直到和包括OS X v10.7 (Lion)，你可以设置它们:

~/.MacOSX/environment.plist

See:

https://developer.apple.com/legacy/library/qa/qa1067/_index.html https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/MacOSX/Conceptual/BPRuntimeConfig/Articles/EnvironmentVars.html

对于终端中的PATH，您应该能够在.bash_profile或.profile中设置(尽管您可能必须创建它)

对于OS X v10.8 (Mountain Lion)及以上版本，您需要使用launchd和launchctl。

就像Matt Curtis给出的答案一样，我通过launchctl设置环境变量，但我将它包装在一个名为export的函数中，因此每当我像在.bash_profile中一样导出一个变量时，它也由launchctl设置。我是这样做的:

My .bash_profile consists solely of one line, (This is just personal preference.) source .bashrc My .bashrc has this: function export() { builtin export "$@" if [[ ${#@} -eq 1 && "${@//[^=]/}" ]] then launchctl setenv "${@%%=*}" "${@#*=}" elif [[ ! "${@//[^ ]/}" ]] then launchctl setenv "${@}" "${!@}" fi } export -f export The above will overload the Bash builtin "export" and will export everything normally (you'll notice I export "export" with it!), then properly set them for OS X app environments via launchctl, whether you use any of the following: export LC_CTYPE=en_US.UTF-8 # ~$ launchctl getenv LC_CTYPE # en_US.UTF-8 PATH="/usr/local/bin:${PATH}" PATH="/usr/local/opt/coreutils/libexec/gnubin:${PATH}" export PATH # ~$ launchctl getenv PATH # /usr/local/opt/coreutils/libexec/gnubin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin export CXX_FLAGS="-mmacosx-version-min=10.9" # ~$ launchctl getenv CXX_FLAGS # -mmacosx-version-min=10.9 This way I don't have to send every variable to launchctl every time, and I can just have my .bash_profile / .bashrc set up the way I want. Open a terminal window, check out your environment variables you're interested in with launchctl getenv myVar, change something in your .bash_profile/.bashrc, close the terminal window and re-open it, check the variable again with launchctl, and voilá, it's changed. Again, like the other solutions for the post-Mountain Lion world, for any new environment variables to be available for apps, you need to launch or re-launch them after the change.

很简单:

编辑~ /。对变量进行配置并按如下方式放置

$ vim ~/.profile

在文件中放置:

MY_ENV_VAR =值

保存(:wq) 重启终端(退出并重新打开) 确保这一切都没问题:

$MY_ENV_VAR 美元的价值

这很简单。编辑文件.profile (vi, nano, Sublime Text或其他文本编辑器)文件。你可以在~/目录(用户目录)中找到它，并像这样设置:

export MY_VAR=[your value here]

Java home的示例:

export JAVA_HOME=/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/current

保存它并返回到终端。

你可以用:

source .profile

或者关闭并打开终端窗口。

对于Bash，尝试将环境变量添加到文件/etc/profile中，以使它们对所有用户可用。不需要重新启动，只需启动一个新的终端会话。

做的事: vim ~ / . bash_profile 文件可能不存在(如果不存在，您可以直接创建它)。 输入并保存文件: 导出路径= $路径:YOUR_PATH_HERE 运行 源~ / . bash_profile