用MySQL计算中位数最简单(希望不会太慢)的方法是什么?我已经使用AVG(x)来寻找平均值,但我很难找到一个简单的方法来计算中位数。现在,我将所有的行返回到PHP,进行排序,然后选择中间的行,但是肯定有一些简单的方法可以在一个MySQL查询中完成它。

示例数据:

id | val
--------
 1    4
 2    7
 3    2
 4    2
 5    9
 6    8
 7    3

对val排序得到2 2 3 4 7 8 9,因此中位数应该是4,而SELECT AVG(val) == 5。


当前回答

这是我的办法。当然,你可以把它放到一个过程中:-)

SET @median_counter = (SELECT FLOOR(COUNT(*)/2) - 1 AS `median_counter` FROM `data`);

SET @median = CONCAT('SELECT `val` FROM `data` ORDER BY `val` LIMIT ', @median_counter, ', 1');

PREPARE median FROM @median;

EXECUTE median;

你可以避免变量@median_counter,如果你替换它:

SET @median = CONCAT( 'SELECT `val` FROM `data` ORDER BY `val` LIMIT ',
                      (SELECT FLOOR(COUNT(*)/2) - 1 AS `median_counter` FROM `data`),
                      ', 1'
                    );

PREPARE median FROM @median;

EXECUTE median;

其他回答

我刚刚在网上的评论中找到了另一个答案:

对于几乎所有SQL中的中位数: SELECT x.val from data x, data y GROUP BY x.val 总和(符号(1-SIGN (y.val-x.val))) = (COUNT (*) + 1) / 2

确保列有良好的索引,并且索引用于筛选和排序。与解释计划核对。

select count(*) from table --find the number of rows

计算“中值”行号。可能使用:median_row = floor(count / 2)。

然后把它从列表中挑出来:

select val from table order by val asc limit median_row,1

这将返回您想要的值的一行。

另一个对Velcrow答案的重复,但使用了一个中间表,并利用了用于行编号的变量来获得计数,而不是执行额外的查询来计算它。还开始计数,以便第一行是第0行,以便简单地使用Floor和Ceil选择中位数行。

SELECT Avg(tmp.val) as median_val
    FROM (SELECT inTab.val, @rows := @rows + 1 as rowNum
              FROM data as inTab,  (SELECT @rows := -1) as init
              -- Replace with better where clause or delete
              WHERE 2 > 1
              ORDER BY inTab.val) as tmp
    WHERE tmp.rowNum in (Floor(@rows / 2), Ceil(@rows / 2));

一个简单的方法来计算中位数在MySQL

set @ct := (select count(1) from station);
set @row := 0;

select avg(a.val) as median from 
(select * from  table order by val) a
where (select @row := @row + 1)
between @ct/2.0 and @ct/2.0 +1;

最简单和快速的方法来计算中位数在mysql。

select x.col
from   (select lat_n, 
               count(1) over (partition by 'A')        as total_rows, 
               row_number() over (order by col asc) as rank_Order 
        from   station ft) x 
where  x.rank_Order = round(x.total_rows / 2.0, 0) 

通常,我们不仅需要为整个表计算Median,还需要为与ID相关的聚合计算Median。换句话说,计算表中每个ID的中位数,其中每个ID有许多记录。(良好的性能和工作在许多SQL +修复偶数和赔率的问题,更多关于不同的中值方法的性能https://sqlperformance.com/2012/08/t-sql-queries/median)

SELECT our_id, AVG(1.0 * our_val) as Median
FROM
( SELECT our_id, our_val, 
  COUNT(*) OVER (PARTITION BY our_id) AS cnt,
  ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY our_id ORDER BY our_val) AS rn
  FROM our_table
) AS x
WHERE rn IN ((cnt + 1)/2, (cnt + 2)/2) GROUP BY our_id;

希望能有所帮助