使用Flutter版本2，请尝试以下操作

ElevatedButton(
    style: ButtonStyle(
        shape: MaterialStateProperty.all<OutlinedBorder>(
            RoundedRectangleBorder(
                side:
                    BorderSide(width: 1.0, color: Colors.red,
                borderRadius:
                    BorderRadius.circular(5.0),),),
        backgroundColor: MaterialStateProperty.all<Color>(Colors.red),
        foregroundColor: MaterialStateProperty.all<Color>(Colors.green),
        elevation:
            MaterialStateProperty.all<double>(8.0),
        padding: MaterialStateProperty.all<EdgeInsetsGeometry>(
            const EdgeInsets.symmetric(
                horizontal: 15.0,
                vertical: 10.0),),),
    onPressed: (){},
    child: Text('Button'),)

要在按钮中使用任何形状，请确保执行button小部件内的所有代码:

 **shape: RoundedRectangleBorder(
        borderRadius: new BorderRadius.circular(18.0),
        side: BorderSide(color: Colors.red) ),**

如果你想让它变成正方形，使用BorderRadius.circular(0.0)，它会自动把它变成正方形。

按钮是这样的:

下面是给出UI屏幕的所有源代码:

 Scaffold(
    backgroundColor: Color(0xFF8E44AD),
    body: new Center(
      child: Column(
        children: <Widget>[
          Container(
            margin: EdgeInsets.fromLTRB(90, 10, 20, 0),
            padding: new EdgeInsets.only(top: 92.0),
            child: Text(
              "Currency Converter",
              style: TextStyle(
                fontSize: 48,
                fontWeight: FontWeight.bold,
                color: Colors.white,
              ),
            ),
          ),
          Container(
            margin: EdgeInsets.only(),
            padding: EdgeInsets.all(25),
            child: TextFormField(
              decoration: new InputDecoration(
                filled: true,
                fillColor: Colors.white,
                labelText: "Amount",
                border: OutlineInputBorder(
                  borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(10),
                ),
              ),
            ),
          ),
          Container(
            padding: EdgeInsets.all(25),
            child: TextFormField(
              decoration: new InputDecoration(
                filled: true,
                fillColor: Colors.white,
                labelText: "From",
                border: OutlineInputBorder(
                  borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(10),
                ),
              ),
            ),
          ),
          Container(
            padding: EdgeInsets.all(25),
            child: TextFormField(
              decoration: new InputDecoration(
                  filled: true,
                  fillColor: Colors.white,
                  labelText: "To",
                  border: OutlineInputBorder(
                    borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(10),
                  )),
            ),
          ),
          SizedBox(height: 20.0),
          MaterialButton(
            height: 58,
            minWidth: 340,
            shape: RoundedRectangleBorder(
                borderRadius: new BorderRadius.circular(12)),
            onPressed: () {},
            child: Text(
              "CONVERT",
              style: TextStyle(
                fontSize: 24,
                color: Colors.black,
              ),
            ),
            color: Color(0xFFF7CA18),
          ),
        ],
      ),
    ),
  ),
);

addButton() {
return Row(
  mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
  children: <Widget>[
    Padding(
      padding: const EdgeInsets.symmetric(vertical: 10.0),
      child: SizedBox(
        height: 45,
        width: 200,
        child: ElevatedButton.icon(
          onPressed: () async {},
          style: ButtonStyle(
            shape: MaterialStateProperty.all<RoundedRectangleBorder>(
                RoundedRectangleBorder(
                    borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(30.0),
                  )),
            elevation: MaterialStateProperty.all(1),
            backgroundColor: MaterialStateProperty.all(Colors.blue),
          ),
          icon: Icon(Icons.add, size: 18),
          label: Text("Add question"),
        ),
      ),
    ),
  ],
);

}

2020年9月起，Flutter 1.22.0:

“RaisedButton”和“FlatButton”都已弃用。

最新的解决方案是使用新的按钮:

1. ElevatedButton:

代码:

ElevatedButton(
  child: Text("ElevatedButton"),
  onPressed: () => print("it's pressed"),
  style: ElevatedButton.styleFrom(
    primary: Colors.red,
    onPrimary: Colors.white,
    shape: RoundedRectangleBorder(
      borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(32.0),
    ),
  ),
)

别忘了，还有一个.icon构造函数可以方便地添加图标:

ElevatedButton.icon(
  icon: Icon(Icons.thumb_up),
  label: Text("Like"),
  onPressed: () => print("it's pressed"),
  style: ElevatedButton.styleFrom(
    shape: RoundedRectangleBorder(
      borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(32.0),
    ),
  ),
)

2. OutlinedButton:

代码:

OutlinedButton.icon(
  icon: Icon(Icons.star_outline),
  label: Text("OutlinedButton"),
  onPressed: () => print("it's pressed"),
  style: ElevatedButton.styleFrom(
    side: BorderSide(width: 2.0, color: Colors.blue),
    shape: RoundedRectangleBorder(
      borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(32.0),
    ),
  ),
)

3. TextButton:

如果你不想要轮廓或颜色填充，你总是可以使用TextButton。

您可以使用ElevatedButton小部件。提升的按钮小部件有一个shape属性，您可以使用该属性，如下面的代码片段所示。

ElevatedButton(
      style: ButtonStyle(
          shape: MaterialStateProperty.all<RoundedRectangleBorder>(
              RoundedRectangleBorder(
                  borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(18.0),
                  side: BorderSide(
                      color: Colors.teal, 
                      width: 2.0,
                  ),
              ),
          ),
      ),
      child: Text('Submit'),
      onPressed: () {},
),

RaisedButton(
          child: Text("Button"),
          onPressed: (){},
          shape: RoundedRectangleBorder(borderRadius: new BorderRadius.circular(30.0),
          side: BorderSide(color: Colors.red))
        )