一般来说，我会推荐一些跨平台的工具，比如cURL、POCO或Qt。：

#include <atlbase.h>
#include <msxml6.h>
#include <comutil.h> // _bstr_t

HRESULT hr;
CComPtr<IXMLHTTPRequest> request;

hr = request.CoCreateInstance(CLSID_XMLHTTP60);
hr = request->open(
    _bstr_t("GET"),
    _bstr_t("https://www.google.com/images/srpr/logo11w.png"),
    _variant_t(VARIANT_FALSE),
    _variant_t(),
    _variant_t());
hr = request->send(_variant_t());

// get status - 200 if succuss
long status;
hr = request->get_status(&status);

// load image data (if url points to an image)
VARIANT responseVariant;
hr = request->get_responseStream(&responseVariant);
IStream* stream = (IStream*)responseVariant.punkVal;
CImage *image = new CImage();
image->Load(stream);
stream->Release();

2020年更新:我有一个新的答案来取代这个已经存在了8年的答案:https://stackoverflow.com/a/61177330/278976

在Linux上，我尝试了cppp -netlib、libcurl、curlpp、urdl、boost::asio，并考虑过Qt(但基于许可证拒绝了它)。所有这些都不是不完整的，有草率的界面，有糟糕的文档，没有维护或不支持https。

然后，在https://stackoverflow.com/a/1012577/278976的建议下，我尝试了POCO。哇，我真希望几年前就能看到。下面是一个使用POCO进行HTTP GET请求的示例:

https://stackoverflow.com/a/26026828/2817595

POCO是免费的、开源的(boost许可证)。不，我和这家公司没有任何关系;我真的很喜欢他们的界面。干得好，伙计们(和姑娘们)。

https://pocoproject.org/download.html

希望这能帮助到某人…我花了三天时间把所有这些库都试了一遍。

你可以使用embeddedRest库。它是一个轻量级的头文件库。所以很容易将它包含到你的项目中，它不需要编译，因为里面没有。cpp文件。

从自述文件中请求示例。Md from repo:

#include "UrlRequest.hpp"

//...

UrlRequest request;
request.host("api.vk.com");
const auto countryId = 1;
const auto count = 1000;
request.uri("/method/database.getCities",{
    { "lang", "ru" },
    { "country_id", countryId },
    { "count", count },
    { "need_all", "1" },
});
request.addHeader("Content-Type: application/json");
auto response = std::move(request.perform());
if (response.statusCode() == 200) {
  cout << "status code = " << response.statusCode() << ", body = *" << response.body() << "*" << endl;
}else{
  cout << "status code = " << response.statusCode() << ", description = " << response.statusDescription() << endl;
}

如果你想要c++的解决方案，你可以使用Qt，它有一个QHttp类。

你可以查看文档:

http->setHost("qt.nokia.com");
http->get(QUrl::toPercentEncoding("/index.html"));

Qt还有很多可以在普通c++应用程序中使用的功能。

c++没有提供任何直接实现它的方法。这完全取决于你拥有什么样的平台和库。

在最坏的情况下，您可以使用boost::asio库来建立TCP连接，发送HTTP报头(RFC 2616)，并直接解析响应。查看您的应用程序需求，这很简单。

对于这个答案，我参考了Software_Developer的答案。通过重新构建代码，我发现一些部分已弃用(gethostbyname())或不为操作提供错误处理(创建套接字，发送一些东西)。

下面的windows代码是用Visual Studio 2013和windows 8.1 64位以及windows 7 64位进行测试的。它将目标与www.google.com的Web服务器的IPv4 TCP连接。

#include <winsock2.h>
#include <WS2tcpip.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <iostream>
#pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib")
using namespace std;
    int main (){
    // Initialize Dependencies to the Windows Socket.
    WSADATA wsaData;
    if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsaData) != 0) {
        cout << "WSAStartup failed.\n";
        system("pause");
        return -1;
    }

    // We first prepare some "hints" for the "getaddrinfo" function
    // to tell it, that we are looking for a IPv4 TCP Connection.
    struct addrinfo hints;
    ZeroMemory(&hints, sizeof(hints));
    hints.ai_family = AF_INET;          // We are targeting IPv4
    hints.ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;    // We are targeting TCP
    hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;    // We are targeting TCP so its SOCK_STREAM

    // Aquiring of the IPv4 address of a host using the newer
    // "getaddrinfo" function which outdated "gethostbyname".
    // It will search for IPv4 addresses using the TCP-Protocol.
    struct addrinfo* targetAdressInfo = NULL;
    DWORD getAddrRes = getaddrinfo("www.google.com", NULL, &hints, &targetAdressInfo);
    if (getAddrRes != 0 || targetAdressInfo == NULL)
    {
        cout << "Could not resolve the Host Name" << endl;
        system("pause");
        WSACleanup();
        return -1;
    }

    // Create the Socket Address Informations, using IPv4
    // We dont have to take care of sin_zero, it is only used to extend the length of SOCKADDR_IN to the size of SOCKADDR
    SOCKADDR_IN sockAddr;
    sockAddr.sin_addr = ((struct sockaddr_in*) targetAdressInfo->ai_addr)->sin_addr;    // The IPv4 Address from the Address Resolution Result
    sockAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;  // IPv4
    sockAddr.sin_port = htons(80);  // HTTP Port: 80

    // We have to free the Address-Information from getaddrinfo again
    freeaddrinfo(targetAdressInfo);

    // Creation of a socket for the communication with the Web Server,
    // using IPv4 and the TCP-Protocol
    SOCKET webSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
    if (webSocket == INVALID_SOCKET)
    {
        cout << "Creation of the Socket Failed" << endl;
        system("pause");
        WSACleanup();
        return -1;
    }

    // Establishing a connection to the web Socket
    cout << "Connecting...\n";
    if(connect(webSocket, (SOCKADDR*)&sockAddr, sizeof(sockAddr)) != 0)
    {
        cout << "Could not connect";
        system("pause");
        closesocket(webSocket);
        WSACleanup();
        return -1;
    }
    cout << "Connected.\n";

    // Sending a HTTP-GET-Request to the Web Server
    const char* httpRequest = "GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: www.google.com\r\nConnection: close\r\n\r\n";
    int sentBytes = send(webSocket, httpRequest, strlen(httpRequest),0);
    if (sentBytes < strlen(httpRequest) || sentBytes == SOCKET_ERROR)
    {
        cout << "Could not send the request to the Server" << endl;
        system("pause");
        closesocket(webSocket);
        WSACleanup();
        return -1;
    }

    // Receiving and Displaying an answer from the Web Server
    char buffer[10000];
    ZeroMemory(buffer, sizeof(buffer));
    int dataLen;
    while ((dataLen = recv(webSocket, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0) > 0))
    {
        int i = 0;
        while (buffer[i] >= 32 || buffer[i] == '\n' || buffer[i] == '\r') {
            cout << buffer[i];
            i += 1;
        }
    }

    // Cleaning up Windows Socket Dependencies
    closesocket(webSocket);
    WSACleanup();

    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

引用:

弃用gethostbyname

socket()的返回值

send()的返回值