感谢大家的贡献。我使用annakata代码并修改为也包括url中根本没有查询字符串的情况。 希望这能有所帮助。

function insertParam(key, value) {
        key = escape(key); value = escape(value);

        var kvp = document.location.search.substr(1).split('&');
        if (kvp == '') {
            document.location.search = '?' + key + '=' + value;
        }
        else {

            var i = kvp.length; var x; while (i--) {
                x = kvp[i].split('=');

                if (x[0] == key) {
                    x[1] = value;
                    kvp[i] = x.join('=');
                    break;
                }
            }

            if (i < 0) { kvp[kvp.length] = [key, value].join('='); }

            //this will reload the page, it's likely better to store this until finished
            document.location.search = kvp.join('&');
        }
    }

加入@Vianney的回答https://stackoverflow.com/a/44160941/6609678

我们可以导入node中的内置URL模块，如下所示

const { URL } = require('url');

例子:

Terminal $ node
> const { URL } = require('url');
undefined
> let url = new URL('', 'http://localhost:1989/v3/orders');
undefined
> url.href
'http://localhost:1989/v3/orders'
> let fetchAll=true, timePeriod = 30, b2b=false;
undefined
> url.href
'http://localhost:1989/v3/orders'
>  url.searchParams.append('fetchAll', fetchAll);
undefined
>  url.searchParams.append('timePeriod', timePeriod);
undefined
>  url.searchParams.append('b2b', b2b);
undefined
> url.href
'http://localhost:1989/v3/orders?fetchAll=true&timePeriod=30&b2b=false'
> url.toString()
'http://localhost:1989/v3/orders?fetchAll=true&timePeriod=30&b2b=false'

有用的链接:

https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/URL https://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/Web/API/URLSearchParams

这将在所有现代浏览器中工作。

function insertParam(key,value) {
      if (history.pushState) {
          var newurl = window.location.protocol + "//" + window.location.host + window.location.pathname + '?' +key+'='+value;
          window.history.pushState({path:newurl},'',newurl);
      }
    }

你可以使用其中一个:

https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/URL https://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/Web/API/URLSearchParams

例子:

var url = new URL("http://foo.bar/?x=1&y=2");

// If your expected result is "http://foo.bar/?x=1&y=2&x=42"
url.searchParams.append('x', 42);

// If your expected result is "http://foo.bar/?x=42&y=2"
url.searchParams.set('x', 42);

你可以使用url。href或URL . tostring()来获取完整的URL

最简单的解决方案，工作，如果你已经有一个标签或没有，并自动删除它，所以它不会一直添加相等的标签，有乐趣

function changeURL(tag)
{
if(window.location.href.indexOf("?") > -1) {
    if(window.location.href.indexOf("&"+tag) > -1){

        var url = window.location.href.replace("&"+tag,"")+"&"+tag;
    }
    else
    {
        var url = window.location.href+"&"+tag;
    }
}else{
    if(window.location.href.indexOf("?"+tag) > -1){

        var url = window.location.href.replace("?"+tag,"")+"?"+tag;
    }
    else
    {
        var url = window.location.href+"?"+tag;
    }
}
  window.location = url;
}

THEN

changeURL("i=updated");

这是我自己的尝试，但我将使用annakata的答案，因为它看起来更清晰:

function AddUrlParameter(sourceUrl, parameterName, parameterValue, replaceDuplicates)
{
    if ((sourceUrl == null) || (sourceUrl.length == 0)) sourceUrl = document.location.href;
    var urlParts = sourceUrl.split("?");
    var newQueryString = "";
    if (urlParts.length > 1)
    {
        var parameters = urlParts[1].split("&");
        for (var i=0; (i < parameters.length); i++)
        {
            var parameterParts = parameters[i].split("=");
            if (!(replaceDuplicates && parameterParts[0] == parameterName))
            {
                if (newQueryString == "")
                    newQueryString = "?";
                else
                    newQueryString += "&";
                newQueryString += parameterParts[0] + "=" + parameterParts[1];
            }
        }
    }
    if (newQueryString == "")
        newQueryString = "?";
    else
        newQueryString += "&";
    newQueryString += parameterName + "=" + parameterValue;

    return urlParts[0] + newQueryString;
}

另外，我从stackoverflow上的另一篇文章中找到了这个jQuery插件，如果你需要更多的灵活性，你可以使用它: http://plugins.jquery.com/project/query-object

我认为代码应该是(还没有测试):

return $.query.parse(sourceUrl).set(parameterName, parameterValue).toString();