我通常至少有3个远程分支:master、staging和production。我有3个本地分支来跟踪这些远程分支。
更新我所有的本地分支是乏味的:
git fetch --all
git rebase origin/master
git checkout staging
git rebase origin/staging
git checkout production
git rebase origin/production
我很想做一个“git pull -all”，但我还没能让它工作。它似乎做了一个“fetch -all”，然后更新(快进或合并)当前工作的分支，但不包括其他本地分支。
我仍然需要手动切换到每个本地分支并进行更新。
当前回答
这里有一个很好的答案:如何获取所有git分支
for remote in `git branch -r`; do git branch --track $remote; done
git pull --all
其他回答
您为pull描述的行为——都完全符合预期，尽管不一定有用。该选项被传递给git fetch，然后从所有远程获取所有引用，而不仅仅是需要的一个;然后，Pull合并(或者在您的情况下，是重新创建)适当的单个分支。
如果你想查看其他分支机构，你就必须查看它们。是的，合并(和重基)绝对需要一个工作树，所以不检查其他分支就不能完成它们。如果愿意，您可以将所描述的步骤打包到脚本/别名中，不过我建议使用&&来连接命令，这样即使其中一个命令失败，它也不会尝试继续执行。
如果refs/heads/master可以快进到refs/remotes/foo/master，则
git merge-base refs/heads/master refs/remotes/foo/master
应该返回refs/heads/master指向的SHA1 id。这样，您就可以将一个脚本组合在一起，自动更新没有应用转移提交的所有本地分支。
这个小shell脚本(我称之为git-can-ff)说明了如何做到这一点。
#!/bin/sh
set -x
usage() {
echo "usage: $(basename $0) <from-ref> <to-ref>" >&2
exit 2
}
[ $# -ne 2 ] && usage
FROM_REF=$1
TO_REF=$2
FROM_HASH=$(git show-ref --hash $FROM_REF)
TO_HASH=$(git show-ref --hash $TO_REF)
BASE_HASH=$(git merge-base $FROM_REF $TO_REF)
if [ "$BASE_HASH" = "$FROM_HASH" -o \
"$BASE_HASH" = "$FROM_REF" ]; then
exit 0
else
exit 1
fi
不知道这是否可以，但如果我想快进多个分支，我通常会调用
git pull origin master staging production
如果我想推送多个分支，我会调用
git push origin master staging production
但只有当所有提到的分支都不需要任何形式的合并时，两者才有效。
我知道这个问题已经提了将近3年了，但我也问过自己同样的问题，但没有找到任何现成的解决方案。所以，我自己创建了一个自定义的git命令shell脚本。
在这里，git-ffwd-update脚本执行以下操作…
it issues a git remote update to fetch the lates revs then uses git remote show to get a list of local branches that track a remote branch (e.g. branches that can be used with git pull) then it checks with git rev-list --count <REMOTE_BRANCH>..<LOCAL_BRANCH> how many commit the local branch is behind the remote (and ahead vice versa) if the local branch is 1 or more commits ahead, it can NOT be fast-forwarded and needs to be merged or rebased by hand if the local branch is 0 commits ahead and 1 or more commits behind, it can be fast-forwarded by git branch -f <LOCAL_BRANCH> -t <REMOTE_BRANCH>
脚本可以这样调用:
$ git ffwd-update
Fetching origin
branch bigcouch was 10 commit(s) behind of origin/bigcouch. resetting local branch to remote
branch develop was 3 commit(s) behind of origin/develop. resetting local branch to remote
branch master is 6 commit(s) behind and 1 commit(s) ahead of origin/master. could not be fast-forwarded
完整的脚本应该保存为git-ffwd-update，并且需要在PATH上。
#!/bin/bash
main() {
REMOTES="$@";
if [ -z "$REMOTES" ]; then
REMOTES=$(git remote);
fi
REMOTES=$(echo "$REMOTES" | xargs -n1 echo)
CLB=$(git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD);
echo "$REMOTES" | while read REMOTE; do
git remote update $REMOTE
git remote show $REMOTE -n \
| awk '/merges with remote/{print $5" "$1}' \
| while read RB LB; do
ARB="refs/remotes/$REMOTE/$RB";
ALB="refs/heads/$LB";
NBEHIND=$(( $(git rev-list --count $ALB..$ARB 2>/dev/null) +0));
NAHEAD=$(( $(git rev-list --count $ARB..$ALB 2>/dev/null) +0));
if [ "$NBEHIND" -gt 0 ]; then
if [ "$NAHEAD" -gt 0 ]; then
echo " branch $LB is $NBEHIND commit(s) behind and $NAHEAD commit(s) ahead of $REMOTE/$RB. could not be fast-forwarded";
elif [ "$LB" = "$CLB" ]; then
echo " branch $LB was $NBEHIND commit(s) behind of $REMOTE/$RB. fast-forward merge";
git merge -q $ARB;
else
echo " branch $LB was $NBEHIND commit(s) behind of $REMOTE/$RB. resetting local branch to remote";
git branch -f $LB -t $ARB >/dev/null;
fi
fi
done
done
}
main $@
自动化并不难:
#!/bin/sh
# Usage: fetchall.sh branch ...
set -x
git fetch --all
for branch in "$@"; do
git checkout "$branch" || exit 1
git rebase "origin/$branch" || exit 1
done
