如何在JavaScript中创建GUID(全球独特识别器)?GUID/UUID应该至少有32个字符,并且应该保持在ASCII范围内,以避免在通过它们时遇到麻烦。
我不确定在所有浏览器上有哪些习惯,如何“随机”和种植内置的随机号码发电机等。
如何在JavaScript中创建GUID(全球独特识别器)?GUID/UUID应该至少有32个字符,并且应该保持在ASCII范围内,以避免在通过它们时遇到麻烦。
我不确定在所有浏览器上有哪些习惯,如何“随机”和种植内置的随机号码发电机等。
当前回答
我使用这个版本. 它是安全和简单的. 它不是为了产生格式化的Uids,它只是为了产生你需要的电缆的随机线条。
export function makeId(length) {
let result = '';
const characters = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789';
const charactersLength = characters.length;
for (let i = 0; i < length; i++) {
let letterPos = parseInt(crypto.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(1))[0] / 255 * charactersLength - 1, 10)
result += characters[letterPos]
}
return result;
}
其他回答
这里是一个方法,使用真实的随机通过 random.org 生成 RFC4122 如果错误,它会回到浏览器的内置加密图书馆,这应该几乎是相同的好。
async function UUID() {
//get 31 random hex characters
return (await (async () => {
let output;
try {
//try from random.org
output = (await (
await fetch('https://www.random.org/integers/?num=31&min=0&max=15&col=31&base=16&format=plain&rnd=new')
).text())
//get rid of whitespace
.replace(/[^0-9a-fA-F]+/g, '')
;
if (output.length != 31)
throw '';
}
catch {
output = '';
try {
//failing that, try getting 16 8-bit digits from crypto
for (let num of crypto.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(16)))
//interpret as 32 4-bit hex numbers
output += (num >> 4).toString(16) + (num & 15).toString(16);
//we only want 31
output = output.substr(1);
}
catch {
//failing THAT, use Math.random
while (output.length < 31)
output += (0 | Math.random() * 16).toString(16);
}
}
return output;
})())
//split into appropriate sections, and set the 15th character to 4
.replace(/^(.{8})(.{4})(.{3})(.{4})/, '$1-$2-4$3-$4-')
//force character 20 to the correct range
.replace(/(?<=-)[^89abAB](?=[^-]+-[^-]+$)/, (num) => (
(parseInt(num, 16) % 4 + 8).toString(16)
))
;
}
此分類上一篇
只是另一个更可读的变量,只有两个突变。
function uuid4()
{
function hex (s, b)
{
return s +
(b >>> 4 ).toString (16) + // high nibble
(b & 0b1111).toString (16); // low nibble
}
let r = crypto.getRandomValues (new Uint8Array (16));
r[6] = r[6] >>> 4 | 0b01000000; // Set type 4: 0100
r[8] = r[8] >>> 3 | 0b10000000; // Set variant: 100
return r.slice ( 0, 4).reduce (hex, '' ) +
r.slice ( 4, 6).reduce (hex, '-') +
r.slice ( 6, 8).reduce (hex, '-') +
r.slice ( 8, 10).reduce (hex, '-') +
r.slice (10, 16).reduce (hex, '-');
}
我已经建立在这里提到的所有东西,以产生两倍的速度,可携带的所有环境,包括节点,并从Math.random()升级到加密强度的随机性。
function random() {
const
fourBytesOn = 0xffffffff, // 4 bytes, all 32 bits on: 4294967295
c = typeof crypto === "object"
? crypto // Node.js or most browsers
: typeof msCrypto === "object" // Stinky non-standard Internet Explorer
? msCrypto // eslint-disable-line no-undef
: null; // What old or bad environment are we running in?
return c
? c.randomBytes
? parseInt(c.randomBytes(4).toString("hex"), 16) / (fourBytesOn + 1) - Number.EPSILON // Node.js
: c.getRandomValues(new Uint32Array(1))[0] / (fourBytesOn + 1) - Number.EPSILON // Browsers
: Math.random();
}
function uuidV4() { // eslint-disable-line complexity
// If possible, generate a single random value, 128 bits (16 bytes)
// in length. In an environment where that is not possible, generate
// and make use of four 32-bit (4-byte) random values.
// Use crypto-grade randomness when available, else Math.random()
const
c = typeof crypto === "object"
? crypto // Node.js or most browsers
: typeof msCrypto === "object" // Stinky non-standard Internet Explorer
? msCrypto // eslint-disable-line no-undef
: null; // What old or bad environment are we running in?
let
byteArray = c
? c.randomBytes
? c.randomBytes(16) // Node.js
: c.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(16)) // Browsers
: null,
uuid = [ ];
/* eslint-disable no-bitwise */
if ( ! byteArray) { // No support for generating 16 random bytes
// in one shot -- this will be slower
const
int = [
random() * 0xffffffff | 0,
random() * 0xffffffff | 0,
random() * 0xffffffff | 0,
random() * 0xffffffff | 0
];
byteArray = [ ];
for (let i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
byteArray[i] = int[i < 4 ? 0 : i < 8 ? 1 : i < 12 ? 2 : 3] >> i % 4 * 8 & 0xff;
}
}
byteArray[6] = byteArray[6] & 0x0f | 0x40; // Always 4, per RFC, indicating the version
byteArray[8] = byteArray[8] & 0x3f | 0x80; // Constrained to [89ab], per RFC for version 4
for (let i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
uuid[i] = (byteArray[i] < 16 ? "0" : "") + byteArray[i].toString(16);
}
uuid =
uuid[ 0] + uuid[ 1] + uuid[ 2] + uuid[ 3] + "-" +
uuid[ 4] + uuid[ 5] + "-" +
uuid[ 6] + uuid[ 7] + "-" +
uuid[ 8] + uuid[ 9] + "-" +
uuid[10] + uuid[11] + uuid[12] + uuid[13] + uuid[14] + uuid[15];
return uuid;
/* eslint-enable no-bitwise */
}
使用:
let uniqueId = Date.now().toString(36) + Math.random().toString(36).substring(2);
document.getElementById(“独一无二”。innerHTML = Math.random().toString(36).substring(2) + (新日期()).getTime().toString(36); <div id="unique"> </div>
您可以通过添加更多数字来增加这个数字,但要创建100%独特的ID,您将需要使用全球计数器。
let u = Date.now().toString(16) + Math.random().toString(16) + '0'.repeat(16);
let guid = [u.substr(0,8), u.substr(8,4), '4000-8' + u.substr(13,3), u.substr(16,12)].join('-');
let u = Date.now().toString(16)+Math.random().toString(16)+'0'.repeat(16); let guid = [u.substr(0,8), u.substr(8,4), '4000-8' + u.substr(13,3), u.substr(16,12)].join('-'); document.getElementById("unique").innerHTML = guid; <div id="unique"> </div>
使用 Blobs 的单行解决方案。
window.URL.createObjectURL(new Blob([])).substring(31);
最终值(31)取决于URL的长度。
编辑:
像Rinogo所建议的那样,一个更小而普遍的解决方案:
URL.createObjectURL(new Blob([])).substr(-36);