显式等

public static  WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 60);

例子:

wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(UiprofileCre.UiaddChangeUserLink));

在Selenium IDE中选择Webdriver格式时，clickAndWait命令不会转换。这里有一个变通办法。添加下面的等候线。实际上，问题是在我的c#代码中的一行1之前发生的单击或事件。但实际上，只要确保在引用By对象的任何操作之前都有一个WaitForElement。

HTML代码:

<a href="http://www.google.com">xxxxx</a>

c# / NUnit代码:

driver.FindElement(By.LinkText("z")).Click;
driver.WaitForElement(By.LinkText("xxxxx"));
driver.FindElement(By.LinkText("xxxxx")).Click();

我混淆了匿名函数和谓词。这里有一个小帮手方法:

   WebDriverWait wait;
    private void waitForById(string id)
    {
        if (wait == null)
            wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, new TimeSpan(0, 0, 5));

        //wait.Until(driver);
        wait.Until(d => d.FindElement(By.Id(id)));
    }

你也可以使用隐式等待:

driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitWait = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10);

隐式等待是告诉WebDriver轮询DOM 在试图找到一个或多个元素时的时间 暂时不可用。默认设置为0。设置好后， 为WebDriver对象实例的生命周期设置隐式等待。

下面是Loudenvier解决方案的一个变体，它也适用于获得多个元素:

public static class WebDriverExtensions
{
    public static IWebElement FindElement(this IWebDriver driver, By by, int timeoutInSeconds)
    {
        if (timeoutInSeconds > 0)
        {
            var wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(timeoutInSeconds));
            return wait.Until(drv => drv.FindElement(by));
        }
        return driver.FindElement(by);
    }

    public static ReadOnlyCollection<IWebElement> FindElements(this IWebDriver driver, By by, int timeoutInSeconds)
    {
        if (timeoutInSeconds > 0)
        {
            var wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(timeoutInSeconds));
            return wait.Until(drv => (drv.FindElements(by).Count > 0) ? drv.FindElements(by) : null);
        }
        return driver.FindElements(by);
    }
}

使用Rn222的答案和akns1的答案来使用ISearchContext，返回单个元素或列表。并且可以指定元素的最小数量:

public static class SearchContextExtensions
{
    /// <summary>
    ///     Method that finds an element based on the search parameters within a specified timeout.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="context">The context where this is searched. Required for extension methods</param>
    /// <param name="by">The search parameters that are used to identify the element</param>
    /// <param name="timeOutInSeconds">The time that the tool should wait before throwing an exception</param>
    /// <returns> The first element found that matches the condition specified</returns>
    public static IWebElement FindElement(this ISearchContext context, By by, uint timeOutInSeconds)
    {
        if (timeOutInSeconds > 0)
        {
            var wait = new DefaultWait<ISearchContext>(context);
            wait.Timeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(timeOutInSeconds);
            return wait.Until<IWebElement>(ctx => ctx.FindElement(by));
        }
        return context.FindElement(by);
    }
    /// <summary>
    ///     Method that finds a list of elements based on the search parameters within a specified timeout.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="context">The context where this is searched. Required for extension methods</param>
    /// <param name="by">The search parameters that are used to identify the element</param>
    /// <param name="timeoutInSeconds">The time that the tool should wait before throwing an exception</param>
    /// <returns>A list of all the web elements that match the condition specified</returns>
    public static IReadOnlyCollection<IWebElement> FindElements(this ISearchContext context, By by, uint timeoutInSeconds)
    {

        if (timeoutInSeconds > 0)
        {
            var wait = new DefaultWait<ISearchContext>(context);
            wait.Timeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(timeoutInSeconds);
            return wait.Until<IReadOnlyCollection<IWebElement>>(ctx => ctx.FindElements(by));
        }
        return context.FindElements(by);
    }
    /// <summary>
    ///     Method that finds a list of elements with the minimum amount specified based on the search parameters within a specified timeout.<br/>
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="context">The context where this is searched. Required for extension methods</param>
    /// <param name="by">The search parameters that are used to identify the element</param>
    /// <param name="timeoutInSeconds">The time that the tool should wait before throwing an exception</param>
    /// <param name="minNumberOfElements">
    ///     The minimum number of elements that should meet the criteria before returning the list <para/>
    ///     If this number is not met, an exception will be thrown and no elements will be returned
    ///     even if some did meet the criteria
    /// </param>
    /// <returns>A list of all the web elements that match the condition specified</returns>
    public static IReadOnlyCollection<IWebElement> FindElements(this ISearchContext context, By by, uint timeoutInSeconds, int minNumberOfElements)
    {
        var wait = new DefaultWait<ISearchContext>(context);
        if (timeoutInSeconds > 0)
        {
            wait.Timeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(timeoutInSeconds);
        }

        // Wait until the current context found the minimum number of elements. If not found after timeout, an exception is thrown
        wait.Until<bool>(ctx => ctx.FindElements(by).Count >= minNumberOfElements);

        // If the elements were successfuly found, just return the list
        return context.FindElements(by);
    }

}

使用示例:

var driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("http://localhost");
var main = driver.FindElement(By.Id("main"));
// It can be now used to wait when using elements to search
var btn = main.FindElement(By.Id("button"), 10);
btn.Click();
// This will wait up to 10 seconds until a button is found
var button = driver.FindElement(By.TagName("button"), 10)
// This will wait up to 10 seconds until a button is found, and return all the buttons found
var buttonList = driver.FindElements(By.TagName("button"), 10)
// This will wait for 10 seconds until we find at least 5 buttons
var buttonsMin = driver.FindElements(By.TagName("button"), 10, 5);
driver.Close();