我有一个web服务，我试图单元测试。在服务中，它从HttpContext中提取了几个值，如下所示:
m_password = (string)HttpContext.Current.Session["CustomerId"];
m_userID = (string)HttpContext.Current.Session["CustomerUrl"];
在单元测试中，我使用一个简单的工作请求创建上下文，如下所示:
SimpleWorkerRequest request = new SimpleWorkerRequest("", "", "", null, new StringWriter());
HttpContext context = new HttpContext(request);
HttpContext.Current = context;
然而，每当我试图设置HttpContext.Current.Session的值时
HttpContext.Current.Session["CustomerId"] = "customer1";
HttpContext.Current.Session["CustomerUrl"] = "customer1Url";
我得到空引用异常，说HttpContext.Current.Session是空的。
是否有方法在单元测试中初始化当前会话?
我们必须通过使用HttpContextManager来模拟HttpContext，并从我们的应用程序和单元测试中调用工厂
public class HttpContextManager
{
private static HttpContextBase m_context;
public static HttpContextBase Current
{
get
{
if (m_context != null)
return m_context;
if (HttpContext.Current == null)
throw new InvalidOperationException("HttpContext not available");
return new HttpContextWrapper(HttpContext.Current);
}
}
public static void SetCurrentContext(HttpContextBase context)
{
m_context = context;
}
}
然后替换所有对HttpContext的调用。当前与HttpContextManager。当前和已获得相同的方法。然后在测试时，您还可以访问HttpContextManager并模拟您的期望
这是一个使用Moq的例子:
private HttpContextBase GetMockedHttpContext()
{
var context = new Mock<HttpContextBase>();
var request = new Mock<HttpRequestBase>();
var response = new Mock<HttpResponseBase>();
var session = new Mock<HttpSessionStateBase>();
var server = new Mock<HttpServerUtilityBase>();
var user = new Mock<IPrincipal>();
var identity = new Mock<IIdentity>();
var urlHelper = new Mock<UrlHelper>();
var routes = new RouteCollection();
MvcApplication.RegisterRoutes(routes);
var requestContext = new Mock<RequestContext>();
requestContext.Setup(x => x.HttpContext).Returns(context.Object);
context.Setup(ctx => ctx.Request).Returns(request.Object);
context.Setup(ctx => ctx.Response).Returns(response.Object);
context.Setup(ctx => ctx.Session).Returns(session.Object);
context.Setup(ctx => ctx.Server).Returns(server.Object);
context.Setup(ctx => ctx.User).Returns(user.Object);
user.Setup(ctx => ctx.Identity).Returns(identity.Object);
identity.Setup(id => id.IsAuthenticated).Returns(true);
identity.Setup(id => id.Name).Returns("test");
request.Setup(req => req.Url).Returns(new Uri("http://www.google.com"));
request.Setup(req => req.RequestContext).Returns(requestContext.Object);
requestContext.Setup(x => x.RouteData).Returns(new RouteData());
request.SetupGet(req => req.Headers).Returns(new NameValueCollection());
return context.Object;
}
然后在单元测试中使用它，我在Test Init方法中调用它
HttpContextManager.SetCurrentContext(GetMockedHttpContext());
然后，您可以在上面的方法中添加来自Session的预期结果，您希望它可以用于您的web服务。
你可以通过创建一个新的HttpContext来“伪造”它，就像这样:
http://www.necronet.org/archive/2010/07/28/unit-testing-code-that-uses-httpcontext-current-session.aspx
我把这段代码放到一个静态helper类中，如下所示:
public static HttpContext FakeHttpContext()
{
var httpRequest = new HttpRequest("", "http://example.com/", "");
var stringWriter = new StringWriter();
var httpResponse = new HttpResponse(stringWriter);
var httpContext = new HttpContext(httpRequest, httpResponse);
var sessionContainer = new HttpSessionStateContainer("id", new SessionStateItemCollection(),
new HttpStaticObjectsCollection(), 10, true,
HttpCookieMode.AutoDetect,
SessionStateMode.InProc, false);
httpContext.Items["AspSession"] = typeof(HttpSessionState).GetConstructor(
BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance,
null, CallingConventions.Standard,
new[] { typeof(HttpSessionStateContainer) },
null)
.Invoke(new object[] { sessionContainer });
return httpContext;
}
或者不是使用反射来构造新的httpessionstate实例，你可以将你的httpessionstatecontainer附加到HttpContext(根据Brent M. Spell的评论):
SessionStateUtility.AddHttpSessionStateToContext(httpContext, sessionContainer);
然后你可以像这样在单元测试中调用它:
HttpContext.Current = MockHelper.FakeHttpContext();
我之前写过一些关于这方面的东西。
单元测试MVC3 .NET中的HttpContext.Current.Session
希望能有所帮助。
[TestInitialize]
public void TestSetup()
{
// We need to setup the Current HTTP Context as follows:
// Step 1: Setup the HTTP Request
var httpRequest = new HttpRequest("", "http://localhost/", "");
// Step 2: Setup the HTTP Response
var httpResponce = new HttpResponse(new StringWriter());
// Step 3: Setup the Http Context
var httpContext = new HttpContext(httpRequest, httpResponce);
var sessionContainer =
new HttpSessionStateContainer("id",
new SessionStateItemCollection(),
new HttpStaticObjectsCollection(),
10,
true,
HttpCookieMode.AutoDetect,
SessionStateMode.InProc,
false);
httpContext.Items["AspSession"] =
typeof(HttpSessionState)
.GetConstructor(
BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance,
null,
CallingConventions.Standard,
new[] { typeof(HttpSessionStateContainer) },
null)
.Invoke(new object[] { sessionContainer });
// Step 4: Assign the Context
HttpContext.Current = httpContext;
}
[TestMethod]
public void BasicTest_Push_Item_Into_Session()
{
// Arrange
var itemValue = "RandomItemValue";
var itemKey = "RandomItemKey";
// Act
HttpContext.Current.Session.Add(itemKey, itemValue);
// Assert
Assert.AreEqual(HttpContext.Current.Session[itemKey], itemValue);
}
Milox解决方案比IMHO接受的解决方案更好，但我在处理url时遇到了一些问题。
我做了一些改变，使它能正常工作与任何url和避免反射。
public static HttpContext FakeHttpContext(string url)
{
var uri = new Uri(url);
var httpRequest = new HttpRequest(string.Empty, uri.ToString(),
uri.Query.TrimStart('?'));
var stringWriter = new StringWriter();
var httpResponse = new HttpResponse(stringWriter);
var httpContext = new HttpContext(httpRequest, httpResponse);
var sessionContainer = new HttpSessionStateContainer("id",
new SessionStateItemCollection(),
new HttpStaticObjectsCollection(),
10, true, HttpCookieMode.AutoDetect,
SessionStateMode.InProc, false);
SessionStateUtility.AddHttpSessionStateToContext(
httpContext, sessionContainer);
return httpContext;
}
如果您正在使用MVC框架，这应该可以工作。我使用Milox的FakeHttpContext并添加了一些额外的代码行。这个想法来自这个帖子:
http://codepaste.net/p269t8
这似乎在MVC 5中工作。我还没有尝试在早期版本的MVC。
HttpContext.Current = MockHttpContext.FakeHttpContext();
var wrapper = new HttpContextWrapper(HttpContext.Current);
MyController controller = new MyController();
controller.ControllerContext = new ControllerContext(wrapper, new RouteData(), controller);
string result = controller.MyMethod();
试试这个:
// MockHttpSession Setup
var session = new MockHttpSession();
// MockHttpRequest Setup - mock AJAX request
var httpRequest = new Mock<HttpRequestBase>();
// Setup this part of the HTTP request for AJAX calls
httpRequest.Setup(req => req["X-Requested-With"]).Returns("XMLHttpRequest");
// MockHttpContextBase Setup - mock request, cache, and session
var httpContext = new Mock<HttpContextBase>();
httpContext.Setup(ctx => ctx.Request).Returns(httpRequest.Object);
httpContext.Setup(ctx => ctx.Cache).Returns(HttpRuntime.Cache);
httpContext.Setup(ctx => ctx.Session).Returns(session);
// MockHttpContext for cache
var contextRequest = new HttpRequest("", "http://localhost/", "");
var contextResponse = new HttpResponse(new StringWriter());
HttpContext.Current = new HttpContext(contextRequest, contextResponse);
// MockControllerContext Setup
var context = new Mock<ControllerContext>();
context.Setup(ctx => ctx.HttpContext).Returns(httpContext.Object);
//TODO: Create new controller here
// Set controller's ControllerContext to context.Object
并添加类:
public class MockHttpSession : HttpSessionStateBase
{
Dictionary<string, object> _sessionDictionary = new Dictionary<string, object>();
public override object this[string name]
{
get
{
return _sessionDictionary.ContainsKey(name) ? _sessionDictionary[name] : null;
}
set
{
_sessionDictionary[name] = value;
}
}
public override void Abandon()
{
var keys = new List<string>();
foreach (var kvp in _sessionDictionary)
{
keys.Add(kvp.Key);
}
foreach (var key in keys)
{
_sessionDictionary.Remove(key);
}
}
public override void Clear()
{
var keys = new List<string>();
foreach (var kvp in _sessionDictionary)
{
keys.Add(kvp.Key);
}
foreach(var key in keys)
{
_sessionDictionary.Remove(key);
}
}
}
这将允许您同时测试会话和缓存。
在asp.net Core / MVC 6 rc2中，你可以设置HttpContext
var SomeController controller = new SomeController();
controller.ControllerContext = new ControllerContext();
controller.ControllerContext.HttpContext = new DefaultHttpContext();
controller.HttpContext.Session = new DummySession();
Rc 1为
var SomeController controller = new SomeController();
controller.ActionContext = new ActionContext();
controller.ActionContext.HttpContext = new DefaultHttpContext();
controller.HttpContext.Session = new DummySession();
https://stackoverflow.com/a/34022964/516748
考虑使用Moq
new Mock<ISession>();
@Ro Hit给出的答案对我帮助很大，但我缺少用户凭据，因为我必须伪造一个用户进行身份验证单元测试。因此，让我描述一下我是如何解决它的。
根据此，如果添加方法
// using System.Security.Principal;
GenericPrincipal FakeUser(string userName)
{
var fakeIdentity = new GenericIdentity(userName);
var principal = new GenericPrincipal(fakeIdentity, null);
return principal;
}
然后追加
HttpContext.Current.User = FakeUser("myDomain\\myUser");
到TestSetup方法的最后一行就完成了，添加用户凭据并准备用于身份验证测试。
我还注意到HttpContext中还有其他你可能需要的部分，比如. mappath()方法。这里有一个可用的FakeHttpContext，它可以通过NuGet安装。
我正在寻找一种比上面提到的选项更少侵入性的东西。最后，我提出了一个俗气的解决方案，但它可能会让一些人行动得更快一些。
首先，我创建了一个TestSession类:
class TestSession : ISession
{
public TestSession()
{
Values = new Dictionary<string, byte[]>();
}
public string Id
{
get
{
return "session_id";
}
}
public bool IsAvailable
{
get
{
return true;
}
}
public IEnumerable<string> Keys
{
get { return Values.Keys; }
}
public Dictionary<string, byte[]> Values { get; set; }
public void Clear()
{
Values.Clear();
}
public Task CommitAsync()
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
public Task LoadAsync()
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
public void Remove(string key)
{
Values.Remove(key);
}
public void Set(string key, byte[] value)
{
if (Values.ContainsKey(key))
{
Remove(key);
}
Values.Add(key, value);
}
public bool TryGetValue(string key, out byte[] value)
{
if (Values.ContainsKey(key))
{
value = Values[key];
return true;
}
value = new byte[0];
return false;
}
}
然后我在控制器的构造函数中添加了一个可选参数。如果该参数存在，则将其用于会话操作。否则，使用HttpContext。会话:
class MyController
{
private readonly ISession _session;
public MyController(ISession session = null)
{
_session = session;
}
public IActionResult Action1()
{
Session().SetString("Key", "Value");
View();
}
public IActionResult Action2()
{
ViewBag.Key = Session().GetString("Key");
View();
}
private ISession Session()
{
return _session ?? HttpContext.Session;
}
}
现在我可以将我的TestSession注入到控制器中:
class MyControllerTest
{
private readonly MyController _controller;
public MyControllerTest()
{
var testSession = new TestSession();
var _controller = new MyController(testSession);
}
}
从不嘲弄。从来没有!解决方法非常简单。为什么要伪造HttpContext这样一个美丽的作品呢?
下推会话!(这句话对我们大多数人来说已经足够理解了，但下面会详细解释)
(字符串)HttpContext.Current.Session(“CustomerId”);是我们现在访问它的方式。将其更改为
_customObject.SessionProperty("CustomerId")
当从test调用时，_customObject使用替代存储(DB或云键值[http://www.kvstore.io/])
但是当从实际应用程序调用时，_customObject使用Session。
这是怎么做到的?嗯…依赖注入!
因此test可以设置会话(地下)，然后调用应用程序方法，就好像它对会话一无所知一样。然后测试秘密地检查应用程序代码是否正确地更新了会话。或者应用程序是否基于测试设置的会话值进行操作。
事实上，我们最终还是嘲笑了，尽管我说过:“永远不要嘲笑”。因为我们忍不住溜到下一个规则，“嘲笑最不疼的地方!”模拟巨大的HttpContext或模拟一个小的会话，哪个伤害最小?别问我这些规矩是从哪来的。我们就说常识吧。这里有一篇关于不要嘲笑单元测试会杀死我们的有趣文章
试试这个方法。
public static HttpContext getCurrentSession()
{
HttpContext.Current = new HttpContext(new HttpRequest("", ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["UnitTestSessionURL"], ""), new HttpResponse(new System.IO.StringWriter()));
System.Web.SessionState.SessionStateUtility.AddHttpSessionStateToContext(
HttpContext.Current, new HttpSessionStateContainer("", new SessionStateItemCollection(), new HttpStaticObjectsCollection(), 20000, true,
HttpCookieMode.UseCookies, SessionStateMode.InProc, false));
return HttpContext.Current;
}
