杰森·普拉特发布的内容是正确的。

>>> class Test(object):
...   def a(self):
...     pass
... 
>>> def b(self):
...   pass
... 
>>> Test.b = b
>>> type(b)
<type 'function'>
>>> type(Test.a)
<type 'instancemethod'>
>>> type(Test.b)
<type 'instancemethod'>

如您所见，Python认为b（）与a（）没有任何不同。在Python中，所有方法都只是恰好是函数的变量。

除了其他人所说的，我发现__repr_和__str__方法不能在对象级别上进行猴痘，因为repr（）和str（）使用类方法，而不是本地绑定的对象方法：

# Instance monkeypatch
[ins] In [55]: x.__str__ = show.__get__(x)                                                                 

[ins] In [56]: x                                                                                           
Out[56]: <__main__.X at 0x7fc207180c10>

[ins] In [57]: str(x)                                                                                      
Out[57]: '<__main__.X object at 0x7fc207180c10>'

[ins] In [58]: x.__str__()                                                                                 
Nice object!

# Class monkeypatch
[ins] In [62]: X.__str__ = lambda _: "From class"                                                          

[ins] In [63]: str(x)                                                                                      
Out[63]: 'From class'

整合Jason Pratt和社区wiki的答案，看看不同绑定方法的结果：

特别注意将绑定函数添加为类方法是如何工作的，但引用范围不正确。

#!/usr/bin/python -u
import types
import inspect

## dynamically adding methods to a unique instance of a class


# get a list of a class's method type attributes
def listattr(c):
    for m in [(n, v) for n, v in inspect.getmembers(c, inspect.ismethod) if isinstance(v,types.MethodType)]:
        print m[0], m[1]

# externally bind a function as a method of an instance of a class
def ADDMETHOD(c, method, name):
    c.__dict__[name] = types.MethodType(method, c)

class C():
    r = 10 # class attribute variable to test bound scope

    def __init__(self):
        pass

    #internally bind a function as a method of self's class -- note that this one has issues!
    def addmethod(self, method, name):
        self.__dict__[name] = types.MethodType( method, self.__class__ )

    # predfined function to compare with
    def f0(self, x):
        print 'f0\tx = %d\tr = %d' % ( x, self.r)

a = C() # created before modified instnace
b = C() # modified instnace


def f1(self, x): # bind internally
    print 'f1\tx = %d\tr = %d' % ( x, self.r )
def f2( self, x): # add to class instance's .__dict__ as method type
    print 'f2\tx = %d\tr = %d' % ( x, self.r )
def f3( self, x): # assign to class as method type
    print 'f3\tx = %d\tr = %d' % ( x, self.r )
def f4( self, x): # add to class instance's .__dict__ using a general function
    print 'f4\tx = %d\tr = %d' % ( x, self.r )


b.addmethod(f1, 'f1')
b.__dict__['f2'] = types.MethodType( f2, b)
b.f3 = types.MethodType( f3, b)
ADDMETHOD(b, f4, 'f4')


b.f0(0) # OUT: f0   x = 0   r = 10
b.f1(1) # OUT: f1   x = 1   r = 10
b.f2(2) # OUT: f2   x = 2   r = 10
b.f3(3) # OUT: f3   x = 3   r = 10
b.f4(4) # OUT: f4   x = 4   r = 10


k = 2
print 'changing b.r from {0} to {1}'.format(b.r, k)
b.r = k
print 'new b.r = {0}'.format(b.r)

b.f0(0) # OUT: f0   x = 0   r = 2
b.f1(1) # OUT: f1   x = 1   r = 10  !!!!!!!!!
b.f2(2) # OUT: f2   x = 2   r = 2
b.f3(3) # OUT: f3   x = 3   r = 2
b.f4(4) # OUT: f4   x = 4   r = 2

c = C() # created after modifying instance

# let's have a look at each instance's method type attributes
print '\nattributes of a:'
listattr(a)
# OUT:
# attributes of a:
# __init__ <bound method C.__init__ of <__main__.C instance at 0x000000000230FD88>>
# addmethod <bound method C.addmethod of <__main__.C instance at 0x000000000230FD88>>
# f0 <bound method C.f0 of <__main__.C instance at 0x000000000230FD88>>

print '\nattributes of b:'
listattr(b)
# OUT:
# attributes of b:
# __init__ <bound method C.__init__ of <__main__.C instance at 0x000000000230FE08>>
# addmethod <bound method C.addmethod of <__main__.C instance at 0x000000000230FE08>>
# f0 <bound method C.f0 of <__main__.C instance at 0x000000000230FE08>>
# f1 <bound method ?.f1 of <class __main__.C at 0x000000000237AB28>>
# f2 <bound method ?.f2 of <__main__.C instance at 0x000000000230FE08>>
# f3 <bound method ?.f3 of <__main__.C instance at 0x000000000230FE08>>
# f4 <bound method ?.f4 of <__main__.C instance at 0x000000000230FE08>>

print '\nattributes of c:'
listattr(c)
# OUT:
# attributes of c:
# __init__ <bound method C.__init__ of <__main__.C instance at 0x0000000002313108>>
# addmethod <bound method C.addmethod of <__main__.C instance at 0x0000000002313108>>
# f0 <bound method C.f0 of <__main__.C instance at 0x0000000002313108>>

就我个人而言，我更喜欢外部ADDMETHOD函数路由，因为它也允许我在迭代器中动态分配新的方法名。

def y(self, x):
    pass
d = C()
for i in range(1,5):
    ADDMETHOD(d, y, 'f%d' % i)
print '\nattributes of d:'
listattr(d)
# OUT:
# attributes of d:
# __init__ <bound method C.__init__ of <__main__.C instance at 0x0000000002303508>>
# addmethod <bound method C.addmethod of <__main__.C instance at 0x0000000002303508>>
# f0 <bound method C.f0 of <__main__.C instance at 0x0000000002303508>>
# f1 <bound method ?.y of <__main__.C instance at 0x0000000002303508>>
# f2 <bound method ?.y of <__main__.C instance at 0x0000000002303508>>
# f3 <bound method ?.y of <__main__.C instance at 0x0000000002303508>>
# f4 <bound method ?.y of <__main__.C instance at 0x0000000002303508>>

我相信你要找的是setattr。使用此设置对象的属性。

>>> def printme(s): print repr(s)
>>> class A: pass
>>> setattr(A,'printme',printme)
>>> a = A()
>>> a.printme() # s becomes the implicit 'self' variable
< __ main __ . A instance at 0xABCDEFG>

这个问题早在几年前就提出了，但嘿，有一种简单的方法可以使用decorator模拟函数与类实例的绑定：

def binder (function, instance):
  copy_of_function = type (function) (function.func_code, {})
  copy_of_function.__bind_to__ = instance
  def bound_function (*args, **kwargs):
    return copy_of_function (copy_of_function.__bind_to__, *args, **kwargs)
  return bound_function


class SupaClass (object):
  def __init__ (self):
    self.supaAttribute = 42


def new_method (self):
  print self.supaAttribute


supaInstance = SupaClass ()
supaInstance.supMethod = binder (new_method, supaInstance)

otherInstance = SupaClass ()
otherInstance.supaAttribute = 72
otherInstance.supMethod = binder (new_method, otherInstance)

otherInstance.supMethod ()
supaInstance.supMethod ()

在那里，当您将函数和实例传递给绑定器装饰器时，它将创建一个新函数，其代码对象与第一个相同。然后，类的给定实例存储在新创建的函数的属性中。装饰器返回一个（第三个）函数，自动调用复制的函数，将实例作为第一个参数。最后，您将得到一个函数，模拟它与类实例的绑定。保持原始函数不变。

如何从类的实例恢复类

class UnderWater:
    def __init__(self):
        self.net = 'underwater'

marine = UnderWater() # Instantiate the class

# Recover the class from the instance and add attributes to it.
class SubMarine(marine.__class__):  
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
            self.sound = 'Sonar'
    
print(SubMarine, SubMarine.__name__, SubMarine().net, SubMarine().sound)

# Output
# (__main__.SubMarine,'SubMarine', 'underwater', 'Sonar')