给定一个圆心为(200,200),半径为25的圆,如何画出一条从270度到135度的弧以及一条从270度到45度的弧?

0度表示它在x轴上(右侧)(表示它是3点钟位置) 270度表示12点钟位置,90度表示6点钟位置

更一般地说,弧的路径是圆的一部分

x, y, r, d1, d2, direction

意义

center (x,y), radius r, degree_start, degree_end, direction

当前回答

这是一个老问题,但我发现代码很有用,节省了我三分钟的思考:)所以我在@opsb的答案中添加了一个小扩展。

如果你想把这个弧转换成一个切片(允许填充),我们可以稍微修改代码:

function describeArc(x, y, radius, spread, startAngle, endAngle){ var innerStart = polarToCartesian(x, y, radius, endAngle); var innerEnd = polarToCartesian(x, y, radius, startAngle); var outerStart = polarToCartesian(x, y, radius + spread, endAngle); var outerEnd = polarToCartesian(x, y, radius + spread, startAngle); var largeArcFlag = endAngle - startAngle <= 180 ? "0" : "1"; var d = [ "M", outerStart.x, outerStart.y, "A", radius + spread, radius + spread, 0, largeArcFlag, 0, outerEnd.x, outerEnd.y, "L", innerEnd.x, innerEnd.y, "A", radius, radius, 0, largeArcFlag, 1, innerStart.x, innerStart.y, "L", outerStart.x, outerStart.y, "Z" ].join(" "); return d; } function polarToCartesian(centerX, centerY, radius, angleInDegrees) { var angleInRadians = (angleInDegrees-90) * Math.PI / 180.0; return { x: centerX + (radius * Math.cos(angleInRadians)), y: centerY + (radius * Math.sin(angleInRadians)) }; } var path = describeArc(150, 150, 50, 30, 0, 50) document.getElementById("p").innerHTML = path document.getElementById("path").setAttribute('d',path) <p id="p"> </p> <svg width="300" height="300" style="border:1px gray solid"> <path id="path" fill="blue" stroke="cyan"></path> </svg>

好了!

其他回答

这是一个老问题,但我发现代码很有用,节省了我三分钟的思考:)所以我在@opsb的答案中添加了一个小扩展。

如果你想把这个弧转换成一个切片(允许填充),我们可以稍微修改代码:

function describeArc(x, y, radius, spread, startAngle, endAngle){ var innerStart = polarToCartesian(x, y, radius, endAngle); var innerEnd = polarToCartesian(x, y, radius, startAngle); var outerStart = polarToCartesian(x, y, radius + spread, endAngle); var outerEnd = polarToCartesian(x, y, radius + spread, startAngle); var largeArcFlag = endAngle - startAngle <= 180 ? "0" : "1"; var d = [ "M", outerStart.x, outerStart.y, "A", radius + spread, radius + spread, 0, largeArcFlag, 0, outerEnd.x, outerEnd.y, "L", innerEnd.x, innerEnd.y, "A", radius, radius, 0, largeArcFlag, 1, innerStart.x, innerStart.y, "L", outerStart.x, outerStart.y, "Z" ].join(" "); return d; } function polarToCartesian(centerX, centerY, radius, angleInDegrees) { var angleInRadians = (angleInDegrees-90) * Math.PI / 180.0; return { x: centerX + (radius * Math.cos(angleInRadians)), y: centerY + (radius * Math.sin(angleInRadians)) }; } var path = describeArc(150, 150, 50, 30, 0, 50) document.getElementById("p").innerHTML = path document.getElementById("path").setAttribute('d',path) <p id="p"> </p> <svg width="300" height="300" style="border:1px gray solid"> <path id="path" fill="blue" stroke="cyan"></path> </svg>

好了!

扩展@wdebeaum的回答,这里有一个生成弧形路径的方法:

function polarToCartesian(centerX, centerY, radius, angleInDegrees) {
  var angleInRadians = (angleInDegrees-90) * Math.PI / 180.0;

  return {
    x: centerX + (radius * Math.cos(angleInRadians)),
    y: centerY + (radius * Math.sin(angleInRadians))
  };
}

function describeArc(x, y, radius, startAngle, endAngle){

    var start = polarToCartesian(x, y, radius, endAngle);
    var end = polarToCartesian(x, y, radius, startAngle);

    var largeArcFlag = endAngle - startAngle <= 180 ? "0" : "1";

    var d = [
        "M", start.x, start.y, 
        "A", radius, radius, 0, largeArcFlag, 0, end.x, end.y
    ].join(" ");

    return d;       
}

使用

document.getElementById("arc1").setAttribute("d", describeArc(200, 400, 100, 0, 180));

在HTML中

<path id="arc1" fill="none" stroke="#446688" stroke-width="20" />

现场演示

ES6版本:

const angleInRadians = angleInDegrees => (angleInDegrees - 90) * (Math.PI / 180.0);

const polarToCartesian = (centerX, centerY, radius, angleInDegrees) => {
    const a = angleInRadians(angleInDegrees);
    return {
        x: centerX + (radius * Math.cos(a)),
        y: centerY + (radius * Math.sin(a)),
    };
};

const arc = (x, y, radius, startAngle, endAngle) => {
    const fullCircle = endAngle - startAngle === 360;
    const start = polarToCartesian(x, y, radius, endAngle - 0.01);
    const end = polarToCartesian(x, y, radius, startAngle);
    const arcSweep = endAngle - startAngle <= 180 ? '0' : '1';

    const d = [
        'M', start.x, start.y,
        'A', radius, radius, 0, arcSweep, 0, end.x, end.y,
        fullCircle ? 'Z':''
    ].join(' ');

    return d;
};

PHP有人知道吗?

将接受的答案转换为PHP代码。帮助在服务器上生成弧。

function polarToCartesian($centerX, $centerY, $radius, $angleInDegrees) {
   $angleInRadians = ($angleInDegrees-90) * pi() / 180.0;

  return array(
    "x"=> $centerX + ($radius * cos($angleInRadians)),
    "y"=> $centerY + ($radius * sin($angleInRadians)),
  );
}

function describeArc($x, $y, $radius, $startAngle, $endAngle){

     $start = polarToCartesian($x, $y, $radius, $endAngle);
     $end = polarToCartesian($x, $y, $radius, $startAngle);

     $largeArcFlag = $endAngle - $startAngle <= 180 ? "0" : "1";

     $d = implode(" ", array(
        "M", $start["x"], $start["y"], 
        "A", $radius, $radius, 0, $largeArcFlag, 0, $end["x"], $end["y"]));

    return $d;       
}
<svg>
    <path fill="none" stroke="#446688" stroke-width="20" d="<?= describeArc(150, 150, 100, 0, 30) ?>" />
</svg>

对于寻求答案的人(我也是),如果不是必须使用arc,绘制部分圆的一个更简单的解决方案是使用SVG的stroke-dasharray <circle>。

将虚线数组分为两个元素,并将其范围缩放到所需的角度。起始角度可以使用冲程-达霍夫集进行调整。

看不见一个余弦。

完整的例子和解释: https://codepen.io/mjurczyk/pen/wvBKOvP