根据您的需要，管理持久数据有几个级别:

Store it on your host Use the flag -v host-path:container-path to persist container directory data to a host directory. Backups/restores happen by running a backup/restore container (such as tutumcloud/dockup) mounted to the same directory. Create a data container and mount its volumes to your application container Create a container that exports a data volume, use --volumes-from to mount that data into your application container. Backup/restore the same as the above solution. Use a Docker volume plugin that backs an external/third-party service Docker volume plugins allow your datasource to come from anywhere - NFS, AWS (S3, EFS, and EBS) Depending on the plugin/service, you can attach single or multiple containers to a single volume. Depending on the service, backups/restores may be automated for you. While this can be cumbersome to do manually, some orchestration solutions - such as Rancher - have it baked in and simple to use. Convoy is the easiest solution for doing this manually.

从Docker Compose 1.6开始，现在在Docker Compose中改进了对数据卷的支持。下面的合成文件将创建一个数据映像，该映像将在父容器重新启动(甚至删除)之间持续存在:

下面是博客公告:Compose 1.6:用于定义网络和卷的新Compose文件

这是一个合成文件的例子:

version: "2"

services:
  db:
    restart: on-failure:10
    image: postgres:9.4
    volumes:
      - "db-data:/var/lib/postgresql/data"
  web:
    restart: on-failure:10
    build: .
    command: gunicorn mypythonapp.wsgi:application -b :8000 --reload
    volumes:
      - .:/code
    ports:
      - "8000:8000"
    links:
      - db

volumes:
  db-data:

据我所知:这将创建一个数据卷容器(db_data)，它将在重新启动之间持续存在。

如果你运行:docker volume ls，你会看到你的卷被列出:

local               mypthonapp_db-data
...

您可以获得关于数据量的更多详细信息:

docker volume inspect mypthonapp_db-data
[
  {
    "Name": "mypthonapp_db-data",
    "Driver": "local",
    "Mountpoint": "/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/volumes/mypthonapp_db-data/_data"
  }
]

一些测试:

# Start the containers
docker-compose up -d

# .. input some data into the database
docker-compose run --rm web python manage.py migrate
docker-compose run --rm web python manage.py createsuperuser
...

# Stop and remove the containers:
docker-compose stop
docker-compose rm -f

# Start it back up again
docker-compose up -d

# Verify the data is still there
...
(it is)

# Stop and remove with the -v (volumes) tag:

docker-compose stop
docker=compose rm -f -v

# Up again ..
docker-compose up -d

# Check the data is still there:
...
(it is).

注:

您还可以在卷块中指定各种驱动程序。例如，你可以为db_data指定Flocker驱动程序: 卷: db-data: 司机:群 随着Docker Swarm和Docker Compose之间的集成越来越完善(并且可能开始将Flocker集成到Docker生态系统中(我听说Docker已经收购了Flocker)，我认为这种方法应该会变得越来越强大。

声明:这种方法很有前途，我在开发环境中成功地使用了它。我对在生产中使用它感到不安!

根据您的需要，管理持久数据有几个级别:

Store it on your host Use the flag -v host-path:container-path to persist container directory data to a host directory. Backups/restores happen by running a backup/restore container (such as tutumcloud/dockup) mounted to the same directory. Create a data container and mount its volumes to your application container Create a container that exports a data volume, use --volumes-from to mount that data into your application container. Backup/restore the same as the above solution. Use a Docker volume plugin that backs an external/third-party service Docker volume plugins allow your datasource to come from anywhere - NFS, AWS (S3, EFS, and EBS) Depending on the plugin/service, you can attach single or multiple containers to a single volume. Depending on the service, backups/restores may be automated for you. While this can be cumbersome to do manually, some orchestration solutions - such as Rancher - have it baked in and simple to use. Convoy is the easiest solution for doing this manually.

要保存或存储数据库数据，请确保docker-compose。Yml看起来就像 如果你想使用Dockerfile

version: '3.1'

services:
  php:
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
    ports:
      - 80:80
    volumes:
      - ./src:/var/www/html/
  db:
    image: mysql
    command: --default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password
    restart: always
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: example
    volumes:
      - mysql-data:/var/lib/mysql

  adminer:
    image: adminer
    restart: always
    ports:
      - 8080:8080
volumes:
  mysql-data:

你的docker-compose。Yml将看起来像 如果您想使用您的映像而不是Dockerfile

version: '3.1'   

services:
  php:
    image: php:7.4-apache
    ports:
      - 80:80
    volumes:
      - ./src:/var/www/html/
  db:
    image: mysql
    command: --default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password
    restart: always
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: example
    volumes:
      - mysql-data:/var/lib/mysql

  adminer:
    image: adminer
    restart: always
    ports:
      - 8080:8080
volumes:

如果你想存储或保存mysql的数据，那么 必须记得在docker-compose.yml中添加两行

volumes:
  - mysql-data:/var/lib/mysql

and

volumes:
  mysql-data:

之后使用此命令

docker-compose up -d

现在您的数据将被持久化，即使在使用此命令后也不会被删除

docker-compose down

额外:-但如果你想删除所有的数据，那么你将使用

docker-compose down -v

此外，您还可以使用此命令检查数据库数据列表

docker volume ls

DRIVER              VOLUME NAME
local               35c819179d883cf8a4355ae2ce391844fcaa534cb71dc9a3fd5c6a4ed862b0d4
local               133db2cc48919575fc35457d104cb126b1e7eb3792b8e69249c1cfd20826aac4
local               483d7b8fe09d9e96b483295c6e7e4a9d58443b2321e0862818159ba8cf0e1d39
local               725aa19ad0e864688788576c5f46e1f62dfc8cdf154f243d68fa186da04bc5ec
local               de265ce8fc271fc0ae49850650f9d3bf0492b6f58162698c26fce35694e6231c
local               phphelloworld_mysql-data

我最近写了一篇关于潜在解决方案和演示该技术的应用程序的文章。我发现它在开发和生产过程中非常有效。希望它能帮助或激发一些想法。

回购:https://github.com/LevInteractive/docker-nodejs-example 文章:http://lev-interactive.com/2015/03/30/docker-load-balanced-mongodb-persistence/

如果你想移动你的卷，你也应该看看Flocker。

自述:

Flocker是一个数据卷管理器和多主机Docker集群管理工具。有了它，您可以利用Linux上ZFS的强大功能，使用与用于无状态应用程序相同的工具来控制数据。 这意味着你可以在Docker中运行你的数据库、队列和键值存储，并且像移动应用程序的其他部分一样轻松。