我有一些代码来调整图像的大小,这样我就可以得到图像中心的缩放块-我用这个来获取一个UIImage,并返回一个小的,正方形的图像表示,类似于在照片应用程序的相册视图中看到的。(我知道我可以使用UIImageView和调整裁剪模式来实现相同的结果,但这些图像有时显示在UIWebViews中)。

我已经开始注意到这段代码中的一些崩溃,我有点难住了。我有两种不同的理论,不知道哪一种是正确的。

理论1)我通过绘制到目标尺寸的屏幕外图像上下文来实现裁剪。因为我想要图像的中心部分,所以我将传递给drawwinrect的CGRect参数设置为比图像上下文的边界更大的值。我希望这是符合规定的,但我是不是在试图掩盖其他我不应该触及的记忆?

理论2)我在后台线程中做所有这些。我知道UIKit的某些部分被限制在主线程中。我假设/希望绘制到屏幕外的视图不是其中之一。我错了吗?

(哦,我真怀念NSImage的drawwinrect:fromRect:operation:fraction:方法。)


当前回答

swift3

extension UIImage {
    func crop(rect: CGRect) -> UIImage? {
        var scaledRect = rect
        scaledRect.origin.x *= scale
        scaledRect.origin.y *= scale
        scaledRect.size.width *= scale
        scaledRect.size.height *= scale
        guard let imageRef: CGImage = cgImage?.cropping(to: scaledRect) else {
            return nil
        }
        return UIImage(cgImage: imageRef, scale: scale, orientation: imageOrientation)
    }
}

其他回答

Swift 5.0更新

public extension UIImage {
    func cropped(rect: CGRect) -> UIImage? {
        if let image = self.cgImage!.cropping(to: rect) {
            return UIImage(cgImage: image)
        } else if let image = (self.ciImage)?.cropped(to: rect) {
            return UIImage(ciImage: image)
        }
       return nil
   }
}

在Swift中裁剪UIImage的最佳解决方案,在精度方面,像素缩放…:

private func squareCropImageToSideLength(let sourceImage: UIImage,
    let sideLength: CGFloat) -> UIImage {
        // input size comes from image
        let inputSize: CGSize = sourceImage.size

        // round up side length to avoid fractional output size
        let sideLength: CGFloat = ceil(sideLength)

        // output size has sideLength for both dimensions
        let outputSize: CGSize = CGSizeMake(sideLength, sideLength)

        // calculate scale so that smaller dimension fits sideLength
        let scale: CGFloat = max(sideLength / inputSize.width,
            sideLength / inputSize.height)

        // scaling the image with this scale results in this output size
        let scaledInputSize: CGSize = CGSizeMake(inputSize.width * scale,
            inputSize.height * scale)

        // determine point in center of "canvas"
        let center: CGPoint = CGPointMake(outputSize.width/2.0,
            outputSize.height/2.0)

        // calculate drawing rect relative to output Size
        let outputRect: CGRect = CGRectMake(center.x - scaledInputSize.width/2.0,
            center.y - scaledInputSize.height/2.0,
            scaledInputSize.width,
            scaledInputSize.height)

        // begin a new bitmap context, scale 0 takes display scale
        UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(outputSize, true, 0)

        // optional: set the interpolation quality.
        // For this you need to grab the underlying CGContext
        let ctx: CGContextRef = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()
        CGContextSetInterpolationQuality(ctx, kCGInterpolationHigh)

        // draw the source image into the calculated rect
        sourceImage.drawInRect(outputRect)

        // create new image from bitmap context
        let outImage: UIImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()

        // clean up
        UIGraphicsEndImageContext()

        // pass back new image
        return outImage
}

调用此函数的指令:

let image: UIImage = UIImage(named: "Image.jpg")!
let squareImage: UIImage = self.squareCropImageToSideLength(image, sideLength: 320)
self.myUIImageView.image = squareImage

注意:最初的源代码灵感是用Objective-C写的,可以在Cocoanetics博客上找到。

 (UIImage *)squareImageWithImage:(UIImage *)image scaledToSize:(CGSize)newSize {
    double ratio;
    double delta;
    CGPoint offset;

    //make a new square size, that is the resized imaged width
    CGSize sz = CGSizeMake(newSize.width, newSize.width);

    //figure out if the picture is landscape or portrait, then
    //calculate scale factor and offset
    if (image.size.width > image.size.height) {
        ratio = newSize.width / image.size.width;
        delta = (ratio*image.size.width - ratio*image.size.height);
        offset = CGPointMake(delta/2, 0);
    } else {
        ratio = newSize.width / image.size.height;
        delta = (ratio*image.size.height - ratio*image.size.width);
        offset = CGPointMake(0, delta/2);
    }

    //make the final clipping rect based on the calculated values
    CGRect clipRect = CGRectMake(-offset.x, -offset.y,
                                 (ratio * image.size.width) + delta,
                                 (ratio * image.size.height) + delta);


    //start a new context, with scale factor 0.0 so retina displays get
    //high quality image
    if ([[UIScreen mainScreen] respondsToSelector:@selector(scale)]) {
        UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(sz, YES, 0.0);
    } else {
        UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(sz);
    }
    UIRectClip(clipRect);
    [image drawInRect:clipRect];
    UIImage *newImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
    UIGraphicsEndImageContext();

    return newImage;
}

斯威夫特5:

extension UIImage {
    func cropped(rect: CGRect) -> UIImage? {
        guard let cgImage = cgImage else { return nil }

        UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(rect.size, false, 0)
        let context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()

        context?.translateBy(x: 0.0, y: self.size.height)
        context?.scaleBy(x: 1.0, y: -1.0)
        context?.draw(cgImage, in: CGRect(x: rect.minX, y: rect.minY, width: self.size.width, height: self.size.height), byTiling: false)


        let croppedImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()
        UIGraphicsEndImageContext()

        return croppedImage
    }
}

这是我的UIImage作物实现,它遵从imageOrientation属性。所有方向都经过了彻底的测试。

inline double rad(double deg)
{
    return deg / 180.0 * M_PI;
}

UIImage* UIImageCrop(UIImage* img, CGRect rect)
{
    CGAffineTransform rectTransform;
    switch (img.imageOrientation)
    {
        case UIImageOrientationLeft:
            rectTransform = CGAffineTransformTranslate(CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(rad(90)), 0, -img.size.height);
            break;
        case UIImageOrientationRight:
            rectTransform = CGAffineTransformTranslate(CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(rad(-90)), -img.size.width, 0);
            break;
        case UIImageOrientationDown:
            rectTransform = CGAffineTransformTranslate(CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(rad(-180)), -img.size.width, -img.size.height);
            break;
        default:
            rectTransform = CGAffineTransformIdentity;
    };
    rectTransform = CGAffineTransformScale(rectTransform, img.scale, img.scale);

    CGImageRef imageRef = CGImageCreateWithImageInRect([img CGImage], CGRectApplyAffineTransform(rect, rectTransform));
    UIImage *result = [UIImage imageWithCGImage:imageRef scale:img.scale orientation:img.imageOrientation];
    CGImageRelease(imageRef);
    return result;
}