使用RecyclerView创建动态列表:

当我们创建一个RecyclerView时。适配器我们必须指定ViewHolder,它将绑定到适配器。

public class MyAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<MyAdapter.ViewHolder> {

    private String[] mDataset;

    public MyAdapter(String[] myDataset) {
        mDataset = myDataset;
    }

    public static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
        public TextView mTextView;
        public ViewHolder(TextView v) {
            super(v);
            mTextView = v;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public MyAdapter.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
        View v = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.some_layout, parent, false);

        //findViewById...

        ViewHolder vh = new ViewHolder(v);
        return vh;
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position) {
        holder.mTextView.setText(mDataset[position]);
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return mDataset.length;
    }
}

有可能创建多个视图类型的RecyclerView吗?


当前回答

我有一个更好的解决方案,它允许以声明性和类型安全的方式创建多个视图类型。它是用Kotlin写的,顺便说一下,这真的很棒。

所有所需视图类型的简单视图持有者

class ViewHolderMedium(itemView: View) : RecyclerView.ViewHolder(itemView) {
    val icon: ImageView = itemView.findViewById(R.id.icon) as ImageView
    val label: TextView = itemView.findViewById(R.id.label) as TextView
}

有一个适配器数据项的抽象。注意,视图类型由特定视图持有者类(Kotlin中的KClass)的hashCode表示。

trait AdapterItem {
   val viewType: Int
   fun bindViewHolder(viewHolder: RecyclerView.ViewHolder)
}

abstract class AdapterItemBase<T>(val viewHolderClass: KClass<T>) : AdapterItem {
   override val viewType: Int = viewHolderClass.hashCode()
   abstract fun bindViewHolder(viewHolder: T)
   override fun bindViewHolder(viewHolder: RecyclerView.ViewHolder) {
       bindViewHolder(viewHolder as T)
   }
}

只有bindViewHolder需要在具体的适配器项类中重写(类型安全的方式)。

class AdapterItemMedium(val icon: Drawable, val label: String, val onClick: () -> Unit) : AdapterItemBase<ViewHolderMedium>(ViewHolderMedium::class) {
    override fun bindViewHolder(viewHolder: ViewHolderMedium) {
        viewHolder.icon.setImageDrawable(icon)
        viewHolder.label.setText(label)
        viewHolder.itemView.setOnClickListener { onClick() }
    }
}

这样的AdapterItemMedium对象的列表是适配器的数据源,它实际上接受List<AdapterItem>。见下文。

这个解决方案的重要部分是视图持有者工厂,它将提供特定ViewHolder的新实例:

class ViewHolderProvider {
    private val viewHolderFactories = hashMapOf<Int, Pair<Int, Any>>()

    fun provideViewHolder(viewGroup: ViewGroup, viewType: Int): RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
        val (layoutId: Int, f: Any) = viewHolderFactories.get(viewType)
        val viewHolderFactory = f as (View) -> RecyclerView.ViewHolder
        val view = LayoutInflater.from(viewGroup.getContext()).inflate(layoutId, viewGroup, false)
        return viewHolderFactory(view)
    }

    fun registerViewHolderFactory<T>(key: KClass<T>, layoutId: Int, viewHolderFactory: (View) -> T) {
        viewHolderFactories.put(key.hashCode(), Pair(layoutId, viewHolderFactory))
    }
}

简单的适配器类是这样的:

public class MultitypeAdapter(val items: List<AdapterItem>) : RecyclerView.Adapter<RecyclerView.ViewHolder>() {

   val viewHolderProvider = ViewHolderProvider() // inject ex Dagger2

   init {
        viewHolderProvider!!.registerViewHolderFactory(ViewHolderMedium::class, R.layout.item_medium, { itemView ->
            ViewHolderMedium(itemView)
        })
   }

   override fun getItemViewType(position: Int): Int {
        return items[position].viewType
    }

    override fun getItemCount(): Int {
        return items.size()
    }

    override fun onCreateViewHolder(viewGroup: ViewGroup, viewType: Int): RecyclerView.ViewHolder? {
        return viewHolderProvider!!.provideViewHolder(viewGroup, viewType)
    }

    override fun onBindViewHolder(viewHolder: RecyclerView.ViewHolder, position: Int) {
        items[position].bindViewHolder(viewHolder)
    }
}

创建一个新的视图类型只需要三个步骤:

创建一个视图持有者类 创建一个适配器项类(从AdapterItemBase扩展) 在ViewHolderProvider中注册视图持有者类

下面是这个概念的一个例子:android-drawer-template。

它甚至更进一步—视图类型充当旋转组件,具有可选择的适配器项。

其他回答

我推荐汉内斯·多夫曼的这个图书馆。它将所有与特定视图类型相关的逻辑封装在一个名为“AdapterDelegate”的单独对象中。

https://github.com/sockeqwe/AdapterDelegates

public class CatAdapterDelegate extends AdapterDelegate<List<Animal>> {

  private LayoutInflater inflater;

  public CatAdapterDelegate(Activity activity) {
    inflater = activity.getLayoutInflater();
  }

  @Override public boolean isForViewType(@NonNull List<Animal> items, int position) {
    return items.get(position) instanceof Cat;
  }

  @NonNull @Override public RecyclerView.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent) {
    return new CatViewHolder(inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_cat, parent, false));
  }

  @Override public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull List<Animal> items, int position,
      @NonNull RecyclerView.ViewHolder holder, @Nullable List<Object> payloads) {

    CatViewHolder vh = (CatViewHolder) holder;
    Cat cat = (Cat) items.get(position);

    vh.name.setText(cat.getName());
  }

  static class CatViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {

    public TextView name;

    public CatViewHolder(View itemView) {
      super(itemView);
      name = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.name);
    }
  }
}

public class AnimalAdapter extends ListDelegationAdapter<List<Animal>> {

  public AnimalAdapter(Activity activity, List<Animal> items) {

    // DelegatesManager is a protected Field in ListDelegationAdapter
    delegatesManager.addDelegate(new CatAdapterDelegate(activity))
                    .addDelegate(new DogAdapterDelegate(activity))
                    .addDelegate(new GeckoAdapterDelegate(activity))
                    .addDelegate(23, new SnakeAdapterDelegate(activity));

    // Set the items from super class.
    setItems(items);
  }
}

我有一个更好的解决方案,它允许以声明性和类型安全的方式创建多个视图类型。它是用Kotlin写的,顺便说一下,这真的很棒。

所有所需视图类型的简单视图持有者

class ViewHolderMedium(itemView: View) : RecyclerView.ViewHolder(itemView) {
    val icon: ImageView = itemView.findViewById(R.id.icon) as ImageView
    val label: TextView = itemView.findViewById(R.id.label) as TextView
}

有一个适配器数据项的抽象。注意,视图类型由特定视图持有者类(Kotlin中的KClass)的hashCode表示。

trait AdapterItem {
   val viewType: Int
   fun bindViewHolder(viewHolder: RecyclerView.ViewHolder)
}

abstract class AdapterItemBase<T>(val viewHolderClass: KClass<T>) : AdapterItem {
   override val viewType: Int = viewHolderClass.hashCode()
   abstract fun bindViewHolder(viewHolder: T)
   override fun bindViewHolder(viewHolder: RecyclerView.ViewHolder) {
       bindViewHolder(viewHolder as T)
   }
}

只有bindViewHolder需要在具体的适配器项类中重写(类型安全的方式)。

class AdapterItemMedium(val icon: Drawable, val label: String, val onClick: () -> Unit) : AdapterItemBase<ViewHolderMedium>(ViewHolderMedium::class) {
    override fun bindViewHolder(viewHolder: ViewHolderMedium) {
        viewHolder.icon.setImageDrawable(icon)
        viewHolder.label.setText(label)
        viewHolder.itemView.setOnClickListener { onClick() }
    }
}

这样的AdapterItemMedium对象的列表是适配器的数据源,它实际上接受List<AdapterItem>。见下文。

这个解决方案的重要部分是视图持有者工厂,它将提供特定ViewHolder的新实例:

class ViewHolderProvider {
    private val viewHolderFactories = hashMapOf<Int, Pair<Int, Any>>()

    fun provideViewHolder(viewGroup: ViewGroup, viewType: Int): RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
        val (layoutId: Int, f: Any) = viewHolderFactories.get(viewType)
        val viewHolderFactory = f as (View) -> RecyclerView.ViewHolder
        val view = LayoutInflater.from(viewGroup.getContext()).inflate(layoutId, viewGroup, false)
        return viewHolderFactory(view)
    }

    fun registerViewHolderFactory<T>(key: KClass<T>, layoutId: Int, viewHolderFactory: (View) -> T) {
        viewHolderFactories.put(key.hashCode(), Pair(layoutId, viewHolderFactory))
    }
}

简单的适配器类是这样的:

public class MultitypeAdapter(val items: List<AdapterItem>) : RecyclerView.Adapter<RecyclerView.ViewHolder>() {

   val viewHolderProvider = ViewHolderProvider() // inject ex Dagger2

   init {
        viewHolderProvider!!.registerViewHolderFactory(ViewHolderMedium::class, R.layout.item_medium, { itemView ->
            ViewHolderMedium(itemView)
        })
   }

   override fun getItemViewType(position: Int): Int {
        return items[position].viewType
    }

    override fun getItemCount(): Int {
        return items.size()
    }

    override fun onCreateViewHolder(viewGroup: ViewGroup, viewType: Int): RecyclerView.ViewHolder? {
        return viewHolderProvider!!.provideViewHolder(viewGroup, viewType)
    }

    override fun onBindViewHolder(viewHolder: RecyclerView.ViewHolder, position: Int) {
        items[position].bindViewHolder(viewHolder)
    }
}

创建一个新的视图类型只需要三个步骤:

创建一个视图持有者类 创建一个适配器项类(从AdapterItemBase扩展) 在ViewHolderProvider中注册视图持有者类

下面是这个概念的一个例子:android-drawer-template。

它甚至更进一步—视图类型充当旋转组件,具有可选择的适配器项。

如果视图类型的布局很少,而且绑定逻辑很简单,那么请遵循Anton的解决方案。但是,如果需要管理复杂的布局和绑定逻辑,代码就会很混乱。

我相信下面的解决方案对于需要处理复杂视图类型的人是有用的。

基本DataBinder类

abstract public class DataBinder<T extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder> {

    private DataBindAdapter mDataBindAdapter;

    public DataBinder(DataBindAdapter dataBindAdapter) {
        mDataBindAdapter = dataBindAdapter;
    }

    abstract public T newViewHolder(ViewGroup parent);

    abstract public void bindViewHolder(T holder, int position);

    abstract public int getItemCount();

......

}

在这个类中需要定义的函数与创建单一视图类型时的适配器类几乎相同。

对于每个视图类型,通过扩展这个DataBinder来创建类。

样例DataBinder类

public class Sample1Binder extends DataBinder<Sample1Binder.ViewHolder> {

    private List<String> mDataSet = new ArrayList();

    public Sample1Binder(DataBindAdapter dataBindAdapter) {
        super(dataBindAdapter);
    }

    @Override
    public ViewHolder newViewHolder(ViewGroup parent) {
        View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(
            R.layout.layout_sample1, parent, false);
        return new ViewHolder(view);
    }

    @Override
    public void bindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position) {
        String title = mDataSet.get(position);
        holder.mTitleText.setText(title);
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return mDataSet.size();
    }

    public void setDataSet(List<String> dataSet) {
        mDataSet.addAll(dataSet);
    }

    static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {

        TextView mTitleText;

        public ViewHolder(View view) {
            super(view);
            mTitleText = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.title_type1);
        }
    }
}

为了管理DataBinder类,需要创建一个适配器类。

基DataBindAdapter类

abstract public class DataBindAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<RecyclerView.ViewHolder> {

    @Override
    public RecyclerView.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
        return getDataBinder(viewType).newViewHolder(parent);
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(RecyclerView.ViewHolder viewHolder, int position) {
        int binderPosition = getBinderPosition(position);
        getDataBinder(viewHolder.getItemViewType()).bindViewHolder(viewHolder, binderPosition);
    }

    @Override
    public abstract int getItemCount();

    @Override
    public abstract int getItemViewType(int position);

    public abstract <T extends DataBinder> T getDataBinder(int viewType);

    public abstract int getPosition(DataBinder binder, int binderPosition);

    public abstract int getBinderPosition(int position);

......

}

通过扩展这个基类来创建类,然后实例化DataBinder类并覆盖抽象方法

getItemCount 返回DataBinders的项目总数 getItemViewType 定义适配器位置和视图类型之间的映射逻辑。 getDataBinder 根据视图类型返回DataBinder实例 getPosition 定义从指定DataBinder中的位置到适配器位置的转换逻辑 getBinderPosition 定义从适配器位置到DataBinder中的位置的转换逻辑

我在GitHub上留下了更详细的解决方案和示例,所以如果你需要,请参考RecyclerView-MultipleViewTypeAdapter。

首先,必须创建两个布局XML文件。之后,在recyclerview适配器中,TYPE_CALL和TYPE_EMAIL是两个静态值,分别为适配器类中的1和2。

现在在Recycler视图Adapter类级别定义两个静态值,例如:private static int TYPE_EMAIL = 2;

现在创建多个视图的视图持有者,如下所示:

class CallViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {

    private TextView txtName;
    private TextView txtAddress;

    CallViewHolder(@NonNull View itemView) {
        super(itemView);
        txtName = itemView.findViewById(R.id.txtName);
        txtAddress = itemView.findViewById(R.id.txtAddress);
    }
}

class EmailViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {

    private TextView txtName;
    private TextView txtAddress;

    EmailViewHolder(@NonNull View itemView) {
        super(itemView);
        txtName = itemView.findViewById(R.id.txtName);
        txtAddress = itemView.findViewById(R.id.txtAddress);
    }
}

现在在recyclerview适配器的onCreateViewHolder和onBindViewHolder方法中编写如下代码:

@NonNull
@Override
public RecyclerView.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(@NonNull ViewGroup viewGroup, int viewType) {
    View view;
    if (viewType == TYPE_CALL) { // for call layout
        view = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.item_call, viewGroup, false);
        return new CallViewHolder(view);

    } else { // for email layout
        view = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.item_email, viewGroup, false);
        return new EmailViewHolder(view);
    }
}

@Override
public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull RecyclerView.ViewHolder viewHolder, int position) {
    if (getItemViewType(position) == TYPE_CALL) {
        ((CallViewHolder) viewHolder).setCallDetails(employees.get(position));
    } else {
        ((EmailViewHolder) viewHolder).setEmailDetails(employees.get(position));
    }
}

如果有人有兴趣看看用Kotlin编写的超级简单的解决方案,请查看我刚刚创建的博客文章。博客中的例子是基于创建Sectioned RecyclerView的:

https://brona.blog/2020/06/sectioned-recyclerview-in-three-steps/