我看了一下上面的一些答案，我不建议使用@Dan的答案(12月15日至10日)中的模式，因为它错误地将近0.4%的有效邮政编码标记为无效，而其他的则没有。

军械测量所提供的代号开放服务包括:

包含英国所有当前邮政编码单位的列表

我使用grep从这些数据中针对完整的邮政编码列表(7月6日至13日)运行了上面的每个正则表达式:

cat CSV/*.csv |
    # Strip leading quotes
    sed -e 's/^"//g' |
    # Strip trailing quote and everything after it
    sed -e 's/".*//g' |
    # Strip any spaces
    sed -E -e 's/ +//g' |
    # Find any lines that do not match the expression
    grep --invert-match --perl-regexp "$pattern"

邮政编码共有1,686,202个。

以下是与每个$模式不匹配的有效邮政编码的数量:

'^([A-PR-UWYZ0-9][A-HK-Y0-9][AEHMNPRTVXY0-9]?[ABEHMNPRVWXY0-9]?[0-9][ABD-HJLN-UW-Z]{2}|GIR 0AA)$'
# => 6016 (0.36%)

'^(GIR ?0AA|[A-PR-UWYZ]([0-9]{1,2}|([A-HK-Y][0-9]([0-9ABEHMNPRV-Y])?)|[0-9][A-HJKPS-UW]) ?[0-9][ABD-HJLNP-UW-Z]{2})$'
# => 0

'^GIR[ ]?0AA|((AB|AL|B|BA|BB|BD|BH|BL|BN|BR|BS|BT|BX|CA|CB|CF|CH|CM|CO|CR|CT|CV|CW|DA|DD|DE|DG|DH|DL|DN|DT|DY|E|EC|EH|EN|EX|FK|FY|G|GL|GY|GU|HA|HD|HG|HP|HR|HS|HU|HX|IG|IM|IP|IV|JE|KA|KT|KW|KY|L|LA|LD|LE|LL|LN|LS|LU|M|ME|MK|ML|N|NE|NG|NN|NP|NR|NW|OL|OX|PA|PE|PH|PL|PO|PR|RG|RH|RM|S|SA|SE|SG|SK|SL|SM|SN|SO|SP|SR|SS|ST|SW|SY|TA|TD|TF|TN|TQ|TR|TS|TW|UB|W|WA|WC|WD|WF|WN|WR|WS|WV|YO|ZE)(\d[\dA-Z]?[ ]?\d[ABD-HJLN-UW-Z]{2}))|BFPO[ ]?\d{1,4}$'
# => 0

当然，这些结果只处理被错误地标记为无效的有效邮政编码。所以:

'^.*$'
# => 0

在过滤无效邮编方面，我并没有说哪种模式是最好的。

在这个列表中添加一个更实用的正则表达式，允许用户输入一个空字符串:

^$|^(([gG][iI][rR] {0,}0[aA]{2})|((([a-pr-uwyzA-PR-UWYZ][a-hk-yA-HK-Y]?[0-9][0-9]?)|(([a-pr-uwyzA-PR-UWYZ][0-9][a-hjkstuwA-HJKSTUW])|([a-pr-uwyzA-PR-UWYZ][a-hk-yA-HK-Y][0-9][abehmnprv-yABEHMNPRV-Y]))) {0,1}[0-9][abd-hjlnp-uw-zABD-HJLNP-UW-Z]{2}))$

这个正则表达式允许大写字母和小写字母，中间有可选的空格

从软件开发人员的角度来看，这个正则表达式对于地址可能是可选的软件很有用。例如，如果用户不想提供他们的地址详细信息

下面的方法将检查邮政编码并提供完整的信息

const isValidUKPostcode = postcode => {
    try {
        postcode = postcode.replace(/\s/g, "");
        const fromat = postcode
            .toUpperCase()
            .match(/^([A-Z]{1,2}\d{1,2}[A-Z]?)\s*(\d[A-Z]{2})$/);
        const finalValue = `${fromat[1]} ${fromat[2]}`;
        const regex = /^([Gg][Ii][Rr] 0[Aa]{2})|((([A-Za-z][0-9]{1,2})|(([A-Za-z][A-Ha-hJ-Yj-y][0-9]{1,2})|(([AZa-z][0-9][A-Za-z])|([A-Za-z][A-Ha-hJ-Yj-y][0-9]?[A-Za-z]))))[0-9][A-Za-z]{2})$/i;
        return {
            isValid: regex.test(postcode),
            formatedPostCode: finalValue,
            error: false,
            message: 'It is a valid postcode'
        };
    } catch (error) {
        return { error: true , message: 'Invalid postcode'};
    }
};

console.log(isValidUKPostcode('GU348RR'))
{isValid: true, formattedPostcode: "GU34 8RR", error: false, message: "It is a valid postcode"}

console.log(isValidUKPostcode('sdasd4746asd'))
{error: true, message: "Invalid postcode!"}

valid_postcode('787898523')
result => {error: true, message: "Invalid postcode"}

基本规则:

^[A-Z]{1,2}[0-9R][0-9A-Z]? [0-9][ABD-HJLNP-UW-Z]{2}$

英国的邮政编码(或称为邮政编码)由5到7个字母数字字符组成，中间用空格隔开。规定哪些角色可以出现在特定位置的规则相当复杂，而且充满了例外。因此，刚才显示的正则表达式遵循基本规则。

完整的规则:

如果你需要一个以牺牲可读性为代价的正则表达式来满足所有的邮政编码规则，这里你可以:

^(?:(?:[A-PR-UWYZ][0-9]{1,2}|[A-PR-UWYZ][A-HK-Y][0-9]{1,2}|[A-PR-UWYZ][0-9][A-HJKSTUW]|[A-PR-UWYZ][A-HK-Y][0-9][ABEHMNPRV-Y]) [0-9][ABD-HJLNP-UW-Z]{2}|GIR 0AA)$

来源:https://www.safaribooksonline.com/library/view/regular-expressions-cookbook/9781449327453/ch04s16.html

在我们的客户数据库中进行了测试，似乎非常准确。

虽然这里有很多答案，但我对其中任何一个都不满意。他们中的大多数只是简单地坏了，太复杂或只是坏了。

我看了@ctwheels的答案，我发现它非常具有解释性和正确性;我们必须为此感谢他。然而，对我来说，如此简单的事情又有太多的“数据”了。

幸运的是，我设法获得了一个数据库，其中仅包含英国的100多万个活动邮政编码，并编写了一个小型PowerShell脚本来测试和基准测试结果。

英国邮政编码规格:有效的邮政编码格式。

这是“我的”正则表达式:

^([a-zA-Z]{1,2}[a-zA-Z\d]{1,2})\s(\d[a-zA-Z]{2})$

简短，简单，甜蜜。即使是最没有经验的人也能明白发生了什么。

解释:

^ asserts position at start of a line
    1st Capturing Group ([a-zA-Z]{1,2}[a-zA-Z\d]{1,2})
        Match a single character present in the list below [a-zA-Z]
        {1,2} matches the previous token between 1 and 2 times, as many times as possible, giving back as needed (greedy)
        a-z matches a single character in the range between a (index 97) and z (index 122) (case sensitive)
        A-Z matches a single character in the range between A (index 65) and Z (index 90) (case sensitive)
        Match a single character present in the list below [a-zA-Z\d]
        {1,2} matches the previous token between 1 and 2 times, as many times as possible, giving back as needed (greedy)
        a-z matches a single character in the range between a (index 97) and z (index 122) (case sensitive)
        A-Z matches a single character in the range between A (index 65) and Z (index 90) (case sensitive)
        \d matches a digit (equivalent to [0-9])
        \s matches any whitespace character (equivalent to [\r\n\t\f\v ])
    2nd Capturing Group (\d[a-zA-Z]{2})
        \d matches a digit (equivalent to [0-9])
        Match a single character present in the list below [a-zA-Z]
        {2} matches the previous token exactly 2 times
        a-z matches a single character in the range between a (index 97) and z (index 122) (case sensitive)
        A-Z matches a single character in the range between A (index 65) and Z (index 90) (case sensitive)
$ asserts position at the end of a line

结果(已核对邮编):

TOTAL OK: 1469193
TOTAL FAILED: 0
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Days              : 0
Hours             : 0
Minutes           : 5
Seconds           : 22
Milliseconds      : 718
Ticks             : 3227185939
TotalDays         : 0.00373516891087963
TotalHours        : 0.0896440538611111
TotalMinutes      : 5.37864323166667
TotalSeconds      : 322.7185939
TotalMilliseconds : 322718.5939

^([A-PR-UWYZ0-9][A-HK-Y0-9][AEHMNPRTVXY0-9]?[ABEHMNPRVWXY0-9]? {1,2}[0-9][ABD-HJLN-UW-Z]{2}|GIR 0AA)$

Regular expression to match valid UK postcodes. In the UK postal system not all letters are used in all positions (the same with vehicle registration plates) and there are various rules to govern this. This regex takes into account those rules. Details of the rules: First half of postcode Valid formats [A-Z][A-Z][0-9][A-Z] [A-Z][A-Z][0-9][0-9] [A-Z][0-9][0-9] [A-Z][A-Z][0-9] [A-Z][A-Z][A-Z] [A-Z][0-9][A-Z] [A-Z][0-9] Exceptions Position - First. Contraint - QVX not used Position - Second. Contraint - IJZ not used except in GIR 0AA Position - Third. Constraint - AEHMNPRTVXY only used Position - Forth. Contraint - ABEHMNPRVWXY Second half of postcode Valid formats [0-9][A-Z][A-Z] Exceptions Position - Second and Third. Contraint - CIKMOV not used

http://regexlib.com/REDetails.aspx?regexp_id=260