有了一个点列表,我如何确定它们是否是顺时针顺序的?

例如:

point[0] = (5,0)
point[1] = (6,4)
point[2] = (4,5)
point[3] = (1,5)
point[4] = (1,0)

会说它是逆时针的(对某些人来说是逆时针的)


当前回答

虽然这些答案是正确的,但它们在数学上的强度比必要的要大。假设地图坐标,其中最北的点是地图上的最高点。找到最北的点,如果两个点相等,它是最北的,然后是最东的(这是lhf在他的答案中使用的点)。在你的观点中,

点[0]= (5,0)

点[1]= (6,4)

点[2]= (4,5)

点[3]= (1,5)

点[4]= (1,0)

If we assume that P2 is the most north then east point either the previous or next point determine clockwise, CW, or CCW. Since the most north point is on the north face, if the P1 (previous) to P2 moves east the direction is CW. In this case, it moves west, so the direction is CCW as the accepted answer says. If the previous point has no horizontal movement, then the same system applies to the next point, P3. If P3 is west of P2, it is, then the movement is CCW. If the P2 to P3 movement is east, it's west in this case, the movement is CW. Assume that nte, P2 in your data, is the most north then east point and the prv is the previous point, P1 in your data, and nxt is the next point, P3 in your data, and [0] is horizontal or east/west where west is less than east, and [1] is vertical.

if (nte[0] >= prv[0] && nxt[0] >= nte[0]) return(CW);
if (nte[0] <= prv[0] && nxt[0] <= nte[0]) return(CCW);
// Okay, it's not easy-peasy, so now, do the math
if (nte[0] * nxt[1] - nte[1] * nxt[0] - prv[0] * (nxt[1] - crt[1]) + prv[1] * (nxt[0] - nte[0]) >= 0) return(CCW); // For quadrant 3 return(CW)
return(CW) // For quadrant 3 return (CCW)

其他回答

这是我使用其他答案中的解释的解决方案:

def segments(poly):
    """A sequence of (x,y) numeric coordinates pairs """
    return zip(poly, poly[1:] + [poly[0]])

def check_clockwise(poly):
    clockwise = False
    if (sum(x0*y1 - x1*y0 for ((x0, y0), (x1, y1)) in segments(poly))) < 0:
        clockwise = not clockwise
    return clockwise

poly = [(2,2),(6,2),(6,6),(2,6)]
check_clockwise(poly)
False

poly = [(2, 6), (6, 6), (6, 2), (2, 2)]
check_clockwise(poly)
True

我将提出另一个解决方案,因为它很简单,不需要大量的数学运算,它只是使用了基本的代数。计算多边形的带符号面积。如果是负的,点是顺时针的,如果是正的,点是逆时针的。(这与Beta的解决方案非常相似。)

计算带符号的面积: A = 1/2 * (x1*y2 - x2*y1 + x2*y3 - x3*y2 +…+ xn*y1 - x1*yn)

或者在伪代码中:

signedArea = 0
for each point in points:
    x1 = point[0]
    y1 = point[1]
    if point is last point
        x2 = firstPoint[0]
        y2 = firstPoint[1]
    else
        x2 = nextPoint[0]
        y2 = nextPoint[1]
    end if

    signedArea += (x1 * y2 - x2 * y1)
end for
return signedArea / 2

注意,如果你只是检查顺序,你不需要麻烦除以2。

来源:http://mathworld.wolfram.com/PolygonArea.html

在测试了几个不可靠的实现之后,在CW/CCW方向方面提供令人满意结果的算法是由OP在这个线程(shoelace_formula_3)中发布的算法。

与往常一样,正数表示CW方向,而负数表示CCW方向。

正如这篇维基百科文章中所解释的曲线方向,给定平面上的3个点p, q和r(即x和y坐标),您可以计算以下行列式的符号

如果行列式为负(即定向(p, q, r) < 0),则多边形是顺时针方向(CW)。如果行列式为正(即定向(p, q, r) > 0),则多边形是逆时针方向(CCW)。如果点p, q和r共线,行列式为零(即定向(p, q, r) == 0)。

在上面的公式中,由于我们使用的是齐次坐标,我们将1放在p, q和r的坐标前面。

如果使用Matlab,如果多边形顶点按顺时针顺序排列,函数ispolycw将返回true。