError(ClientHttpResponse response) throws IOException {
        return defaultResponseErrorHandler.hasError(response);
    }

    public void handleError(ClientHttpResponse response) throws IOException {
        this.traceResponse(response);
        defaultResponseErrorHandler.handleError(response);
    }
}

正如@MilacH指出的,在实现中有一个错误。如果返回statusCode > 400,则从拦截器抛出IOException,因为没有调用errorHandler。可以忽略异常,然后在处理程序方法中再次捕获异常。

package net.sprd.fulfillment.common;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.http.HttpRequest;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestExecution;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestInterceptor;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpResponse;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_8;

public class LoggingRequestInterceptor implements ClientHttpRequestInterceptor {

    final static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoggingRequestInterceptor.class);

    @SuppressWarnings("HardcodedLineSeparator")
    public static final char LINE_BREAK = '\n';

    @Override
    public ClientHttpResponse intercept(HttpRequest request, byte[] body, ClientHttpRequestExecution execution) throws IOException {
        try {
            traceRequest(request, body);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.warn("Exception in LoggingRequestInterceptor while tracing request", e);
        }

        ClientHttpResponse response = execution.execute(request, body);

        try {
            traceResponse(response);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // ignore the exception here, as it will be handled by the error handler of the restTemplate
            log.warn("Exception in LoggingRequestInterceptor", e);
        }
        return response;
    }

    private void traceRequest(HttpRequest request, byte[] body) {
        log.info("===========================request begin================================================");
        log.info("URI         : {}", request.getURI());
        log.info("Method      : {}", request.getMethod());
        log.info("Headers     : {}", request.getHeaders());
        log.info("Request body: {}", new String(body, UTF_8));
        log.info("==========================request end================================================");
    }

    private void traceResponse(ClientHttpResponse response) throws IOException {
        StringBuilder inputStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
        try (BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(response.getBody(), UTF_8))) {
            String line = bufferedReader.readLine();
            while (line != null) {
                inputStringBuilder.append(line);
                inputStringBuilder.append(LINE_BREAK);
                line = bufferedReader.readLine();
            }
        }

        log.info("============================response begin==========================================");
        log.info("Status code  : {}", response.getStatusCode());
        log.info("Status text  : {}", response.getStatusText());
        log.info("Headers      : {}", response.getHeaders());
        log.info("Response body: {}", inputStringBuilder);
        log.info("=======================response end=================================================");
    }

}

这些答案都不能完全解决问题。Mjj1409实现了大部分功能,但方便地避免了记录响应的问题,因为这需要更多的工作。Paul Sabou提供了一个看似现实的解决方案,但没有提供足够的细节来实际实现(对我来说根本没用)。Sofiene得到了日志记录,但遇到了一个严重的问题:响应不再可读,因为输入流已经被消耗了!

我建议使用BufferingClientHttpResponseWrapper来包装响应对象,以允许多次读取响应体:

public class LoggingRequestInterceptor implements ClientHttpRequestInterceptor {

    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoggingRequestInterceptor.class);

    @Override
    public ClientHttpResponse intercept(final HttpRequest request, final byte[] body,
            final ClientHttpRequestExecution execution) throws IOException {
        ClientHttpResponse response = execution.execute(request, body);

        response = log(request, body, response);

        return response;
    }

    private ClientHttpResponse log(final HttpRequest request, final byte[] body, final ClientHttpResponse response) {
        final ClientHttpResponse responseCopy = new BufferingClientHttpResponseWrapper(response);
        logger.debug("Method: ", request.getMethod().toString());
        logger.debug("URI: ", , request.getURI().toString());
        logger.debug("Request Body: " + new String(body));
        logger.debug("Response body: " + IOUtils.toString(responseCopy.getBody()));
        return responseCopy;
    }

}

这将不会消耗InputStream,因为响应体被加载到内存中,可以多次读取。如果你的类路径上没有BufferingClientHttpResponseWrapper,你可以在这里找到简单的实现:

https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-android/blob/master/spring-android-rest-template/src/main/java/org/springframework/http/client/BufferingClientHttpResponseWrapper.java

设置RestTemplate:

LoggingRequestInterceptor loggingInterceptor = new LoggingRequestInterceptor();
restTemplate.getInterceptors().add(loggingInterceptor);