我有一个foreach循环,需要执行一些逻辑时,最后一项是从列表中选择,例如:
foreach (Item result in Model.Results)
{
//if current result is the last item in Model.Results
//then do something in the code
}
我可以知道哪个循环是最后没有使用循环和计数器吗?
我有一个foreach循环,需要执行一些逻辑时,最后一项是从列表中选择,例如:
foreach (Item result in Model.Results)
{
//if current result is the last item in Model.Results
//then do something in the code
}
我可以知道哪个循环是最后没有使用循环和计数器吗?
当前回答
你可以创建一个专门用于此的扩展方法:
public static class EnumerableExtensions {
public static bool IsLast<T>(this List<T> items, T item)
{
if (items.Count == 0)
return false;
T last = items[items.Count - 1];
return item.Equals(last);
}
}
你可以这样使用它:
foreach (Item result in Model.Results)
{
if(Model.Results.IsLast(result))
{
//do something in the code
}
}
其他回答
对Jon Skeet的优秀代码进行一些小的调整,您甚至可以通过允许访问前一个和下一个项目来使其更智能。当然,这意味着您必须在实现中提前阅读1项。出于性能原因,前一项和下一项仅为当前迭代项保留。它是这样的:
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
// Based on source: http://jonskeet.uk/csharp/miscutil/
namespace Generic.Utilities
{
/// <summary>
/// Static class to make creation easier. If possible though, use the extension
/// method in SmartEnumerableExt.
/// </summary>
public static class SmartEnumerable
{
/// <summary>
/// Extension method to make life easier.
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">Type of enumerable</typeparam>
/// <param name="source">Source enumerable</param>
/// <returns>A new SmartEnumerable of the appropriate type</returns>
public static SmartEnumerable<T> Create<T>(IEnumerable<T> source)
{
return new SmartEnumerable<T>(source);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Type chaining an IEnumerable<T> to allow the iterating code
/// to detect the first and last entries simply.
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">Type to iterate over</typeparam>
public class SmartEnumerable<T> : IEnumerable<SmartEnumerable<T>.Entry>
{
/// <summary>
/// Enumerable we proxy to
/// </summary>
readonly IEnumerable<T> enumerable;
/// <summary>
/// Constructor.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="enumerable">Collection to enumerate. Must not be null.</param>
public SmartEnumerable(IEnumerable<T> enumerable)
{
if (enumerable == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("enumerable");
}
this.enumerable = enumerable;
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns an enumeration of Entry objects, each of which knows
/// whether it is the first/last of the enumeration, as well as the
/// current value and next/previous values.
/// </summary>
public IEnumerator<Entry> GetEnumerator()
{
using (IEnumerator<T> enumerator = enumerable.GetEnumerator())
{
if (!enumerator.MoveNext())
{
yield break;
}
bool isFirst = true;
bool isLast = false;
int index = 0;
Entry previous = null;
T current = enumerator.Current;
isLast = !enumerator.MoveNext();
var entry = new Entry(isFirst, isLast, current, index++, previous);
isFirst = false;
previous = entry;
while (!isLast)
{
T next = enumerator.Current;
isLast = !enumerator.MoveNext();
var entry2 = new Entry(isFirst, isLast, next, index++, entry);
entry.SetNext(entry2);
yield return entry;
previous.UnsetLinks();
previous = entry;
entry = entry2;
}
yield return entry;
previous.UnsetLinks();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Non-generic form of GetEnumerator.
/// </summary>
IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator()
{
return GetEnumerator();
}
/// <summary>
/// Represents each entry returned within a collection,
/// containing the value and whether it is the first and/or
/// the last entry in the collection's. enumeration
/// </summary>
public class Entry
{
#region Fields
private readonly bool isFirst;
private readonly bool isLast;
private readonly T value;
private readonly int index;
private Entry previous;
private Entry next = null;
#endregion
#region Properties
/// <summary>
/// The value of the entry.
/// </summary>
public T Value { get { return value; } }
/// <summary>
/// Whether or not this entry is first in the collection's enumeration.
/// </summary>
public bool IsFirst { get { return isFirst; } }
/// <summary>
/// Whether or not this entry is last in the collection's enumeration.
/// </summary>
public bool IsLast { get { return isLast; } }
/// <summary>
/// The 0-based index of this entry (i.e. how many entries have been returned before this one)
/// </summary>
public int Index { get { return index; } }
/// <summary>
/// Returns the previous entry.
/// Only available for the CURRENT entry!
/// </summary>
public Entry Previous { get { return previous; } }
/// <summary>
/// Returns the next entry for the current iterator.
/// Only available for the CURRENT entry!
/// </summary>
public Entry Next { get { return next; } }
#endregion
#region Constructors
internal Entry(bool isFirst, bool isLast, T value, int index, Entry previous)
{
this.isFirst = isFirst;
this.isLast = isLast;
this.value = value;
this.index = index;
this.previous = previous;
}
#endregion
#region Methods
/// <summary>
/// Fix the link to the next item of the IEnumerable
/// </summary>
/// <param name="entry"></param>
internal void SetNext(Entry entry)
{
next = entry;
}
/// <summary>
/// Allow previous and next Entry to be garbage collected by setting them to null
/// </summary>
internal void UnsetLinks()
{
previous = null;
next = null;
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns "(index)value"
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public override string ToString()
{
return String.Format("({0}){1}", Index, Value);
}
#endregion
}
}
}
最好的方法可能是在循环之后执行该步骤:
foreach(Item result in Model.Results)
{
//loop logic
}
//Post execution logic
或者如果你需要对最后的结果做些什么
foreach(Item result in Model.Results)
{
//loop logic
}
Item lastItem = Model.Results[Model.Results.Count - 1];
//Execute logic on lastItem here
另一种方法是使用Queue(队列),我没有看到它被贴出来。这类似于实现SkipLast()方法而无需进行不必要的迭代。这种方法也可以让你在任何数量的最后一项上这样做。
public static void ForEachAndKnowIfLast<T>(
this IEnumerable<T> source,
Action<T, bool> a,
int numLastItems = 1)
{
int bufferMax = numLastItems + 1;
var buffer = new Queue<T>(bufferMax);
foreach (T x in source)
{
buffer.Enqueue(x);
if (buffer.Count < bufferMax)
continue; //Until the buffer is full, just add to it.
a(buffer.Dequeue(), false);
}
foreach (T item in buffer)
a(item, true);
}
要调用它,你需要执行以下操作:
Model.Results.ForEachAndKnowIfLast(
(result, isLast) =>
{
//your logic goes here, using isLast to do things differently for last item(s).
});
只需存储之前的值,并在循环中使用它。然后在最后,“previous”值将是最后一项,让您以不同的方式处理它。不需要计数或特殊库。
bool empty = true;
Item previousItem;
foreach (Item result in Model.Results)
{
// Alternatively, check if previousItem == null
// if your Enumerable can't contain nulls
if (!empty)
{
// We know this isn't the last item because
// it came from the previous iteration
handleRegularItem(previousItem);
}
previousItem = result;
empty = false;
}
if (!empty)
{
// We know this is the last item because the loop is finished
handleLastItem(previousItem);
}
var last = objList.LastOrDefault();
foreach (var item in objList)
{
if (item.Equals(last))
{
}
}