最低要求:

import java.util.Properties;

import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.AddressException;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;

public class MessageSender {

    public static void sendHardCoded() throws AddressException, MessagingException {
        String to = "a@a.info";
        final String from = "b@gmail.com";

        Properties properties = new Properties();
        properties.put("mail.smtp.starttls.enable", "true");
        properties.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
        properties.put("mail.smtp.host", "smtp.gmail.com");
        properties.put("mail.smtp.port", "587");

        Session session = Session.getInstance(properties,
                new javax.mail.Authenticator() {
                    protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
                        return new PasswordAuthentication(from, "BeNice");
                    }
                });

        MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
        message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
        message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(to));
        message.setSubject("Hello");
        message.setText("What's up?");

        Transport.send(message);
    }

}

尽管这个问题已经结束，我想发布一个计数器解决方案，但现在使用简单Java邮件(开源JavaMail smtp包装器):

final Email email = new Email();

String host = "smtp.gmail.com";
Integer port = 587;
String from = "username";
String pass = "password";
String[] to = {"to@gmail.com"};

email.setFromAddress("", from);
email.setSubject("sending in a group");
for( int i=0; i < to.length; i++ ) {
    email.addRecipient("", to[i], RecipientType.TO);
}
email.setText("Welcome to JavaMail");

new Mailer(host, port, from, pass).sendMail(email);
// you could also still use your mail session instead
new Mailer(session).sendMail(email);

Other people have good answers above, but I wanted to add a note on my experience here. I've found that when using Gmail as an outbound SMTP server for my webapp, Gmail only lets me send ~10 or so messages before responding with an anti-spam response that I have to manually step through to re-enable SMTP access. The emails I was sending were not spam, but were website "welcome" emails when users registered with my system. So, YMMV, and I wouldn't rely on Gmail for a production webapp. If you're sending email on a user's behalf, like an installed desktop app (where the user enters their own Gmail credentials), you may be okay.

此外，如果你使用Spring，这里有一个使用Gmail进行出站SMTP的工作配置:

<bean id="mailSender" class="org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl">
    <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
    <property name="host" value="smtp.gmail.com"/>
    <property name="port" value="465"/>
    <property name="username" value="${mail.username}"/>
    <property name="password" value="${mail.password}"/>
    <property name="javaMailProperties">
        <value>
            mail.debug=true
            mail.smtp.auth=true
            mail.smtp.socketFactory.class=java.net.SocketFactory
            mail.smtp.socketFactory.fallback=false
        </value>
    </property>
</bean>

增值:

主题、消息和显示名称中的编码缺陷 现代Java邮件库版本只需要一个神奇的属性 建议Session.getInstance()优于Session.getDefaultInstance() 附件 谷歌关闭不太安全的应用程序后仍然有效:在您的组织中启用2因素身份验证->打开2FA ->生成应用程序密码。

    import java.io.File;
    import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
    import java.util.Properties;
    import java.util.logging.Level;
    import java.util.logging.Logger;
    import javax.activation.DataHandler;
    import javax.mail.Message;
    import javax.mail.Session;
    import javax.mail.Transport;
    import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
    import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
    import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
    import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
    import javax.mail.util.ByteArrayDataSource;
    
    public class Gmailer {
      private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(Gmailer.class.getName());
    
      public static void main(String[] args) {
        send();
      }
    
      public static void send() {
        Transport transport = null;
        try {
          String accountEmail = "account@source.com";
          String accountAppPassword = "";
          String displayName = "Display-Name 東";
          String replyTo = "reply-to@source.com";
    
          String to = "to@target.com";
          String cc = "cc@target.com";
          String bcc = "bcc@target.com";
    
          String subject = "Subject 東";
          String message = "<span style='color: red;'>東</span>";
          String type = "html"; // or "plain"
          String mimeTypeWithEncoding = "text/" + type + "; charset=" + StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name();
    
          File attachmentFile = new File("Attachment.pdf");
          // https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Basics_of_HTTP/MIME_types/Common_types
          String attachmentMimeType = "application/pdf";
          byte[] bytes = ...; // read file to byte array
    
          Properties properties = System.getProperties();
          properties.put("mail.debug", "true");
          // i found that this is the only property necessary for a modern java mail version
          properties.put("mail.smtp.starttls.enable", "true");
          // https://javaee.github.io/javamail/FAQ#getdefaultinstance
          Session session = Session.getInstance(properties);
    
          MimeMessage mimeMessage = new MimeMessage(session);
    
          // probably best to use the account email address, to avoid landing in spam or blacklists
          // not even sure if the server would accept a differing from address
          InternetAddress from = new InternetAddress(accountEmail);
          from.setPersonal(displayName, StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name());
          mimeMessage.setFrom(from);
    
          mimeMessage.setReplyTo(InternetAddress.parse(replyTo));
    
          mimeMessage.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, InternetAddress.parse(to));
          mimeMessage.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.CC, InternetAddress.parse(cc));
          mimeMessage.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.BCC, InternetAddress.parse(bcc));
    
          mimeMessage.setSubject(subject, StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name());
    
          MimeMultipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();
    
          MimeBodyPart messagePart = new MimeBodyPart();
          messagePart.setContent(mimeMessage, mimeTypeWithEncoding);
          multipart.addBodyPart(messagePart);
    
          MimeBodyPart attachmentPart = new MimeBodyPart();
          attachmentPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(new ByteArrayDataSource(bytes, attachmentMimeType)));
          attachmentPart.setFileName(attachmentFile.getName());
          multipart.addBodyPart(attachmentPart);
    
          mimeMessage.setContent(multipart);
    
          transport = session.getTransport();
          transport.connect("smtp.gmail.com", 587, accountEmail, accountAppPassword);
          transport.sendMessage(mimeMessage, mimeMessage.getAllRecipients());
        }
        catch(Exception e) {
          // I prefer to bubble up exceptions, so the caller has the info that someting went wrong, and gets a chance to handle it.
          // I also prefer not to force the exception in the signature.
          throw e instanceof RuntimeException ? (RuntimeException) e : new RuntimeException(e);
        }
        finally {
          if(transport != null) {
            try {
              transport.close();
            }
            catch(Exception e) {
              LOGGER.log(Level.WARNING, "failed to close java mail transport: " + e);
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }

当您需要在同一个JVM中任意位置设置多个SMTP会话时，所发布的代码解决方案可能会导致问题。

JavaMail FAQ建议使用

Session.getInstance(properties);

而不是

Session.getDefaultInstance(properties);

因为getDefault只会使用第一次调用时给出的属性。以后对默认实例的所有使用都将忽略属性更改。

见http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/faq - 135477. # getdefaultinstance html

这是一个使用Gmail发送电子邮件的简单类。您需要将JavaMail库添加到构建路径中，或者直接使用Maven。

import java.util.Properties;

import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.DataSource;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.BodyPart;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.AddressException;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;

public class GmailSender
{
    private static String protocol = "smtp";

    private String username;
    private String password;

    private Session session;
    private Message message;
    private Multipart multipart;

    public GmailSender()
    {
        this.multipart = new MimeMultipart();
    }

    public void setSender(String username, String password)
    {
        this.username = username;
        this.password = password;

        this.session = getSession();
        this.message = new MimeMessage(session);
    }

    public void addRecipient(String recipient) throws AddressException, MessagingException
    {
        message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(recipient));
    }

    public void setSubject(String subject) throws MessagingException
    {
        message.setSubject(subject);
    }

    public void setBody(String body) throws MessagingException
    {
        BodyPart messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
        messageBodyPart.setText(body);
        multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);

        message.setContent(multipart);
    }

    public void send() throws MessagingException
    {
        Transport transport = session.getTransport(protocol);
        transport.connect(username, password);
        transport.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());

        transport.close();
    }

    public void addAttachment(String filePath) throws MessagingException
    {
        BodyPart messageBodyPart = getFileBodyPart(filePath);
        multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);

        message.setContent(multipart);
    }

    private BodyPart getFileBodyPart(String filePath) throws MessagingException
    {
        BodyPart messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
        DataSource dataSource = new FileDataSource(filePath);
        messageBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(dataSource));
        messageBodyPart.setFileName(filePath);

        return messageBodyPart;
    }

    private Session getSession()
    {
        Properties properties = getMailServerProperties();
        Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties);

        return session;
    }

    private Properties getMailServerProperties()
    {
        Properties properties = System.getProperties();
        properties.put("mail.smtp.starttls.enable", "true");
        properties.put("mail.smtp.host", protocol + ".gmail.com");
        properties.put("mail.smtp.user", username);
        properties.put("mail.smtp.password", password);
        properties.put("mail.smtp.port", "587");
        properties.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");

        return properties;
    }
}

使用示例:

GmailSender sender = new GmailSender();
sender.setSender("myEmailNameWithout@gmail.com", "mypassword");
sender.addRecipient("recipient@somehost.com");
sender.setSubject("The subject");
sender.setBody("The body");
sender.addAttachment("TestFile.txt");
sender.send();