这是你的快速方法:

    private static final String[] hexes = new String[]{
        "00","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","0A","0B","0C","0D","0E","0F",
        "10","11","12","13","14","15","16","17","18","19","1A","1B","1C","1D","1E","1F",
        "20","21","22","23","24","25","26","27","28","29","2A","2B","2C","2D","2E","2F",
        "30","31","32","33","34","35","36","37","38","39","3A","3B","3C","3D","3E","3F",
        "40","41","42","43","44","45","46","47","48","49","4A","4B","4C","4D","4E","4F",
        "50","51","52","53","54","55","56","57","58","59","5A","5B","5C","5D","5E","5F",
        "60","61","62","63","64","65","66","67","68","69","6A","6B","6C","6D","6E","6F",
        "70","71","72","73","74","75","76","77","78","79","7A","7B","7C","7D","7E","7F",
        "80","81","82","83","84","85","86","87","88","89","8A","8B","8C","8D","8E","8F",
        "90","91","92","93","94","95","96","97","98","99","9A","9B","9C","9D","9E","9F",
        "A0","A1","A2","A3","A4","A5","A6","A7","A8","A9","AA","AB","AC","AD","AE","AF",
        "B0","B1","B2","B3","B4","B5","B6","B7","B8","B9","BA","BB","BC","BD","BE","BF",
        "C0","C1","C2","C3","C4","C5","C6","C7","C8","C9","CA","CB","CC","CD","CE","CF",
        "D0","D1","D2","D3","D4","D5","D6","D7","D8","D9","DA","DB","DC","DD","DE","DF",
        "E0","E1","E2","E3","E4","E5","E6","E7","E8","E9","EA","EB","EC","ED","EE","EF",
        "F0","F1","F2","F3","F4","F5","F6","F7","F8","F9","FA","FB","FC","FD","FE","FF"
    };

    public static String byteToHex(byte b) {
        return hexes[b&0xFF];
    }

如果存在性能问题，创建(并销毁)一堆String实例并不是一个好方法。

请忽略那些冗长(重复)参数检查语句(if)。那是为了(另一个)教育目的。

完整的maven项目:http://jinahya.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/com.googlecode.jinahya/hex-codec/

编码…

/**
 * Encodes a single nibble.
 *
 * @param decoded the nibble to encode.
 *
 * @return the encoded half octet.
 */
protected static int encodeHalf(final int decoded) {

    switch (decoded) {
        case 0x00:
        case 0x01:
        case 0x02:
        case 0x03:
        case 0x04:
        case 0x05:
        case 0x06:
        case 0x07:
        case 0x08:
        case 0x09:
            return decoded + 0x30; // 0x30('0') - 0x39('9')
        case 0x0A:
        case 0x0B:
        case 0x0C:
        case 0x0D:
        case 0x0E:
        case 0x0F:
            return decoded + 0x57; // 0x41('a') - 0x46('f')
        default:
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("illegal half: " + decoded);
    }
}


/**
 * Encodes a single octet into two nibbles.
 *
 * @param decoded the octet to encode.
 * @param encoded the array to which each encoded nibbles are written.
 * @param offset the offset in the array.
 */
protected static void encodeSingle(final int decoded, final byte[] encoded,
                                   final int offset) {

    if (encoded == null) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("null encoded");
    }

    if (encoded.length < 2) {
        // not required
        throw new IllegalArgumentException(
            "encoded.length(" + encoded.length + ") < 2");
    }

    if (offset < 0) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("offset(" + offset + ") < 0");
    }

    if (offset >= encoded.length - 1) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException(
            "offset(" + offset + ") >= encoded.length(" + encoded.length
            + ") - 1");
    }

    encoded[offset] = (byte) encodeHalf((decoded >> 4) & 0x0F);
    encoded[offset + 1] = (byte) encodeHalf(decoded & 0x0F);
}


/**
 * Decodes given sequence of octets into a sequence of nibbles.
 *
 * @param decoded the octets to encode
 *
 * @return the encoded nibbles.
 */
protected static byte[] encodeMultiple(final byte[] decoded) {

    if (decoded == null) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("null decoded");
    }

    final byte[] encoded = new byte[decoded.length << 1];

    int offset = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < decoded.length; i++) {
        encodeSingle(decoded[i], encoded, offset);
        offset += 2;
    }

    return encoded;
}


/**
 * Encodes given sequence of octets into a sequence of nibbles.
 *
 * @param decoded the octets to encode.
 *
 * @return the encoded nibbles.
 */
public byte[] encode(final byte[] decoded) {

    return encodeMultiple(decoded);
}

解码…

/**
 * Decodes a single nibble.
 *
 * @param encoded the nibble to decode.
 *
 * @return the decoded half octet.
 */
protected static int decodeHalf(final int encoded) {

    switch (encoded) {
        case 0x30: // '0'
        case 0x31: // '1'
        case 0x32: // '2'
        case 0x33: // '3'
        case 0x34: // '4'
        case 0x35: // '5'
        case 0x36: // '6'
        case 0x37: // '7'
        case 0x38: // '8'
        case 0x39: // '9'
            return encoded - 0x30;
        case 0x41: // 'A'
        case 0x42: // 'B'
        case 0x43: // 'C'
        case 0x44: // 'D'
        case 0x45: // 'E'
        case 0x46: // 'F'
            return encoded - 0x37;
        case 0x61: // 'a'
        case 0x62: // 'b'
        case 0x63: // 'c'
        case 0x64: // 'd'
        case 0x65: // 'e'
        case 0x66: // 'f'
            return encoded - 0x57;
        default:
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("illegal half: " + encoded);
    }
}


/**
 * Decodes two nibbles into a single octet.
 *
 * @param encoded the nibble array.
 * @param offset the offset in the array.
 *
 * @return decoded octet.
 */
protected static int decodeSingle(final byte[] encoded, final int offset) {

    if (encoded == null) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("null encoded");
    }

    if (encoded.length < 2) {
        // not required
        throw new IllegalArgumentException(
            "encoded.length(" + encoded.length + ") < 2");
    }

    if (offset < 0) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("offset(" + offset + ") < 0");
    }

    if (offset >= encoded.length - 1) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException(
            "offset(" + offset + ") >= encoded.length(" + encoded.length
            + ") - 1");
    }

    return (decodeHalf(encoded[offset]) << 4)
           | decodeHalf(encoded[offset + 1]);
}


/**
 * Encodes given sequence of nibbles into a sequence of octets.
 *
 * @param encoded the nibbles to decode.
 *
 * @return the encoded octets.
 */
protected static byte[] decodeMultiple(final byte[] encoded) {

    if (encoded == null) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("null encoded");
    }

    if ((encoded.length & 0x01) == 0x01) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException(
            "encoded.length(" + encoded.length + ") is not even");
    }

    final byte[] decoded = new byte[encoded.length >> 1];

    int offset = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < decoded.length; i++) {
        decoded[i] = (byte) decodeSingle(encoded, offset);
        offset += 2;
    }

    return decoded;
}


/**
 * Decodes given sequence of nibbles into a sequence of octets.
 *
 * @param encoded the nibbles to decode.
 *
 * @return the decoded octets.
 */
public byte[] decode(final byte[] encoded) {

    return decodeMultiple(encoded);
}

就像其他答案一样，我建议使用String.format()和BigInteger。但是要将字节数组解释为大端二进制表示，而不是双补二进制表示(使用signum和不完全使用可能的十六进制值范围)，请使用BigInteger(int signum, byte[] magnitude)，而不是BigInteger(byte[] val)。

例如，对于长度为8的字节数组，使用:

String.format("%016X", new BigInteger(1,bytes))

优点:

前导零 没有符号 只有内置函数 只有一行代码

劣势:

也许有更有效的方法

例子:

byte[] bytes = new byte[8];
Random r = new Random();
System.out.println("big-endian       | two's-complement");
System.out.println("-----------------|-----------------");
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
    r.nextBytes(bytes);
    System.out.print(String.format("%016X", new BigInteger(1,bytes)));
    System.out.print(" | ");
    System.out.print(String.format("%016X", new BigInteger(bytes)));
    System.out.println();
}

示例输出:

big-endian       | two's-complement
-----------------|-----------------
3971B56BC7C80590 | 3971B56BC7C80590
64D3C133C86CCBDC | 64D3C133C86CCBDC
B232EFD5BC40FA61 | -4DCD102A43BF059F
CD350CC7DF7C9731 | -32CAF338208368CF
82CDC9ECC1BC8EED | -7D3236133E437113
F438C8C34911A7F5 | -BC7373CB6EE580B
5E99738BE6ACE798 | 5E99738BE6ACE798
A565FE5CE43AA8DD | -5A9A01A31BC55723
032EBA783D2E9A9F | 032EBA783D2E9A9F
8FDAA07263217ABA | -70255F8D9CDE8546

试试这个方法:

byte bv = 10;
String hexString = Integer.toHexString(bv);

处理数组(如果我没理解错的话):

byte[] bytes = {9, 10, 11, 15, 16};
StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer();
for (byte b : bytes) {
    result.append(String.format("%02X ", b));
    result.append(" "); // delimiter
}
return result.toString();

正如polygeneluants所提到的，String.format()是与Integer.toHexString()相比的正确答案(因为它以正确的方式处理负数)。

最好的解决方案是这样的一句话:

String hex=DatatypeConverter.printHexBinary(byte[] b);

正如这里提到的

    byte[] bytes = {-1, 0, 1, 2, 3 };
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    for (byte b : bytes) {
        sb.append(String.format("%02X ", b));
    }
    System.out.println(sb.toString());
    // prints "FF 00 01 02 03 "

另请参阅

java.util.Formatter语法 %(旗帜)(宽度)转换 标记'0' -结果将被填充为零 宽度2 转换'X' -结果被格式化为十六进制整数，大写

看看问题的文本，也有可能是这样要求的:

    String[] arr = {"-1", "0", "10", "20" };
    for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
        arr[i] = String.format("%02x", Byte.parseByte(arr[i]));
    }
    System.out.println(java.util.Arrays.toString(arr));
    // prints "[ff, 00, 0a, 14]"

这里的几个答案使用Integer.toHexString(int);这是可行的，但有一些注意事项。由于形参是int型，因此对byte参数执行扩大原语转换，这涉及到符号扩展。

    byte b = -1;
    System.out.println(Integer.toHexString(b));
    // prints "ffffffff"

在Java中有符号的8位字节被符号扩展为32位整型。为了有效地撤销这个符号扩展，可以使用0xFF来屏蔽字节。

    byte b = -1;
    System.out.println(Integer.toHexString(b & 0xFF));
    // prints "ff"

使用toHexString的另一个问题是它不会用零填充:

    byte b = 10;
    System.out.println(Integer.toHexString(b & 0xFF));
    // prints "a"

这两个因素结合起来应该形成字符串。格式解决方案更佳。

参考文献

整型类型和值 对于字节，从-128到127，包括 JLS 5.1.2扩大原语转换