如何获得方法的执行时间? 是否有Timer实用程序类来计时任务所需的时间等?
在谷歌上的大多数搜索都返回调度线程和任务的计时器的结果，这不是我想要的。
当前回答
把所有可能的方法都集中在一个地方。
Date
Date startDate = Calendar.getInstance().getTime();
long d_StartTime = new Date().getTime();
Thread.sleep(1000 * 4);
Date endDate = Calendar.getInstance().getTime();
long d_endTime = new Date().getTime();
System.out.format("StartDate : %s, EndDate : %s \n", startDate, endDate);
System.out.format("Milli = %s, ( D_Start : %s, D_End : %s ) \n", (d_endTime - d_StartTime),d_StartTime, d_endTime);
System.currentTimeMillis（）
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
Thread.sleep(1000 * 4);
long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
long duration = (endTime - startTime);
System.out.format("Milli = %s, ( S_Start : %s, S_End : %s ) \n", duration, startTime, endTime );
System.out.println("Human-Readable format : "+millisToShortDHMS( duration ) );
人类可读格式
public static String millisToShortDHMS(long duration) {
String res = ""; // java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
long days = TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toDays(duration);
long hours = TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toHours(duration) -
TimeUnit.DAYS.toHours(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toDays(duration));
long minutes = TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toMinutes(duration) -
TimeUnit.HOURS.toMinutes(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toHours(duration));
long seconds = TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toSeconds(duration) -
TimeUnit.MINUTES.toSeconds(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toMinutes(duration));
long millis = TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toMillis(duration) -
TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toSeconds(duration));
if (days == 0) res = String.format("%02d:%02d:%02d.%04d", hours, minutes, seconds, millis);
else res = String.format("%dd %02d:%02d:%02d.%04d", days, hours, minutes, seconds, millis);
return res;
}
Stopwatch的一个对象是测量以纳秒为单位的时间。
com.google.common.base.Stopwatch g_SW = Stopwatch.createUnstarted();
g_SW.start();
Thread.sleep(1000 * 4);
g_SW.stop();
System.out.println("Google StopWatch : "+g_SW);
Apache Commons LangJAR «StopWatch为计时提供了方便的API。
org.apache.commons.lang3.time.StopWatch sw = new StopWatch();
sw.start();
Thread.sleep(1000 * 4);
sw.stop();
System.out.println("Apache StopWatch : "+ millisToShortDHMS(sw.getTime()) );
乔达时间
public static void jodaTime() throws InterruptedException, ParseException{
java.text.SimpleDateFormat ms_SDF = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss.SSS");
String start = ms_SDF.format( new Date() ); // java.util.Date
Thread.sleep(10000);
String end = ms_SDF.format( new Date() );
System.out.println("Start:"+start+"\t Stop:"+end);
Date date_1 = ms_SDF.parse(start);
Date date_2 = ms_SDF.parse(end);
Interval interval = new org.joda.time.Interval( date_1.getTime(), date_2.getTime() );
Period period = interval.toPeriod(); //org.joda.time.Period
System.out.format("%dY/%dM/%dD, %02d:%02d:%02d.%04d \n",
period.getYears(), period.getMonths(), period.getDays(),
period.getHours(), period.getMinutes(), period.getSeconds(), period.getMillis());
}
Duration对象表示两个Instant对象之间的一段时间。
Instant start = java.time.Instant.now();
Thread.sleep(1000);
Instant end = java.time.Instant.now();
Duration between = java.time.Duration.between(start, end);
System.out.println( between ); // PT1.001S
System.out.format("%dD, %02d:%02d:%02d.%04d \n", between.toDays(),
between.toHours(), between.toMinutes(), between.getSeconds(), between.toMillis()); // 0D, 00:00:01.1001
Spring Framework提供了StopWatch实用程序类来测量Java中的运行时间。
StopWatch sw = new org.springframework.util.StopWatch();
sw.start("Method-1"); // Start a named task
Thread.sleep(500);
sw.stop();
sw.start("Method-2");
Thread.sleep(300);
sw.stop();
sw.start("Method-3");
Thread.sleep(200);
sw.stop();
System.out.println("Total time in milliseconds for all tasks :\n"+sw.getTotalTimeMillis());
System.out.println("Table describing all tasks performed :\n"+sw.prettyPrint());
System.out.format("Time taken by the last task : [%s]:[%d]",
sw.getLastTaskName(),sw.getLastTaskTimeMillis());
System.out.println("\n Array of the data for tasks performed « Task Name: Time Taken");
TaskInfo[] listofTasks = sw.getTaskInfo();
for (TaskInfo task : listofTasks) {
System.out.format("[%s]:[%d]\n",
task.getTaskName(), task.getTimeMillis());
}
输出:
Total time in milliseconds for all tasks :
999
Table describing all tasks performed :
StopWatch '': running time (millis) = 999
-----------------------------------------
ms % Task name
-----------------------------------------
00500 050% Method-1
00299 030% Method-2
00200 020% Method-3
Time taken by the last task : [Method-3]:[200]
Array of the data for tasks performed « Task Name: Time Taken
[Method-1]:[500]
[Method-2]:[299]
[Method-3]:[200]
其他回答
如果java有更好的功能支持就好了，这样需要测量的动作就可以被包装到一个块中:
measure {
// your operation here
}
在java中，这可以通过匿名函数来完成，看起来太冗长了
public interface Timer {
void wrap();
}
public class Logger {
public static void logTime(Timer timer) {
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
timer.wrap();
System.out.println("" + (System.currentTimeMillis() - start) + "ms");
}
public static void main(String a[]) {
Logger.logTime(new Timer() {
public void wrap() {
// Your method here
timeConsumingOperation();
}
});
}
public static void timeConsumingOperation() {
for (int i = 0; i<=10000; i++) {
System.out.println("i=" +i);
}
}
}
我们也可以使用Apache公共的StopWatch类来测量时间。
示例代码
org.apache.commons.lang.time.StopWatch sw = new org.apache.commons.lang.time.StopWatch();
System.out.println("getEventFilterTreeData :: Start Time : " + sw.getTime());
sw.start();
// Method execution code
sw.stop();
System.out.println("getEventFilterTreeData :: End Time : " + sw.getTime());
把所有可能的方法都集中在一个地方。
Date
Date startDate = Calendar.getInstance().getTime();
long d_StartTime = new Date().getTime();
Thread.sleep(1000 * 4);
Date endDate = Calendar.getInstance().getTime();
long d_endTime = new Date().getTime();
System.out.format("StartDate : %s, EndDate : %s \n", startDate, endDate);
System.out.format("Milli = %s, ( D_Start : %s, D_End : %s ) \n", (d_endTime - d_StartTime),d_StartTime, d_endTime);
System.currentTimeMillis（）
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
Thread.sleep(1000 * 4);
long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
long duration = (endTime - startTime);
System.out.format("Milli = %s, ( S_Start : %s, S_End : %s ) \n", duration, startTime, endTime );
System.out.println("Human-Readable format : "+millisToShortDHMS( duration ) );
人类可读格式
public static String millisToShortDHMS(long duration) {
String res = ""; // java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
long days = TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toDays(duration);
long hours = TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toHours(duration) -
TimeUnit.DAYS.toHours(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toDays(duration));
long minutes = TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toMinutes(duration) -
TimeUnit.HOURS.toMinutes(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toHours(duration));
long seconds = TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toSeconds(duration) -
TimeUnit.MINUTES.toSeconds(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toMinutes(duration));
long millis = TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toMillis(duration) -
TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toSeconds(duration));
if (days == 0) res = String.format("%02d:%02d:%02d.%04d", hours, minutes, seconds, millis);
else res = String.format("%dd %02d:%02d:%02d.%04d", days, hours, minutes, seconds, millis);
return res;
}
Stopwatch的一个对象是测量以纳秒为单位的时间。
com.google.common.base.Stopwatch g_SW = Stopwatch.createUnstarted();
g_SW.start();
Thread.sleep(1000 * 4);
g_SW.stop();
System.out.println("Google StopWatch : "+g_SW);
Apache Commons LangJAR «StopWatch为计时提供了方便的API。
org.apache.commons.lang3.time.StopWatch sw = new StopWatch();
sw.start();
Thread.sleep(1000 * 4);
sw.stop();
System.out.println("Apache StopWatch : "+ millisToShortDHMS(sw.getTime()) );
乔达时间
public static void jodaTime() throws InterruptedException, ParseException{
java.text.SimpleDateFormat ms_SDF = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss.SSS");
String start = ms_SDF.format( new Date() ); // java.util.Date
Thread.sleep(10000);
String end = ms_SDF.format( new Date() );
System.out.println("Start:"+start+"\t Stop:"+end);
Date date_1 = ms_SDF.parse(start);
Date date_2 = ms_SDF.parse(end);
Interval interval = new org.joda.time.Interval( date_1.getTime(), date_2.getTime() );
Period period = interval.toPeriod(); //org.joda.time.Period
System.out.format("%dY/%dM/%dD, %02d:%02d:%02d.%04d \n",
period.getYears(), period.getMonths(), period.getDays(),
period.getHours(), period.getMinutes(), period.getSeconds(), period.getMillis());
}
Duration对象表示两个Instant对象之间的一段时间。
Instant start = java.time.Instant.now();
Thread.sleep(1000);
Instant end = java.time.Instant.now();
Duration between = java.time.Duration.between(start, end);
System.out.println( between ); // PT1.001S
System.out.format("%dD, %02d:%02d:%02d.%04d \n", between.toDays(),
between.toHours(), between.toMinutes(), between.getSeconds(), between.toMillis()); // 0D, 00:00:01.1001
Spring Framework提供了StopWatch实用程序类来测量Java中的运行时间。
StopWatch sw = new org.springframework.util.StopWatch();
sw.start("Method-1"); // Start a named task
Thread.sleep(500);
sw.stop();
sw.start("Method-2");
Thread.sleep(300);
sw.stop();
sw.start("Method-3");
Thread.sleep(200);
sw.stop();
System.out.println("Total time in milliseconds for all tasks :\n"+sw.getTotalTimeMillis());
System.out.println("Table describing all tasks performed :\n"+sw.prettyPrint());
System.out.format("Time taken by the last task : [%s]:[%d]",
sw.getLastTaskName(),sw.getLastTaskTimeMillis());
System.out.println("\n Array of the data for tasks performed « Task Name: Time Taken");
TaskInfo[] listofTasks = sw.getTaskInfo();
for (TaskInfo task : listofTasks) {
System.out.format("[%s]:[%d]\n",
task.getTaskName(), task.getTimeMillis());
}
输出:
Total time in milliseconds for all tasks :
999
Table describing all tasks performed :
StopWatch '': running time (millis) = 999
-----------------------------------------
ms % Task name
-----------------------------------------
00500 050% Method-1
00299 030% Method-2
00200 020% Method-3
Time taken by the last task : [Method-3]:[200]
Array of the data for tasks performed « Task Name: Time Taken
[Method-1]:[500]
[Method-2]:[299]
[Method-3]:[200]
我的答案很简单。对我有用。
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
doReallyLongThing();
long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("That took " + (endTime - startTime) + " milliseconds");
它运行得很好。分辨率显然只有毫秒级，使用System.nanoTime()可以做得更好。这两种方法都有一些限制(操作系统调度切片等)，但效果很好。
平均几次运行(越多越好)，你就会得到一个不错的想法。
纯Java SE代码，不需要添加依赖项，使用TimeTracedExecuter:
public static void main(String[] args) {
Integer square = new TimeTracedExecutor<>(Main::calculateSquare)
.executeWithInput("calculate square of num",5,logger);
}
public static int calculateSquare(int num){
return num*num;
}
会产生这样的结果:
信息:计算num的平方需要3毫秒
自定义可重用类:TimeTracedExecutor
import java.text.NumberFormat;
import java.time.Duration;
import java.time.Instant;
import java.util.function.Function;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
public class TimeTracedExecutor<T,R> {
Function<T,R> methodToExecute;
public TimeTracedExecutor(Function<T, R> methodToExecute) {
this.methodToExecute = methodToExecute;
}
public R executeWithInput(String taskDescription, T t, Logger logger){
Instant start = Instant.now();
R r= methodToExecute.apply(t);
Instant finish = Instant.now();
String format = "It took %s milliseconds to "+taskDescription;
String elapsedTime = NumberFormat.getNumberInstance().format(Duration.between(start, finish).toMillis());
logger.info(String.format(format, elapsedTime));
return r;
}
}
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