好吧，所以我最终用我在这里写的代码，在我的网站上链接是死的，在archive.org上查看(也可在GitHub上)。我可以以以下方式使用它:

from filelock import FileLock

with FileLock("myfile.txt"):
    # work with the file as it is now locked
    print("Lock acquired.")

我更喜欢lockfile——平台独立的文件锁定

这招对我很管用: 不占用大文件，分布在几个小文件中 创建文件Temp，删除文件A，然后将文件Temp重命名为A。

import os
import json

def Server():
    i = 0
    while i == 0:
        try:        
                with open(File_Temp, "w") as file:
                    json.dump(DATA, file, indent=2)
                if os.path.exists(File_A):
                    os.remove(File_A)
                os.rename(File_Temp, File_A)
                i = 1
        except OSError as e:
                print ("file locked: " ,str(e))
                time.sleep(1)
            
            
def Clients():
    i = 0
    while i == 0:
        try:
            if os.path.exists(File_A):
                with open(File_A,"r") as file:
                    DATA_Temp = file.read()
            DATA = json.loads(DATA_Temp)
            i = 1
        except OSError as e:
            print (str(e))
            time.sleep(1)

锁定是平台和设备特定的，但一般来说，你有几个选择:

Use flock(), or equivalent (if your os supports it). This is advisory locking, unless you check for the lock, it's ignored. Use a lock-copy-move-unlock methodology, where you copy the file, write the new data, then move it (move, not copy - move is an atomic operation in Linux -- check your OS), and you check for the existence of the lock file. Use a directory as a "lock". This is necessary if you're writing to NFS, since NFS doesn't support flock(). There's also the possibility of using shared memory between the processes, but I've never tried that; it's very OS-specific.

对于所有这些方法，您必须使用自旋锁(失败后重试)技术来获取和测试锁。这确实为错误同步留下了一个小窗口，但它通常小到不会成为一个大问题。

如果您正在寻找跨平台的解决方案，那么您最好通过其他机制将日志记录到另一个系统(其次是上面的NFS技术)。

请注意，sqlite在NFS上受到与普通文件相同的约束，因此您不能在网络共享上写入sqlite数据库并免费获得同步。

其他解决方案引用了大量的外部代码库。如果您更愿意自己动手，这里有一些跨平台解决方案的代码，在Linux / DOS系统上使用各自的文件锁定工具。

try:
    # Posix based file locking (Linux, Ubuntu, MacOS, etc.)
    #   Only allows locking on writable files, might cause
    #   strange results for reading.
    import fcntl, os
    def lock_file(f):
        if f.writable(): fcntl.lockf(f, fcntl.LOCK_EX)
    def unlock_file(f):
        if f.writable(): fcntl.lockf(f, fcntl.LOCK_UN)
except ModuleNotFoundError:
    # Windows file locking
    import msvcrt, os
    def file_size(f):
        return os.path.getsize( os.path.realpath(f.name) )
    def lock_file(f):
        msvcrt.locking(f.fileno(), msvcrt.LK_RLCK, file_size(f))
    def unlock_file(f):
        msvcrt.locking(f.fileno(), msvcrt.LK_UNLCK, file_size(f))


# Class for ensuring that all file operations are atomic, treat
# initialization like a standard call to 'open' that happens to be atomic.
# This file opener *must* be used in a "with" block.
class AtomicOpen:
    # Open the file with arguments provided by user. Then acquire
    # a lock on that file object (WARNING: Advisory locking).
    def __init__(self, path, *args, **kwargs):
        # Open the file and acquire a lock on the file before operating
        self.file = open(path,*args, **kwargs)
        # Lock the opened file
        lock_file(self.file)

    # Return the opened file object (knowing a lock has been obtained).
    def __enter__(self, *args, **kwargs): return self.file

    # Unlock the file and close the file object.
    def __exit__(self, exc_type=None, exc_value=None, traceback=None):        
        # Flush to make sure all buffered contents are written to file.
        self.file.flush()
        os.fsync(self.file.fileno())
        # Release the lock on the file.
        unlock_file(self.file)
        self.file.close()
        # Handle exceptions that may have come up during execution, by
        # default any exceptions are raised to the user.
        if (exc_type != None): return False
        else:                  return True        

现在，AtomicOpen可以在with块中使用，而在这里通常使用open语句。

警告:

如果在Windows上运行并且Python在调用exit之前崩溃，我不确定锁的行为是什么。 这里提供的锁定是建议的，而不是绝对的。所有潜在的竞争进程必须使用“AtomicOpen”类。 截至2020年11月9日，此代码仅锁定Posix系统上的可写文件。在发布之后的某一时刻，在此日期之前，使用fcntl是非法的。锁定只读文件。

好吧，所以我最终用我在这里写的代码，在我的网站上链接是死的，在archive.org上查看(也可在GitHub上)。我可以以以下方式使用它:

from filelock import FileLock

with FileLock("myfile.txt"):
    # work with the file as it is now locked
    print("Lock acquired.")