在PHP中,您可以。。。

range(1, 3); // Array(1, 2, 3)
range("A", "C"); // Array("A", "B", "C")

也就是说,有一个函数可以通过传递上下限来获得一系列数字或字符。

JavaScript本机是否有内置的功能?如果没有,我将如何实施?


当前回答

已经给出了非常好的答案,但我没有看到ES6迭代器的完整使用来实现范围的完整实现,所以这里是:

/**
 * inspired by Python's built-in range utility function
 * implemented using ES6 Iterable, Iterator  protolols (interfaces)
 */
class Range {
  constructor(...args) {
    this.start = args.length <= 1 ? 0 : args[0];
    this.end = args.length <= 1 ? args[0] || 0 : args[1];
    this.step = args.length <= 2 ? 1 : args[2];
  }

  [Symbol.iterator]() {
    return this;
  }

  next() {
    if (this.end > this.start) {
      const result = { done: false, value: this.start };
      this.start = this.start + this.step;
      return result;
    } else return { done: true, value: undefined };
  }
}

/**
 * Symbol.iterator is part of the couple of inbuilt symbols
 * available in JavaScript. It allows for hooking into the
 * inbuilt for of iteration mechanism. This is why the
 * Symbol.iterator comes into play when talking about
 * iterables and iterators in JavaScript.
 */

function range(...args) {
  return new Range(...args);
}

console.log([...range(4)]);        // [0, 1, 2, 3]
console.log([...range(2, 5)]);     // [2, 3, 4]
console.log([...range(1, 10, 3)]); // [1, 4, 7]

其他回答

// range()              0..10, step=1
// range(max)           0..max, step=1
// range(min,max)       min..max, step=1
// range(min,step,max)  min..max, step=step
// Use:
// console.log(...range(3));
// Array.from(range(5))
// [...range(100)]
// for (const v of range(1,10)) { ... 

function* range(...args) {
    let [min, step, max] = {
        0: [0, 1, 10],
        1: [0, args[0] >= 0 ? 1 : -1, args[0]],
        2: [args[0], args[1] >= args[0] ? 1 : -1, args[1]],
        3: args,
    }[args.length] || [];
    if (min === undefined) throw new SyntaxError("Too many arguments");
    let x = min;
    while (step >= 0 ? x < max : x > max) {
        yield x;
        x += step
    }
}
console.log(...range());      // 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
console.log(...range(3));     // 0 1 2
console.log(...range(2, 5));  // 2 3 4
console.log(...range(5, 2));  // 5 4 3
console.log(...range(3, -3)); // 3 2 1 0 -1 -2
console.log(...range(-3, 3)); // -3 -2 -1 0 1 2
console.log(...range(-5, -2));// -5 -4 -3
console.log(...range(-2, -5));// -2 -3 -4

这里是一个范围函数的定义,它的行为与Python的范围类型完全相同,只是这个函数不是懒惰的。把它变成发电机应该很容易。

范围构造函数的参数必须是数字。如果省略step参数,则默认为1。如果省略了start参数,则默认为0。如果步骤为零,则会引发错误。

range = (start, stop, step=1) => {
    if(step === 0) throw new Error("range() arg 3 must not be zero");

    const noStart = stop == null;
    stop = noStart ? start : stop;
    start = noStart ? 0 : start;
    const length = Math.ceil(((stop - start) / step));

    return Array.from({length}, (_, i) => (i * step) + start);
}

console.log(range(-10, 10, 2));
//output [Array] [-10,-8,-6,-4,-2,0,2,4,6,8]
console.log(range(10));
// [Array] [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
console.log(3, 12);
// [Array] [3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11]
/**
 * @param {!number|[!number,!number]} sizeOrRange Can be the `size` of the range (1st signature) or a
 *   `[from, to]`-shape array (2nd signature) that represents a pair of the *starting point (inclusive)* and the
 *   *ending point (exclusive)* of the range (*mathematically, a left-closed/right-open interval: `[from, to)`*).
 * @param {!number} [fromOrStep] 1st signature: `[from=0]`. 2nd signature: `[step=1]`
 * @param {!number} [stepOrNothing] 1st signature: `[step=1]`. 2nd signature: NOT-BEING-USED
 * @example
 * range(5) ==> [0, 1, 2, 3, 4] // size: 5
 * range(4, 5)    ==> [5, 6, 7, 8]  // size: 4, starting from: 5
 * range(4, 5, 2) ==> [5, 7, 9, 11] // size: 4, starting from: 5, step: 2
 * range([2, 5]) ==> [2, 3, 4] // [2, 5) // from: 2 (inclusive), to: 5 (exclusive)
 * range([1, 6], 2) ==> [1, 3, 5] // from: 1, to: 6, step: 2
 * range([1, 7], 2) ==> [1, 3, 5] // from: 1, to: 7 (exclusive), step: 2
 * @see {@link https://stackoverflow.com/a/72388871/5318303}
 */
export function range (sizeOrRange, fromOrStep, stepOrNothing) {
  let from, to, step, size
  if (sizeOrRange instanceof Array) { // 2nd signature: `range([from, to], step)`
    [from, to] = sizeOrRange
    step = fromOrStep ?? 1
    size = Math.ceil((to - from) / step)
  } else { // 1st signature: `range(size, from, step)`
    size = sizeOrRange
    from = fromOrStep ?? 0
    step = stepOrNothing ?? 1
  }
  return Array.from({length: size}, (_, i) => from + i * step)
}

示例:

控制台日志(范围(5),//[0,1,2,3,4]//size:5范围([2,5]),//[2,3,4]//[2、5)//从:2(含)到:5(不含)范围(4,2),//[2,3,4,5]//大小:4,从:2开始范围([1,6],2),//[1,3,5]//从:1到:6,步骤:2范围([1,7],2),//[1,3,5]//从:1到:7(不含),步骤:2)<脚本>函数范围(sizeOrRange、fromOrStep、stepOrNothing){让从、到、步长、大小if(sizeOrRange instanceof Array){//第二个签名:`range([from,to],step)`[from,to]=sizeOrRange步骤=来自或步骤??1.size=数学ceil((to-from)/步长)}else{//第一个签名:`range(大小,从,步)`size=sizeOrRangefrom=来自或步骤??0step=stepOrNothing??1.}return Array.from({length:size},(_,i)=>from+i*step)}</script>

也可以使用生成器生成序列。不同之处在于序列中的每个值都是延迟加载的。spread运算符和for为结果工作。星号符号使函数成为生成器。

const range = function*(from,to) {   
    for(let i = from; i <= to; i++) yield I;   
};   

[...range(3,5)]// => [3, 4, 5]

我个人最喜欢的:

const range = (start, end) => new Array(end-start+1).fill().map((el, ind) => ind + start);