我有以下JSON文本。我如何解析它以获得pageName, pagePic, post_id等的值?
{
"pageInfo": {
"pageName": "abc",
"pagePic": "http://example.com/content.jpg"
},
"posts": [
{
"post_id": "123456789012_123456789012",
"actor_id": "1234567890",
"picOfPersonWhoPosted": "http://example.com/photo.jpg",
"nameOfPersonWhoPosted": "Jane Doe",
"message": "Sounds cool. Can't wait to see it!",
"likesCount": "2",
"comments": [],
"timeOfPost": "1234567890"
}
]
}
除了其他答案,我推荐这个在线开源服务jsonschema2pojo.org,它可以从json或json模式快速生成Java类,用于GSON, Jackson 1。或者Jackson 2.x。例如,如果你有:
{
"pageInfo": {
"pageName": "abc",
"pagePic": "http://example.com/content.jpg"
}
"posts": [
{
"post_id": "123456789012_123456789012",
"actor_id": 1234567890,
"picOfPersonWhoPosted": "http://example.com/photo.jpg",
"nameOfPersonWhoPosted": "Jane Doe",
"message": "Sounds cool. Can't wait to see it!",
"likesCount": 2,
"comments": [],
"timeOfPost": 1234567890
}
]
}
GSON的jsonschema2pojo.org生成:
@Generated("org.jsonschema2pojo")
public class Container {
@SerializedName("pageInfo")
@Expose
public PageInfo pageInfo;
@SerializedName("posts")
@Expose
public List<Post> posts = new ArrayList<Post>();
}
@Generated("org.jsonschema2pojo")
public class PageInfo {
@SerializedName("pageName")
@Expose
public String pageName;
@SerializedName("pagePic")
@Expose
public String pagePic;
}
@Generated("org.jsonschema2pojo")
public class Post {
@SerializedName("post_id")
@Expose
public String postId;
@SerializedName("actor_id")
@Expose
public long actorId;
@SerializedName("picOfPersonWhoPosted")
@Expose
public String picOfPersonWhoPosted;
@SerializedName("nameOfPersonWhoPosted")
@Expose
public String nameOfPersonWhoPosted;
@SerializedName("message")
@Expose
public String message;
@SerializedName("likesCount")
@Expose
public long likesCount;
@SerializedName("comments")
@Expose
public List<Object> comments = new ArrayList<Object>();
@SerializedName("timeOfPost")
@Expose
public long timeOfPost;
}
几乎所有给出的答案都要求在访问感兴趣的属性中的值之前,将JSON完全反序列化为Java对象。另一种不走这条路的替代方法是使用JsonPATH,它类似于JSON的XPath,允许遍历JSON对象。
它是一个规范,JayWay的优秀人员已经为该规范创建了一个Java实现,您可以在这里找到:https://github.com/jayway/JsonPath
所以基本上要使用它,把它添加到你的项目中,例如:
<dependency>
<groupId>com.jayway.jsonpath</groupId>
<artifactId>json-path</artifactId>
<version>${version}</version>
</dependency>
并使用:
String pageName = JsonPath.read(yourJsonString, "$.pageInfo.pageName");
String pagePic = JsonPath.read(yourJsonString, "$.pageInfo.pagePic");
String post_id = JsonPath.read(yourJsonString, "$.pagePosts[0].post_id");
等等……
查看JsonPath规范页面,了解横向JSON的其他方法的更多信息。
{
"pageInfo": {
"pageName": "abc",
"pagePic": "http://example.com/content.jpg"
},
"posts": [
{
"post_id": "123456789012_123456789012",
"actor_id": "1234567890",
"picOfPersonWhoPosted": "http://example.com/photo.jpg",
"nameOfPersonWhoPosted": "Jane Doe",
"message": "Sounds cool. Can't wait to see it!",
"likesCount": "2",
"comments": [],
"timeOfPost": "1234567890"
}
]
}
Java code :
JSONObject obj = new JSONObject(responsejsonobj);
String pageName = obj.getJSONObject("pageInfo").getString("pageName");
JSONArray arr = obj.getJSONArray("posts");
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length(); i++)
{
String post_id = arr.getJSONObject(i).getString("post_id");
......etc
}
由于还没有人提到它,这里是一个使用Nashorn (Java 8的JavaScript运行时部分,但在Java 11中已弃用)的解决方案的开始。
解决方案
private static final String EXTRACTOR_SCRIPT =
"var fun = function(raw) { " +
"var json = JSON.parse(raw); " +
"return [json.pageInfo.pageName, json.pageInfo.pagePic, json.posts[0].post_id];};";
public void run() throws ScriptException, NoSuchMethodException {
ScriptEngine engine = new ScriptEngineManager().getEngineByName("nashorn");
engine.eval(EXTRACTOR_SCRIPT);
Invocable invocable = (Invocable) engine;
JSObject result = (JSObject) invocable.invokeFunction("fun", JSON);
result.values().forEach(e -> System.out.println(e));
}
性能比较
我编写的JSON内容包含三个数组,分别为20、20和100个元素。我只想从第三个数组中获取100个元素。我使用下面的JavaScript函数来解析和获取我的条目。
var fun = function(raw) {JSON.parse(raw).entries};
使用Nashorn运行一百万次调用需要7.5~7.8秒
(JSObject) invocable.invokeFunction("fun", json);
org。Json需要20~21秒
new JSONObject(JSON).getJSONArray("entries");
杰克逊用时6.5~7秒
mapper.readValue(JSON, Entries.class).getEntries();
在这种情况下,Jackson的性能比Nashorn好,后者的性能比org.json好得多。
Nashorn API比org更难使用。json或Jackson的。根据您的需求,Jackson和Nashorn都是可行的解决方案。
你可以用谷歌Gson。
使用这个库,您只需要创建一个具有相同JSON结构的模型。然后自动填充模型。你必须调用你的变量作为你的JSON键,或者使用@SerializedName如果你想使用不同的名字。
JSON
从你的例子中:
{
"pageInfo": {
"pageName": "abc",
"pagePic": "http://example.com/content.jpg"
}
"posts": [
{
"post_id": "123456789012_123456789012",
"actor_id": "1234567890",
"picOfPersonWhoPosted": "http://example.com/photo.jpg",
"nameOfPersonWhoPosted": "Jane Doe",
"message": "Sounds cool. Can't wait to see it!",
"likesCount": "2",
"comments": [],
"timeOfPost": "1234567890"
}
]
}
模型
class MyModel {
private PageInfo pageInfo;
private ArrayList<Post> posts = new ArrayList<>();
}
class PageInfo {
private String pageName;
private String pagePic;
}
class Post {
private String post_id;
@SerializedName("actor_id") // <- example SerializedName
private String actorId;
private String picOfPersonWhoPosted;
private String nameOfPersonWhoPosted;
private String message;
private String likesCount;
private ArrayList<String> comments;
private String timeOfPost;
}
解析
现在你可以使用Gson库进行解析:
MyModel model = gson.fromJson(jsonString, MyModel.class);
Gradle进口
记得在应用的Gradle文件中导入这个库
implementation 'com.google.code.gson:gson:2.8.6' // or earlier versions
自动生成模型
您可以使用这样的在线工具从JSON自动生成模型。