在回答最初关于道具不可变的问题时，我们说它们在子组件中是不可变的，但在父组件中是可以改变的。

道具和状态是相关的。一个组件的状态通常会成为子组件的道具。道具在父元素的呈现方法中作为React.createElement()的第二个参数传递给子元素，如果您使用的是JSX，则是更熟悉的标记属性。

<MyChild name={this.state.childsName} />

父类的childsName的状态值变成子类的this.props.name。从子进程的角度来看，名称道具是不可变的。如果它需要改变，父进程只需要改变它的内部状态:

this.setState({ childsName: 'New name' });

React会把它传播给你的子程序。一个自然的后续问题是:如果子程序需要更改其名称道具怎么办?这通常是通过子事件和父回调完成的。子进程可能会公开一个名为onNameChanged的事件。然后父进程通过传递回调处理程序来订阅事件。

<MyChild name={this.state.childsName} onNameChanged={this.handleName} />

子进程将通过调用this.props将其请求的新名称作为参数传递给事件回调。onNameChanged('New name')，父进程将在事件处理程序中使用该名称来更新其状态。

handleName: function(newName) {
   this.setState({ childsName: newName });
}

亲子交流，只需传递道具即可。

使用state在控制器视图中存储当前页面所需的数据。

使用道具将数据和事件处理程序传递给你的子组件。

这些列表应该有助于指导您在组件中处理数据。

道具

是不可变的 它可以让React进行快速参考检查 用于从视图控制器向下传递数据 顶级组件 有更好的表现 使用它将数据传递给子组件

状态

是否应该在视图控制器中进行管理 顶级组件 是可变的 表现更差 不应该从子组件访问 用道具把它传下去

For communication between two components that don't have a parent-child relationship, you can set up your own global event system. Subscribe to events in componentDidMount(), unsubscribe in componentWillUnmount(), and call setState() when you receive an event. Flux pattern is one of the possible ways to arrange this. - https://facebook.github.io/react/tips/communicate-between-components.html What Components Should Have State? Most of your components should simply take some data from props and render it. However, sometimes you need to respond to user input, a server request or the passage of time. For this you use state. Try to keep as many of your components as possible stateless. By doing this you'll isolate the state to its most logical place and minimize redundancy, making it easier to reason about your application. A common pattern is to create several stateless components that just render data, and have a stateful component above them in the hierarchy that passes its state to its children via props. The stateful component encapsulates all of the interaction logic, while the stateless components take care of rendering data in a declarative way. - https://facebook.github.io/react/docs/interactivity-and-dynamic-uis.html#what-components-should-have-state What Should Go in State? State should contain data that a component's event handlers may change to trigger a UI update. In real apps this data tends to be very small and JSON-serializable. When building a stateful component, think about the minimal possible representation of its state, and only store those properties in this.state. Inside of render() simply compute any other information you need based on this state. You'll find that thinking about and writing applications in this way tends to lead to the most correct application, since adding redundant or computed values to state means that you need to explicitly keep them in sync rather than rely on React computing them for you. - https://facebook.github.io/react/docs/interactivity-and-dynamic-uis.html#what-should-go-in-state

道具和状态在某种程度上是相同的，它们都会触发重渲染。不同之处在于，道具来自于父组件，状态在当前组件中管理。状态是可变的，道具是不可变的

摘自:Andrea Chiarelli的书《开始React:用React简化前端开发工作流，增强应用程序的用户体验》:

Every React component has a props property. The purpose of this property is to collect data input passed to the component itself. JSX attribute is attached to a React element, a property with the same name is attached to the props object. So, we can access the passed data by using the attached property. In addition, the immutability of props allows us to think of components as pure functions, which are functions that have no side effects (since they don't change their input data). We can think of data passing from one component to another as a unidirectional data flow, from the parent component toward the child components. This gives us a more controllable system.

React provides a mechanism to support the automatic rendering of a component when data changes. Such a mechanism is based on the concept of state. React state is a property that represents data that changes over time. Every component supports the state property, but it should be used carefully. Components that store data that can change over time are said to be stateful components. A stateful component stores the state in the this.state property. To inform a component that the state has changed, you must use the setState() method. State initialization is the only case where you can assign a value to the this.state property without using setState().

setState()将新数据与已包含在状态中的旧数据合并，并覆盖先前的状态 setState()会触发render()方法的执行，所以永远不要显式地调用render()

react中“state”和“props”的区别。

React根据状态控制和渲染DOM。有两种类型的组件状态:props是组件之间传输的状态，state是组件的内部状态。Props用于将数据从父组件传输到子组件。组件在内部也有自己的状态:只能在组件内部修改的状态。

一般来说，某个组件的状态可以是子组件的道具，道具会传递给子组件，这是在父组件的呈现方法中声明的