是否有方法将JSON内容反序列化为c#动态类型?为了使用DataContractJsonSerializer，最好跳过创建一堆类。
当前回答
使用Cinchoo ETL -一个开源库，可将JSON解析为动态对象:
string json = @"{
""key1"": [
{
""action"": ""open"",
""timestamp"": ""2018-09-05 20:46:00"",
""url"": null,
""ip"": ""66.102.6.98""
}
]
}";
using (var p = ChoJSONReader.LoadText(json)
.WithJSONPath("$..key1")
)
{
foreach (var rec in p)
{
Console.WriteLine("Action: " + rec.action);
Console.WriteLine("Timestamp: " + rec.timestamp);
Console.WriteLine("URL: " + rec.url);
Console.WriteLine("IP address: " + rec.ip);
}
}
输出:
Action: open
Timestamp: 2018-09-05 20:46:00
URL: http://www.google.com
IP address: 66.102.6.98
样本提琴:https://dotnetfiddle.net/S0ehSV
有关更多信息，请访问codeproject文章
声明:我是这个库的作者。
其他回答
你可以扩展JavaScriptSerializer来递归复制它创建的字典来扩展对象，然后动态地使用它们:
static class JavaScriptSerializerExtensions
{
public static dynamic DeserializeDynamic(this JavaScriptSerializer serializer, string value)
{
var dictionary = serializer.Deserialize<IDictionary<string, object>>(value);
return GetExpando(dictionary);
}
private static ExpandoObject GetExpando(IDictionary<string, object> dictionary)
{
var expando = (IDictionary<string, object>)new ExpandoObject();
foreach (var item in dictionary)
{
var innerDictionary = item.Value as IDictionary<string, object>;
if (innerDictionary != null)
{
expando.Add(item.Key, GetExpando(innerDictionary));
}
else
{
expando.Add(item.Key, item.Value);
}
}
return (ExpandoObject)expando;
}
}
然后，您只需要为您在其中定义扩展的名称空间使用一个using语句(考虑在System.Web.Script.Serialization中定义它们…)另一个技巧是不使用命名空间，那么你根本不需要using语句)，你可以像这样使用它们:
var serializer = new JavaScriptSerializer();
var value = serializer.DeserializeDynamic("{ 'Name': 'Jon Smith', 'Address': { 'City': 'New York', 'State': 'NY' }, 'Age': 42 }");
var name = (string)value.Name; // Jon Smith
var age = (int)value.Age; // 42
var address = value.Address;
var city = (string)address.City; // New York
var state = (string)address.State; // NY
如果你喜欢依赖System.Web.Helpers程序集，那么你可以使用Json类:
dynamic data = Json.Decode(json);
它作为。net 4框架的附加下载包含在MVC框架中。如果有用的话，一定要给弗拉德点赞!但是，如果您不能假定客户机环境包含这个DLL，那么请继续阅读。
这里建议使用另一种反序列化方法。我稍微修改了代码，以修复一个错误，并适合我的编码风格。所有你需要的是这段代码和从你的项目中引用System.Web.Extensions:
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
using System.Dynamic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Web.Script.Serialization;
public sealed class DynamicJsonConverter : JavaScriptConverter
{
public override object Deserialize(IDictionary<string, object> dictionary, Type type, JavaScriptSerializer serializer)
{
if (dictionary == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("dictionary");
return type == typeof(object) ? new DynamicJsonObject(dictionary) : null;
}
public override IDictionary<string, object> Serialize(object obj, JavaScriptSerializer serializer)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
public override IEnumerable<Type> SupportedTypes
{
get { return new ReadOnlyCollection<Type>(new List<Type>(new[] { typeof(object) })); }
}
#region Nested type: DynamicJsonObject
private sealed class DynamicJsonObject : DynamicObject
{
private readonly IDictionary<string, object> _dictionary;
public DynamicJsonObject(IDictionary<string, object> dictionary)
{
if (dictionary == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("dictionary");
_dictionary = dictionary;
}
public override string ToString()
{
var sb = new StringBuilder("{");
ToString(sb);
return sb.ToString();
}
private void ToString(StringBuilder sb)
{
var firstInDictionary = true;
foreach (var pair in _dictionary)
{
if (!firstInDictionary)
sb.Append(",");
firstInDictionary = false;
var value = pair.Value;
var name = pair.Key;
if (value is string)
{
sb.AppendFormat("{0}:\"{1}\"", name, value);
}
else if (value is IDictionary<string, object>)
{
new DynamicJsonObject((IDictionary<string, object>)value).ToString(sb);
}
else if (value is ArrayList)
{
sb.Append(name + ":[");
var firstInArray = true;
foreach (var arrayValue in (ArrayList)value)
{
if (!firstInArray)
sb.Append(",");
firstInArray = false;
if (arrayValue is IDictionary<string, object>)
new DynamicJsonObject((IDictionary<string, object>)arrayValue).ToString(sb);
else if (arrayValue is string)
sb.AppendFormat("\"{0}\"", arrayValue);
else
sb.AppendFormat("{0}", arrayValue);
}
sb.Append("]");
}
else
{
sb.AppendFormat("{0}:{1}", name, value);
}
}
sb.Append("}");
}
public override bool TryGetMember(GetMemberBinder binder, out object result)
{
if (!_dictionary.TryGetValue(binder.Name, out result))
{
// return null to avoid exception. caller can check for null this way...
result = null;
return true;
}
result = WrapResultObject(result);
return true;
}
public override bool TryGetIndex(GetIndexBinder binder, object[] indexes, out object result)
{
if (indexes.Length == 1 && indexes[0] != null)
{
if (!_dictionary.TryGetValue(indexes[0].ToString(), out result))
{
// return null to avoid exception. caller can check for null this way...
result = null;
return true;
}
result = WrapResultObject(result);
return true;
}
return base.TryGetIndex(binder, indexes, out result);
}
private static object WrapResultObject(object result)
{
var dictionary = result as IDictionary<string, object>;
if (dictionary != null)
return new DynamicJsonObject(dictionary);
var arrayList = result as ArrayList;
if (arrayList != null && arrayList.Count > 0)
{
return arrayList[0] is IDictionary<string, object>
? new List<object>(arrayList.Cast<IDictionary<string, object>>().Select(x => new DynamicJsonObject(x)))
: new List<object>(arrayList.Cast<object>());
}
return result;
}
}
#endregion
}
你可以这样使用它:
string json = ...;
var serializer = new JavaScriptSerializer();
serializer.RegisterConverters(new[] { new DynamicJsonConverter() });
dynamic obj = serializer.Deserialize(json, typeof(object));
给定一个JSON字符串:
{
"Items":[
{ "Name":"Apple", "Price":12.3 },
{ "Name":"Grape", "Price":3.21 }
],
"Date":"21/11/2010"
}
下面的代码将在运行时工作:
dynamic data = serializer.Deserialize(json, typeof(object));
data.Date; // "21/11/2010"
data.Items.Count; // 2
data.Items[0].Name; // "Apple"
data.Items[0].Price; // 12.3 (as a decimal)
data.Items[1].Name; // "Grape"
data.Items[1].Price; // 3.21 (as a decimal)
另一种选择是“将JSON粘贴为类”，这样就可以快速轻松地反序列化。
只需复制整个JSON 在Visual Studio中:点击编辑→特殊粘贴→将JSON作为类粘贴
这里有一个更好的解释…“将JSON粘贴为类”NET和Web工具2012.2 RC
在JSON中反序列化。NET可以使用包含在该库中的JObject类来实现动态。我的JSON字符串表示这些类:
public class Foo {
public int Age {get;set;}
public Bar Bar {get;set;}
}
public class Bar {
public DateTime BDay {get;set;}
}
现在我们在不引用上述类的情况下反序列化字符串:
var dyn = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<JObject>(jsonAsFooString);
JProperty propAge = dyn.Properties().FirstOrDefault(i=>i.Name == "Age");
if(propAge != null) {
int age = int.Parse(propAge.Value.ToString());
Console.WriteLine("age=" + age);
}
//or as a one-liner:
int myage = int.Parse(dyn.Properties().First(i=>i.Name == "Age").Value.ToString());
或者如果你想深入一点:
var propBar = dyn.Properties().FirstOrDefault(i=>i.Name == "Bar");
if(propBar != null) {
JObject o = (JObject)propBar.First();
var propBDay = o.Properties().FirstOrDefault (i => i.Name=="BDay");
if(propBDay != null) {
DateTime bday = DateTime.Parse(propBDay.Value.ToString());
Console.WriteLine("birthday=" + bday.ToString("MM/dd/yyyy"));
}
}
//or as a one-liner:
DateTime mybday = DateTime.Parse(((JObject)dyn.Properties().First(i=>i.Name == "Bar").First()).Properties().First(i=>i.Name == "BDay").Value.ToString());
完整的示例请参见文章。
JsonFx可以将JSON内容反序列化为动态对象。
序列化动态类型(.NET 4.0的默认值):
var reader = new JsonReader(); var writer = new JsonWriter();
string input = @"{ ""foo"": true, ""array"": [ 42, false, ""Hello!"", null ] }";
dynamic output = reader.Read(input);
Console.WriteLine(output.array[0]); // 42
string json = writer.Write(output);
Console.WriteLine(json); // {"foo":true,"array":[42,false,"Hello!",null]}
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