我通常至少有3个远程分支:master、staging和production。我有3个本地分支来跟踪这些远程分支。
更新我所有的本地分支是乏味的:
git fetch --all
git rebase origin/master
git checkout staging
git rebase origin/staging
git checkout production
git rebase origin/production
我很想做一个“git pull -all”，但我还没能让它工作。它似乎做了一个“fetch -all”，然后更新(快进或合并)当前工作的分支，但不包括其他本地分支。
我仍然需要手动切换到每个本地分支并进行更新。
当前回答
我知道这个问题已经提了将近3年了，但我也问过自己同样的问题，但没有找到任何现成的解决方案。所以，我自己创建了一个自定义的git命令shell脚本。
在这里，git-ffwd-update脚本执行以下操作…
it issues a git remote update to fetch the lates revs then uses git remote show to get a list of local branches that track a remote branch (e.g. branches that can be used with git pull) then it checks with git rev-list --count <REMOTE_BRANCH>..<LOCAL_BRANCH> how many commit the local branch is behind the remote (and ahead vice versa) if the local branch is 1 or more commits ahead, it can NOT be fast-forwarded and needs to be merged or rebased by hand if the local branch is 0 commits ahead and 1 or more commits behind, it can be fast-forwarded by git branch -f <LOCAL_BRANCH> -t <REMOTE_BRANCH>
脚本可以这样调用:
$ git ffwd-update
Fetching origin
branch bigcouch was 10 commit(s) behind of origin/bigcouch. resetting local branch to remote
branch develop was 3 commit(s) behind of origin/develop. resetting local branch to remote
branch master is 6 commit(s) behind and 1 commit(s) ahead of origin/master. could not be fast-forwarded
完整的脚本应该保存为git-ffwd-update，并且需要在PATH上。
#!/bin/bash
main() {
REMOTES="$@";
if [ -z "$REMOTES" ]; then
REMOTES=$(git remote);
fi
REMOTES=$(echo "$REMOTES" | xargs -n1 echo)
CLB=$(git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD);
echo "$REMOTES" | while read REMOTE; do
git remote update $REMOTE
git remote show $REMOTE -n \
| awk '/merges with remote/{print $5" "$1}' \
| while read RB LB; do
ARB="refs/remotes/$REMOTE/$RB";
ALB="refs/heads/$LB";
NBEHIND=$(( $(git rev-list --count $ALB..$ARB 2>/dev/null) +0));
NAHEAD=$(( $(git rev-list --count $ARB..$ALB 2>/dev/null) +0));
if [ "$NBEHIND" -gt 0 ]; then
if [ "$NAHEAD" -gt 0 ]; then
echo " branch $LB is $NBEHIND commit(s) behind and $NAHEAD commit(s) ahead of $REMOTE/$RB. could not be fast-forwarded";
elif [ "$LB" = "$CLB" ]; then
echo " branch $LB was $NBEHIND commit(s) behind of $REMOTE/$RB. fast-forward merge";
git merge -q $ARB;
else
echo " branch $LB was $NBEHIND commit(s) behind of $REMOTE/$RB. resetting local branch to remote";
git branch -f $LB -t $ARB >/dev/null;
fi
fi
done
done
}
main $@
其他回答
它可以使用下面的脚本…它将首先获取所有分支，逐个签出并自行更新。
#!/bin/bash
git branch -r | grep -v '\->' | while read remote; do git branch --track
"${remote#origin/}" "$remote"; done
set -x
CURRENT=`git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD`
git fetch --all
branch_name=$(git branch | awk '{print $1" "}' | grep -v '*' | xargs)
for branch in $branch_name; do
git checkout "$branch" || exit 1
git rebase "origin/$branch" || exit 1
git pull origin $branch|| exit 1
done
git checkout "$CURRENT" || exit 1
git pull || exit 1
这里有很多答案，但没有一个是使用git-fetch直接更新本地ref，这比检查分支简单得多，也比git-update-ref更安全。
这里我们使用git-fetch来更新非当前分支，而git pull——ff-only用于当前分支。它:
不需要检查分支机构 仅在可以快进的情况下更新分支 当它不能快进时会报告吗
就是这样:
#!/bin/bash
currentbranchref="$(git symbolic-ref HEAD 2>&-)"
git branch -r | grep -v ' -> ' | while read remotebranch
do
# Split <remote>/<branch> into remote and branchref parts
remote="${remotebranch%%/*}"
branchref="refs/heads/${remotebranch#*/}"
if [ "$branchref" == "$currentbranchref" ]
then
echo "Updating current branch $branchref from $remote..."
git pull --ff-only
else
echo "Updating non-current ref $branchref from $remote..."
git fetch "$remote" "$branchref:$branchref"
fi
done
从git-fetch的manpage:
<refspec>
The format of a <refspec> parameter is an optional plus +, followed by the source ref <src>,
followed by a colon :, followed by the destination ref <dst>.
The remote ref that matches <src> is fetched, and if <dst> is not empty string, the local ref
that matches it is fast-forwarded using <src>. If the optional plus + is used, the local ref is
updated even if it does not result in a fast-forward update.
通过指定git fetch <remote> <ref>:<ref>(没有任何+)，我们得到一个只在本地ref可以快进时更新它的fetch。
注意，这假设本地分支和远程分支的名称相同(并且您希望跟踪所有分支)，它实际上应该使用关于您拥有哪些本地分支以及它们被设置为跟踪的内容的信息。
不知道这是否可以，但如果我想快进多个分支，我通常会调用
git pull origin master staging production
如果我想推送多个分支，我会调用
git push origin master staging production
但只有当所有提到的分支都不需要任何形式的合并时，两者才有效。
我使用hub的sync子命令来实现自动化。我在我的.bash_profile中有别名git=hub，所以我键入的命令是:
git sync
这将更新具有匹配上游分支的所有本地分支。从手册页:
如果本地分支已经过时，快进; 如果本地分支包含未推送的工作，请对此发出警告; 如果分支显示为已合并，且上游分支已被删除，则删除该分支。
它还处理在当前分支上存储/解存储未提交的更改。
我曾经使用过一个类似的工具，叫做git-up，但它不再被维护，git sync几乎做了完全相同的事情。
这里有一个很好的答案:如何获取所有git分支
for remote in `git branch -r`; do git branch --track $remote; done
git pull --all
