用javascript我怎么能添加一个查询字符串参数的url，如果不存在或如果它存在，更新当前值?我使用jquery为我的客户端开发。
当前回答
您可以使用浏览器的本地URL API以一种相当简单的方式做到这一点，其中key和value分别是参数名和参数值。
const url = new URL(location.href);
url.searchParams.set(key, value);
history.pushState(null, '', url);
这将保留有关URL的所有内容，只更改或添加一个查询参数。如果您不希望它创建一个新的浏览器历史记录条目，也可以使用replaceState而不是pushState。
其他回答
根据@ellemayo给出的答案，我提出了以下解决方案，如果需要，可以禁用散列标签:
function updateQueryString(key, value, options) {
if (!options) options = {};
var url = options.url || location.href;
var re = new RegExp("([?&])" + key + "=.*?(&|#|$)(.*)", "gi"), hash;
hash = url.split('#');
url = hash[0];
if (re.test(url)) {
if (typeof value !== 'undefined' && value !== null) {
url = url.replace(re, '$1' + key + "=" + value + '$2$3');
} else {
url = url.replace(re, '$1$3').replace(/(&|\?)$/, '');
}
} else if (typeof value !== 'undefined' && value !== null) {
var separator = url.indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '&' : '?';
url = url + separator + key + '=' + value;
}
if ((typeof options.hash === 'undefined' || options.hash) &&
typeof hash[1] !== 'undefined' && hash[1] !== null)
url += '#' + hash[1];
return url;
}
这样叫它:
updateQueryString('foo', 'bar', {
url: 'http://my.example.com#hash',
hash: false
});
结果:
http://my.example.com?foo=bar
我从这里得出的结论(与“使用严格”相容;并不真正使用jQuery):
function decodeURIParams(query) {
if (query == null)
query = window.location.search;
if (query[0] == '?')
query = query.substring(1);
var params = query.split('&');
var result = {};
for (var i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
var param = params[i];
var pos = param.indexOf('=');
if (pos >= 0) {
var key = decodeURIComponent(param.substring(0, pos));
var val = decodeURIComponent(param.substring(pos + 1));
result[key] = val;
} else {
var key = decodeURIComponent(param);
result[key] = true;
}
}
return result;
}
function encodeURIParams(params, addQuestionMark) {
var pairs = [];
for (var key in params) if (params.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
var value = params[key];
if (value != null) /* matches null and undefined */ {
pairs.push(encodeURIComponent(key) + '=' + encodeURIComponent(value))
}
}
if (pairs.length == 0)
return '';
return (addQuestionMark ? '?' : '') + pairs.join('&');
}
//// alternative to $.extend if not using jQuery:
// function mergeObjects(destination, source) {
// for (var key in source) if (source.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
// destination[key] = source[key];
// }
// return destination;
// }
function navigateWithURIParams(newParams) {
window.location.search = encodeURIParams($.extend(decodeURIParams(), newParams), true);
}
使用示例:
// add/update parameters
navigateWithURIParams({ foo: 'bar', boz: 42 });
// remove parameter
navigateWithURIParams({ foo: null });
// submit the given form by adding/replacing URI parameters (with jQuery)
$('.filter-form').submit(function(e) {
e.preventDefault();
navigateWithURIParams(decodeURIParams($(this).serialize()));
});
下面是我的方法:location.params()函数(如下所示)可以用作getter或setter。例子:
假设URL是http://example.com/?foo=bar&baz#some-hash，
Location.params()将返回一个包含所有查询参数的对象:{foo: 'bar'， baz: true}。 Location.params ('foo')将返回'bar'。 的位置。params({foo: undefined, hello: 'world'， test: true})会将URL更改为http://example.com/?baz&hello=world&test#some-hash。
下面是params()函数，它可以被选择性地分配给窗口。位置的对象。
location.params = function(params) {
var obj = {}, i, parts, len, key, value;
if (typeof params === 'string') {
value = location.search.match(new RegExp('[?&]' + params + '=?([^&]*)[&#$]?'));
return value ? value[1] : undefined;
}
var _params = location.search.substr(1).split('&');
for (i = 0, len = _params.length; i < len; i++) {
parts = _params[i].split('=');
if (! parts[0]) {continue;}
obj[parts[0]] = parts[1] || true;
}
if (typeof params !== 'object') {return obj;}
for (key in params) {
value = params[key];
if (typeof value === 'undefined') {
delete obj[key];
} else {
obj[key] = value;
}
}
parts = [];
for (key in obj) {
parts.push(key + (obj[key] === true ? '' : '=' + obj[key]));
}
location.search = parts.join('&');
};
感谢现代javascript, node.js和浏览器的支持，我们可以摆脱第三方库的漩涡(jquery, query-string等)和DRY自己。
下面是javascript(node.js)和typescript版本的函数，用于添加或更新给定url的查询参数:
Javascript
const getUriWithParam = (baseUrl, params) => { const Url = new URL(baseUrl); const urlParams = new URLSearchParams(Url.search); for (const key in params) { if (params[key] !== undefined) { urlParams.set(key, params[key]); } } Url.search = urlParams.toString(); return Url.toString(); }; console.info('expected: https://example.com/?foo=bar'); console.log(getUriWithParam("https://example.com", {foo: "bar"})); console.info('expected: https://example.com/slug?foo=bar#hash'); console.log(getUriWithParam("https://example.com/slug#hash", {foo: "bar"})); console.info('expected: https://example.com/?bar=baz&foo=bar'); console.log(getUriWithParam("https://example.com?bar=baz", {foo: "bar"})); console.info('expected: https://example.com/?foo=baz&bar=baz'); console.log(getUriWithParam("https://example.com?foo=bar&bar=baz", {foo: "baz"}));
打印稿
const getUriWithParam = (
baseUrl: string,
params: Record<string, any>
): string => {
const Url = new URL(baseUrl);
const urlParams: URLSearchParams = new URLSearchParams(Url.search);
for (const key in params) {
if (params[key] !== undefined) {
urlParams.set(key, params[key]);
}
}
Url.search = urlParams.toString();
return Url.toString();
};
对于React Native
URL在React Native中没有实现。所以你必须事先安装react-native-url-polyfill。
对于对象参数
请看这个答案中的第二个解决方案
我想要的是:
使用浏览器的本地URL API 可以添加、更新、获取或删除吗 期望在散列之后的查询字符串，例如对于单页应用程序
function queryParam(options = {}) { var defaults = { method: 'set', url: window.location.href, key: undefined, value: undefined, } for (var prop in defaults) { options[prop] = typeof options[prop] !== 'undefined' ? options[prop] : defaults[prop] } const existing = (options.url.lastIndexOf('?') > options.url.lastIndexOf('#')) ? options.url.substr(options.url.lastIndexOf('?') + 1) : '' const query = new URLSearchParams(existing) if (options.method === 'set') { query.set(options.key, options.value) return `${options.url.replace(`?${existing}`, '')}?${query.toString()}` } else if (options.method === 'get') { const val = query.get(options.key) let result = val === null ? val : val.toString() return result } else if (options.method === 'delete') { query.delete(options.key) let result = `${options.url.replace(`?${existing}`, '')}?${query.toString()}` const lastChar = result.charAt(result.length - 1) if (lastChar === '?') { result = `${options.url.replace(`?${existing}`, '')}` } return result } } // Usage: let url = 'https://example.com/sandbox/#page/' url = queryParam({ url, method: 'set', key: 'my-first-param', value: 'me' }) console.log(url) url = queryParam({ url, method: 'set', key: 'my-second-param', value: 'you' }) console.log(url) url = queryParam({ url, method: 'set', key: 'my-second-param', value: 'whomever' }) console.log(url) url = queryParam({ url, method: 'delete', key: 'my-first-param' }) console.log(url) const mySecondParam = queryParam({ url, method: 'get', key: 'my-second-param', }) console.log(mySecondParam) url = queryParam({ url, method: 'delete', key: 'my-second-param' }) console.log(url)
