下面的位运算符在现实世界中有哪些用例?

和 XOR 不 或 左/右转


当前回答

河内塔线性解采用位运算来解决问题。

public static void linear(char start, char temp, char end, int discs)
{
    int from,to;
    for (int i = 1; i < (1 << discs); i++) {
        from = (i & i-1) % 3;
        to = ((i | i-1) + 1) % 3;
        System.out.println(from+" => "+to);
    }
}

这个解决方案的解释可以在这里找到

其他回答

我见过它们在基于角色的访问控制系统中使用。

Bit fields (flags) They're the most efficient way of representing something whose state is defined by several "yes or no" properties. ACLs are a good example; if you have let's say 4 discrete permissions (read, write, execute, change policy), it's better to store this in 1 byte rather than waste 4. These can be mapped to enumeration types in many languages for added convenience. Communication over ports/sockets Always involves checksums, parity, stop bits, flow control algorithms, and so on, which usually depend on the logic values of individual bytes as opposed to numeric values, since the medium may only be capable of transmitting one bit at a time. Compression, Encryption Both of these are heavily dependent on bitwise algorithms. Look at the deflate algorithm for an example - everything is in bits, not bytes. Finite State Machines I'm speaking primarily of the kind embedded in some piece of hardware, although they can be found in software too. These are combinatorial in nature - they might literally be getting "compiled" down to a bunch of logic gates, so they have to be expressed as AND, OR, NOT, etc. Graphics There's hardly enough space here to get into every area where these operators are used in graphics programming. XOR (or ^) is particularly interesting here because applying the same input a second time will undo the first. Older GUIs used to rely on this for selection highlighting and other overlays, in order to eliminate the need for costly redraws. They're still useful in slow graphics protocols (i.e. remote desktop).

这些只是我最先想到的几个例子——这不是一个详尽的清单。

这是一个从字节格式的位图图像中读取颜色的例子

byte imagePixel = 0xCCDDEE; /* Image in RRGGBB format R=Red, G=Green, B=Blue */

//To only have red
byte redColour = imagePixel & 0xFF0000; /*Bitmasking with AND operator */

//Now, we only want red colour
redColour = (redColour >> 24) & 0xFF;  /* This now returns a red colour between 0x00 and 0xFF.

我希望这个小例子可以帮助....

它在sql关系模型中也很方便,假设你有以下表:BlogEntry, BlogCategory

传统上,你可以使用BlogEntryCategory表在它们之间创建一个n-n关系 或者当没有那么多的BlogCategory记录时,你可以在BlogEntry中使用一个值来链接到多个BlogCategory记录,就像你会用标记的枚举做的那样, 在大多数RDBMS中,也有一个非常快速的操作符来选择'标记'列…

我一直假设按位操作是相当简单的操作,所以当运行时间至关重要时,通过bitset实现的解决方案可以通过恒定的数量提高运行时间,这取决于算法。